高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品語(yǔ)法課件-專題8-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣

1、2021/8/61目錄目錄專題一 正反解讀冠詞專題二 正反解讀名詞專題三 正反解讀代詞專題四 正反解讀形容詞、副詞專題五 正反解讀介詞專題六 正反解讀動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)專題七 正反解讀非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題八 正反解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣專題九 正反解讀動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)專題十 正反解讀定語(yǔ)從句專題十一 正反解讀名詞性從句專題十二 正反解讀狀語(yǔ)從句專題十三 正反解讀特殊句式專題十四 正反解讀主謂一致與數(shù)詞【人教課標(biāo)版人教課標(biāo)版】高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件 語(yǔ)法專題語(yǔ)法專題語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法法專專題題2021/8/62專題八 正反解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣2021/8/63熱身導(dǎo)入Can you list

2、 some modal verbs that you remembered?modal verbscan/couldmay/mightwill/wouldshall/shouldmustought toUsed todarebe able toneedhave to專題八專題八 考點(diǎn)薈萃考點(diǎn)薈萃2021/8/64情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法特征 1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought to和used to外，后面只能接不帶to的不定式。 2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱，數(shù)的變化，will can dare 除外。 3情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“時(shí)態(tài)”的形式并不是區(qū)分時(shí)間的主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。自主學(xué)習(xí)專題八專題八 考點(diǎn)薈萃考點(diǎn)薈萃2021/8/65 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要用

3、來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的情感、態(tài)度等，是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的重點(diǎn)，也是高考的熱點(diǎn)，是單項(xiàng)填空必考的一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在近五年高考中主要考查四點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)和可能性的用法；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語(yǔ)氣等”；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn)主要集中在名詞性從句、條件句中的用法，以及錯(cuò)綜條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的應(yīng)用。專題八專題八 考點(diǎn)薈萃考點(diǎn)薈萃考點(diǎn)薈萃2021/8/66一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法 專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/67專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 意義 語(yǔ)氣 句式 語(yǔ)境 例句 備注 must一定 可能性最大 肯定句 對(duì)具體事實(shí)的

4、判斷A：Look，someone is coming. Who can it be? B: It may be our headmaster. A: It cant be him. He has gone to Shanghai. B: It must be Mr. Wang. He looks like our headmaster. That may not be true. He couldnt have discovered the truth. 對(duì)現(xiàn)在的行為或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)：must/may/might/can/coulddo 對(duì)過(guò)去的行為或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)：must/may/might/ca

5、n/could have done may/might(might可能性小于may)可能可能性較小，尤其might最不肯定肯定句、否定句(可能不)can/could (could可能性小于can)可能疑問(wèn)句、否定句(不可能)、(could有時(shí)也用于肯定句)有時(shí)會(huì)肯定句2021/8/68專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 意義 語(yǔ)氣 句式 語(yǔ)境 例句 備注 should /ought to應(yīng)該 ，理應(yīng) 理論上Its 8 oclock now. He should be in the office now. Hi, Mum! Im on the bus. I should be home in

6、 about ten minutes. 常表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)可能發(fā)生的事或某人的期望。一般句末有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，或有語(yǔ)境暗示。所表示的猜測(cè)發(fā)生的可能性很大。 2021/8/69注意：should (ought to)表示推測(cè)是高考考查的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。如：When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon.They _ be ready by 12：00. Acan Bshould Cmight Dneed【解析】 BA項(xiàng)表示推測(cè)時(shí)常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。C項(xiàng)表示推測(cè)語(yǔ)氣不太肯定。should意為“按理說(shuō)，理應(yīng)”，既回答了顧客的詢問(wèn)，

7、不失禮貌，又為照片有可能尚未洗好，顧客到時(shí)取不到留下了回旋的余地，體現(xiàn)了店主的精明與用詞經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)推敲。 專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/610He is at home. (事實(shí)事實(shí)) He must be at home.（非?？隙ǖ耐茢啵ǚ浅？隙ǖ耐茢啵?He could be at home.（很可能）（很可能） He ought to be at home.（很可能）（很可能） He may be at home.（僅僅可能而已）（僅僅可能而已） He might be at home.（或許（或許, 非常不確定）非常不確定） He might not be at hom

