一、表語 系動詞是表示人或事物狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)的動詞, 如： be

1、一、表語一、表語 系動詞是表示人或事物狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)的動系動詞是表示人或事物狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)的動詞詞, 如如: be, get, sound, look, seem, feel等。系等。系動詞后動詞后 面的部分叫表語。作表語的典型詞面的部分叫表語。作表語的典型詞類是形容詞類是形容詞, 也可以名詞、數(shù)詞、極少數(shù)副也可以名詞、數(shù)詞、極少數(shù)副詞詞(如如here, there)、介詞短語、不定式、分、介詞短語、不定式、分詞、表語從句等。系動詞與表語共同構(gòu)成詞、表語從句等。系動詞與表語共同構(gòu)成謂語謂語, 說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)等。說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)等。練習(xí)：練習(xí)：請找出下列句子的表語并指出表語是請找出下列句子的表

2、語并指出表語是由什么來充當(dāng)?shù)挠墒裁磥沓洚?dāng)?shù)?名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞, 不定式不定式, 分詞分詞, 還是表語從句還是表語從句)。1. My wallet is on the desk. ( _ )2. The book isnt mine. ( _ )mine,名詞。名詞。on the desk, 介詞短語。介詞短語。3. The leaves turn yellow in fall. ( _ )4. He has become a police officer. ( _ ) a police officer, 名詞。名詞。yellow ,形容詞。形容詞。5. My s

3、uggestion is that we should start at once. ( _ )6. My suggestion is to leave at once. ( _ )to leave at once, 不定式短語不定式短語。that we should start at once. 表語從句表語從句。7. His speech was boring. ( _ )8. The whole class got excited at the good news. ( _ )excited, 過去分詞。過去分詞。boring, 現(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞。二、定語二、定語 定語用來修飾名詞或代

4、詞定語用來修飾名詞或代詞, 起限定作起限定作用。作定語的典型詞類是形容詞和形容用。作定語的典型詞類是形容詞和形容詞性物主代詞詞性物主代詞, 也可以是數(shù)詞、名詞、介也可以是數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語、分詞、定語從句等。定語一般詞短語、分詞、定語從句等。定語一般位于被修飾詞之前，但若修飾復(fù)合不定位于被修飾詞之前，但若修飾復(fù)合不定代詞代詞(如如something)時時, 或者是短語或定語或者是短語或定語從句作定語從句作定語, 則總是放在所修飾名詞的后則總是放在所修飾名詞的后邊。邊。練習(xí)：練習(xí)：請找出下列句子的定語并指出定請找出下列句子的定語并指出定語是由什么充當(dāng)語是由什么充當(dāng)(形容詞、形容詞性代詞、形容詞

5、、形容詞性代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語、分詞還是定語數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語、分詞還是定語從句從句)1. The beautiful sight attracts many tourists every year.( _ ) beautiful, 形容詞形容詞; many, 數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞。 2. The wallet on the desk is mine. ( _ )3. The demanding boss wasnt satisfied with my work. ( _ )demanding,現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞; my,形容詞性代詞形容詞性代詞。on the desk, 介詞短語介詞短語。4.

6、That building being repaired is our library.( _ ) 5. He is one of the students that have been late.( _ ) being repaired, 現(xiàn)在分詞短語現(xiàn)在分詞短語; our, 形形容詞性代詞容詞性代詞。one, 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞; that have been late, 定語從句定語從句6. The excited boys burst into cheers. ( _ )7. A woman police officer was praised for her good work. ( _ )w

7、oman, 名詞名詞; good, 形容詞。形容詞。excited, 過去分詞。過去分詞。三、狀語三、狀語 狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞詞, 或整個句子。一般表示行為發(fā)生的或整個句子。一般表示行為發(fā)生的時間、地點、目的、方式、程度等時間、地點、目的、方式、程度等, 作作狀語的典型詞類是副詞狀語的典型詞類是副詞, 也可以是介詞也可以是介詞短語、不定式、分詞、狀語從句等。短語、不定式、分詞、狀語從句等。練習(xí)：練習(xí)：請找出下列句子的狀語并指出狀請找出下列句子的狀語并指出狀語是由什么充當(dāng)語是由什么充當(dāng)(副詞、介詞短語、不定副詞、介詞短語、不定式、分詞、狀語從句式、分詞、狀

8、語從句)。1. He did his homework carefully at home. ( _ )carefully,副詞副詞; at home, 介詞詞組。介詞詞組。to do some shopping不定式作目的狀不定式作目的狀語語; on Sunday介詞短語表時間。介詞短語表時間。2. Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday. ( _ )3. When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher. ( _ )4. Feeling tired, he went to bed without

9、 supper. ( _ )Feeling tired, 現(xiàn)在分詞短語表原因現(xiàn)在分詞短語表原因; without supper, 介詞短語表方式。介詞短語表方式。When I grow up, 時間狀語從句。時間狀語從句。5. He lost his job due to his lack of patience.( _ ) 6. Brought up in the country, he finds it hard to adjust himself to city life. ( _ ) Brought up in the country, 過去分詞短過去分詞短語表原因語表原因。due t

10、o his lack of patience介詞短語表介詞短語表原因。原因。四、補足語四、補足語 補充說明主語的稱為主語補足語補充說明主語的稱為主語補足語; 補充說明賓語的稱為賓語補足語。作補補充說明賓語的稱為賓語補足語。作補足語的典型詞類是形容詞足語的典型詞類是形容詞, 也可以是名也可以是名詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等。和過去分詞等。練習(xí)：練習(xí)：請找出下列句子的賓語補足語并指出請找出下列句子的賓語補足語并指出它是由什么充當(dāng)?shù)乃怯墒裁闯洚?dāng)?shù)?名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和

11、過去分詞)。1. They elected John monitor. ( _ )2. He treated his mistake as a joke. ( _ ) as a joke, 介詞詞組。介詞詞組。 monitor名詞名詞3. We heard her singing a song. ( _ )4. He told me to make my own decision.( _ ) to make my own decision, 動詞不定式動詞不定式 singing a song, 現(xiàn)在分詞短語?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語。5. I think it wrong of him to decline my offer. ( _ )6. He watched an insect caught by a bird.( _ ) caught by a bird,