8、e.（也許不在家）（也許不在家）He may not be at home. （比（比might可能）可能） He couldnt be at home.（很可能不在家）（很可能不在家） He cant be at home.（一定不在家）（一定不在家）He isnt at home.（事實(shí)）（事實(shí)）不同的不同的“肯定肯定”程度可按下列層次排列程度可按下列層次排列2021/8/611情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)（一）should /ought to have done本來(lái)應(yīng)做而未做，表達(dá)遺憾感情色彩例例1：I told Sally how to get there, but

9、 perhaps I _for her.(NMET94) had to write it out must have written it outC. should have written it outD. ought to write it out析：選C。分析語(yǔ)境可知，口頭上告知Sally如何去那里是不夠的，所以我本應(yīng)書(shū)面告知，卻有沒(méi)書(shū)面告知之，顯得應(yīng)使用should /ought to have written表示遺憾之情。2021/8/612（二）may/might have done可能已做 / must have done 一定已做/cant have done不可能做 例例1：

10、- Where is my pen? - I _it.(NMET88)A. might lose B. wouldnt have lost C. should have lost D. must have lostD2021/8/613（三） could have done指本來(lái)能做而實(shí)際未做，表達(dá)遺憾的感情色彩. You could at least have sent five cards.你本來(lái)可以至少寄去5張明信片的。（說(shuō)明沒(méi)有寄那么多）2021/8/614二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其他用法1can, could, may, might專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 can

11、/could能力 I can see some birds flying in the sky. Could the girl read before she went to school? could表示泛指過(guò)去的某一能力。表示過(guò)去有能力并且成功地做了某事，通常用was/were able to do，相當(dāng)于managed to do/succeeded in doing。如：Because he practised hard, he was able to pass the driving test. 2021/8/615專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 can/co

12、uld允許(有時(shí)可與may互換) Can/May I have a look at your photos？ can與could、may與might不表時(shí)態(tài)差異，只是語(yǔ)氣上的差別，could/might比can/may更委婉。注意在回答時(shí)不能用could/ might。 請(qǐng)求 Can/Could you lend me a hand？Yes, I can. 2021/8/616專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 may/might允許或請(qǐng)求 You may take this if you like.May/Might I ask for a photo of your b

13、aby？ can與could、may與might不表時(shí)態(tài)差異，只是語(yǔ)氣上的差別，could/might比can/may更委婉。注意在回答時(shí)不能用could/ might。 2021/8/6172.must, should 專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 must 必須 We must help each other to overcome the difficulties. Must I finish the work today？No, you neednt/you dont have to./Yes, you must. You mustnt take photos

14、 here, and it is forbidden. must表示主觀意志，have to表示客觀。如：They had to speed up, for the weather turned terrible. Must I/we？的否定回答不能用mustnt。 偏要硬要非要Why must you always interrupt me？Can I borrow your car, Mum？If you must. 表示與說(shuō)話人愿望相反及不耐煩。 2021/8/618專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 should 應(yīng)該(常與oughtto通用)You should

15、be polite to the old. ought to 的否定式：ought not to(oughtnt to)；疑問(wèn)式：Ought to？ 竟然 It is strange that he should react in this way. 表示驚訝、意外等語(yǔ)氣。 萬(wàn)一 Should anyone phone, tell them I will call back later. ( If anyone should phone)If I should go there tomorrow, I would go to see her. 用于if從句中強(qiáng)調(diào)“萬(wàn)一”，或用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 20

16、21/8/6193. need, dare 專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞例句 注意事項(xiàng) needI neednt go at once. Need you go at once？Yes，I must. /No, I neednt.need可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，用于各種句式。如：I need to go at once. I dont need to go at once. Do you need to go at once？Yes，I do.need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常用于否定、疑問(wèn)或條件句中。dareHe darent cross the river.How dare you say that

17、to me？dare和need一樣，既可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和條件句。用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用于各種句式。如：He didnt dare (to) go out alone at night. (在否定句中to有時(shí)可省略) 2021/8/6204.shall/will/would專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 shall 表示征詢意見(jiàn)。 Shall I help you？ 用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中。 表示說(shuō)話人的意愿，有“命令，允諾，警告，決心”等意思。 You shall do as I say. (命令)You sha

18、ll have the book tomorrow. (允諾)If you dont get out, I shall knock you down. (警告)用于第二、第三人稱。 2021/8/6214.shall/will/would專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 will/would表示意愿 I will do everything for you. None is so blind as those who wont see. 表請(qǐng)求 Will/ Would you please close the window？ 用于疑問(wèn)句中。would更委婉 表示某種傾向或

19、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作 Fish will die without water. Every time she was in trouble，she would turn to him for help. (would指過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間的情況，常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，意為“總是，總會(huì)”，后面只能接動(dòng)作性的動(dòng)詞。) used to表示與現(xiàn)在的情況相反，表示“過(guò)去如此而現(xiàn)在不再這樣”。其后既可接表動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，也可接表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。如：There used to be an apple tree in front of the house.2021/8/6224.shall/will/would專題八專題八 正

20、面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞意義意義 例句例句 備注備注 will/would表示功表示功能能(能，能，行行) If you dont have a pen, a pencil will do. We tried the door again，but it wouldnt open. 與否定詞連用常表示與否定詞連用常表示“拒絕拒絕”。 表示推表示推測(cè)測(cè)(可能、可能、大概大概) This will be the house you are looking for. I would be about ten when my father left home.2021/8/623三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞hav

21、e done 專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 must have done；may/might have done；can/could have done一定(肯定句)；可能(肯定句和否定句)；可能(疑問(wèn)句和否定句)You cant/couldnt have met my grandmother. She died before you were born. 對(duì)過(guò)去的事情的推測(cè) might have done; could have done；would have done本來(lái)可能做而未做；本可以做而未做；本來(lái)會(huì)做而未做He might have given you m

22、ore help, even though he was very busy.We could have walked there, and it was so near.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬表達(dá) 2021/8/624專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 should/ought to have done本應(yīng)該做而未做 Your brother has failed English exam again. You ought to have given him more help. 表示責(zé)備neednt have done本不需要做但卻做了You neednt have wa

23、kened me up; I dont have to go to work today.2021/8/625He must be reading, _ he?You must do it yourself, _ you?He must have gone over the article, _he?It must have rained last night, _ it?表猜測(cè)語(yǔ)氣的反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成表猜測(cè)語(yǔ)氣的反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成isntdonthasntdidnt2021/8/626可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need 、 dare 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (+動(dòng)詞原形)行為動(dòng)詞 .

24、needdare2.2.尤其用于：尤其用于：* *否定句及疑問(wèn)句中否定句及疑問(wèn)句中; ; 3.3.常以常以needntneednt 和和darentdarent 的形式出現(xiàn)的形式出現(xiàn); ;4.dare4.dare有其過(guò)去時(shí)有其過(guò)去時(shí)dareddared. . 多用于肯定句多用于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do(sth.) need to be done (sth.) need doing 2021/8/627判斷正誤判斷正誤: How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?He d

25、arent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?2021/8/628Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.need 的被動(dòng)含義：的被動(dòng)含義：need，want, require, worth (adj.)后面接后面接doing 也也可表示被動(dòng)可表示被動(dòng), need doing =need

26、 to be done2021/8/629四、虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測(cè)。1 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法 專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/630專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀if從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反if主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式主語(yǔ)should/would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If 主語(yǔ)had過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)should/would/could/might have 過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反(1) if主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式主語(yǔ)should/would/could/ might動(dòng)詞原形(2)if主語(yǔ)were to動(dòng)詞原形(3) if主語(yǔ)

27、should動(dòng)詞原形2021/8/631If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car. 如果明天下雨的話，我就不開(kāi)車了。(明天的情況還不知道)If I had done it in time, I should have had a good time. 如果我及時(shí)做的話，日子就好過(guò)多了。(可惜當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)能及時(shí)做)注意： (1) 主句中的should通常用于第一人稱，would可用于任何人稱。 (2) 條件句中如果動(dòng)詞是be，其過(guò)去式所有人稱的單復(fù)數(shù)都可用were；在第一、三人稱單數(shù)的口語(yǔ)中，可用was代替were。但在if I we

28、re you中，不能說(shuō)成if I was you。專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/632 (3) 當(dāng)條件從句的行為與主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，主從句中動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所標(biāo)示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整，這就是所謂的“錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣”。如：If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.如果他們以前努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，現(xiàn)在干得就會(huì)容易些了。If he had not taken my advice, he wouldnt do it much better like this.如果他不聽(tīng)我的建議，他就不會(huì)干得這么好了。 (

29、4) 在條件句中，如果有were, had, should等，則可省略if，但應(yīng)注意把were, had, should等提到從句主語(yǔ)之前。專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/633如：If he were to come, I would join him in the discussion. Were he to come, I would join him in the discussion. 如果他來(lái)，我將和他一道參加討論。(5)有些虛擬條件句沒(méi)有從句，虛擬條件句是通過(guò)上下文或介詞短語(yǔ)表示出來(lái)的。如：But for air and water, there would be n

30、o life on the earth. 要是沒(méi)有空氣和水，地球上就沒(méi)有生命。(介詞短語(yǔ)but for提供了虛擬條件)With your help, we might finish the plan earlier. 要是有你的幫助，我們就可以早些完成任務(wù)。(介詞短語(yǔ)with your help充當(dāng)虛擬條件句)專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/6342 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在wish從句中的用法專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀賓語(yǔ)從句愿望I wish主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望主語(yǔ)had過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望主語(yǔ)would/might動(dòng)詞原形將來(lái)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望2021/8/635I wis

31、h I were a doctor. 我希望我是個(gè)醫(yī)生就好了。(現(xiàn)在)I wish that the rain would stop. 我希望雨能停下來(lái)。(將來(lái))I wish that he had not made so much fuss about it. 我希望他不要把事情搞大了。(過(guò)去)3 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的使用(1)在insist；command，order；demand，request，require，desire；advise, propose, suggest，recommend 等表示“命令、要求、建議”的動(dòng)詞后接的賓語(yǔ)從句中要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如： He suggest

32、s that she (should) leave the house at once.他要她立刻離開(kāi)這所房子。專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/636He proposed that we (should) deal with the problem by the view of development. 他建議我們應(yīng)該用發(fā)展的眼光處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。(2)與上述動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞suggestion, order, demand , proposal 等后的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should可省略)。如：My proposal is that we (should) s

33、et a deadline for handing in the plan.我的建議是為這個(gè)計(jì)劃設(shè)定一個(gè)上交的期限。專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/637(3)在It be suggested (ordered, demanded, proposed, )that 結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語(yǔ)從句中也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：Its required that every student be on time for school. 要求每個(gè)學(xué)生準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校。(4)在do you suggest/recommend用在特殊疑問(wèn)句中作插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的動(dòng)詞也使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，其中s

34、hould可以省略。如：What type of computer do you recommend/ suggest we (should) buy?你建議我們買什么類型的電腦呢？專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/638(5)在Itsnecessary，essential，important, strange, natural等形容詞 that從句或Its a pity，a shame等名詞 that 從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以使用should do。如：It is necessary that the badly wounded man should be treated immedi

35、ately. 這位重傷員必須馬上治療。Its a pity that you should be so careless.你竟然如此粗心，真是可惜。專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/6394 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法在as if/though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式表示與現(xiàn)在相反的情況；用過(guò)去完成式，表示與過(guò)去相反的情況等。其變化與wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句的變化相同。如：Ive loved you as if you were my relative.我一直愛(ài)你仿佛你是我的親人。5 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他一些句型中的用法(1)Its high/above time (that)從句中

36、，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以使用過(guò)去式，也可使用should動(dòng)詞原形；表示“早該了”，其中should不可省略。如：Its high/above time we got up/should get up. 我們?cè)缭撈鸫擦恕ｎ}八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/640(2)would rather從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況相反；用過(guò)去完成式，表示與過(guò)去的情況相反。如：I would rather you came tomorrow. 我寧愿你明天來(lái)。(3)if only要是多好啊。如：If only you hadnt offended him. 你當(dāng)時(shí)不惹他就好了。If only

37、he could come tomorrow. 他明天能來(lái)就好了。(4)其他一些表示祝愿的句型。如：May you succeed！祝你成功！Long live the Peoples Republic of China. 中華人民共和國(guó)萬(wàn)歲！專題八專題八 正面解讀正面解讀2021/8/6411. 【誤】 The streets are all dry; it mustnt have rained last night. 【正】 The streets are all dry; it cant have rained last night. 【解析】 對(duì)某一事實(shí)的否定推測(cè)不能用must，而要用

38、cant 或couldnt表示“不可能”。專題八專題八 反面解讀反面解讀反面解讀2021/8/6422 【誤】 I didnt see Mary at the meeting yesterday. She might be ill, I guess. 【正】 I didnt see Mary at the meeting yesterday. She might have been ill, I guess. 【解析】 猜的事情發(fā)生在昨天，因此要用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done形式，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是be時(shí)，很容易忽略它的時(shí)態(tài)意義，要特別留意。3 【誤】 He must be very friendly a

39、t times. 【正】 He can be very friendly at times. 【解析】 句意為：他有時(shí)會(huì)很友好?？芍颂幉⒎菍?duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測(cè)，而是一種理論上的可能性，因此用can。專題八專題八 反面解讀反面解讀2021/8/6434 【誤】 I cant find my keys. I may/might forget them on the playground yesterday. 【正】 I cant find my keys. I may/might have left them on the playground yesterday. 【解析】 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推

40、測(cè)，通常用must/may/might have done sth. 另外，表示“把忘記在某地”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞leave。專題八專題八 反面解讀反面解讀2021/8/6445 【誤】 The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone could get out. 【正】 The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone was able to get out. 【解析】 表示在過(guò)去成功地做到了某事，肯定句中通常用was/were able to do sth.。專題八專題八 反

41、面解讀反面解讀2021/8/6456 【誤】 Will I open the window for you?【正】 Shall I open the window for you?【解析】 shall與第一、第三人稱連用，表示征求意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求指示，這時(shí)不可用will。will通常與第二人稱連用，即Will you？7 【誤】 The plant is dead. Maybe I should give more water. 【正】 The plant is dead. Maybe I should have given more water. 【解析】 根據(jù)第一句可知，植物已經(jīng)死亡，所以應(yīng)該是

42、自責(zé)：本應(yīng)該多澆些水的。要用should have done形式表示“本應(yīng)該做而未做”。專題八專題八 反面解讀反面解讀2021/8/6468 【誤】 Hadnt they saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river. 【正】 Had they not saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river. 【正】 If they had not saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river. 【解析

43、】 當(dāng)條件中含有were, had, should等時(shí)，可省略if，從而把were, had, should提到主語(yǔ)之前。若條件句為否定句，則只把were, had, should提前，not仍放在主語(yǔ)之后。專題八專題八 反面解讀反面解讀2021/8/6479 【誤】 If only I saw the film yesterday. 【正】 If only I had seen the film yesterday. 【解析】 if only后句子若表示過(guò)去的一種愿望，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成式，即if only sb. had done sth. 。專題八專題八 反面解讀反面解讀2021/8

44、/6481 Everyone in my class passed the exam. Oh，really？It _ difficult. Acant have been Bneednt have beenCmust be Dmightnt be【解析】 A考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。表示否定的推測(cè)應(yīng)使用 cant /cannot。對(duì)過(guò)去進(jìn)行推測(cè)，表示“一定不”應(yīng)使用 cant have done。句意為：“我們班上每個(gè)人都通過(guò)了考試?！薄芭?，真的嗎？那題目一定不難。”專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/6492 2009安徽卷 Some people who dont like to ta

45、lk much are not necessarily shy；they _ just be quiet people.Amust Bmay Cshould Dwould【解析】 B句意為：有些人不喜歡講話不一定是害羞，他們可能是安靜的人。此處用may表示“可能”之意。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/6503 Why didnt you answer the phone last night? I _ when you called. Ahad to have sleptBhad to be sleepingCmust have been sleepingDmust have sl

46、ept【解析】 C由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)合語(yǔ)境來(lái)看，這是對(duì)過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)，再結(jié)合題意，應(yīng)該是must have been doing結(jié)構(gòu)，選C。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/6514 When I lived with my roommates in the university, we _ often talk into the night. Amight Bmust Cshould Dwould【解析】 D這里描述的是過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(或過(guò)去經(jīng)常做的事情)。e.g. After dinner, he would sit around Grandpa, list

47、ening to his stories.專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/6525 This is the first time I _ my first picture with my own hands. It is time that you _ a picture for me. Atook; took Bhave taken; tookCtook; will take Dwill take; have taken【解析】 BThis/It is the first time that中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在完成式；Its (high) time that中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

48、詞通常用一般過(guò)去式(即虛擬語(yǔ)氣)，意為“該是做的時(shí)候了”。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/6536 Why hasnt Jack come back yet？_anything have happened to him?Im not sure, but I guess something _. AMay；must have BCan；may haveCMust；may DDare；might have【解析】 B考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。在一般疑問(wèn)句或特殊疑問(wèn)句中表推測(cè)時(shí)常用can或could，推測(cè)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后要接完成式，只能選B。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/654

49、7It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it_ be rather cold sometimes. Amust Bcan Cshould Dwould【解析】 Bcan用在肯定句中可以指“有時(shí)會(huì)，可能會(huì)”，表示客觀情況或邏輯上的可能性。句意為：三月份在我們家鄉(xiāng)通常比較暖和，但有時(shí)也會(huì)非常冷。8 Liza_ well not want to go on the trip she hates traveling. Awill Bcan Cmust Dmay【解析】 Dmay well (not) do sth.意為“很可能(不)干某事，完全

50、(沒(méi))有可能干某事”。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/6559 Look at the floor, Tom！_you watch TV while having a meal?AShould BCouldCWould DMust【解析】 DMust 表示與說(shuō)話人愿望相反或不耐煩“非得、偏要”。如：Must you make so much noise？你就非得弄出這么大聲嗎？專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/65610The soccer team has been doing well this season，so they _ win the championshi

51、p. Ashould Bmight Cwould Dmust【解析】 A本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 句意為：這個(gè)足球隊(duì)在這個(gè)季度訓(xùn)練得很好，因此，他們應(yīng)該會(huì)贏得冠軍。 根據(jù)常理進(jìn)行推測(cè)表示“應(yīng)該”時(shí)用should。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/65711When the ship sailed out from Thailand, the 16 sailors on board _ that only half of them would return again. Awill never think Bcan never thinkCneednt have thought Dcould

52、nt have thought【解析】 D考查“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成式”的用法。根據(jù)句意“當(dāng)這艘輪船從泰國(guó)駛出的時(shí)候，船上的16名船員不會(huì)想到他們當(dāng)中只有一半的人會(huì)返回”可知，這里表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的否定推測(cè)，選D。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/65812 What does the sign over there read? No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area. Awill Bshall Cmay Dmust【解析】 B考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法。答句句意為：任何人在這里都不能吸煙或者是攜帶點(diǎn)燃的香煙。Shal

53、l在這里表示強(qiáng)制， 用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中，意為“必須，應(yīng)該”。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/65913Its hard to believe that such a greedy man_ donate so much to the Project Hope. Amay Bneed Ccan Dshall【解析】 C考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法。句意為：這么貪婪的人竟能為希望工程捐出這么多錢，真是難以置信！Can在這里表示驚訝、不相信，意為“居然會(huì)，竟能”。How can you be so careless! Should也可以表示說(shuō)話人的感情色彩，如驚奇、憤怒、失望等，意為“竟然

54、” 。E.g.Im surprised they should refuse our invitation.專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/66014For environmental reasons，we _ as well take these waste products and have them recycled. Ashould Bwould Cmight Dcould【解析】 C考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 所填詞與as well構(gòu)成固定搭配，意思是“不妨 ，還是 為好”用may/might，選C。E.g. Its too late. You might as well not g

55、o.15We _ here at lunch time; we were delayed at the airport, though. Acould be Bshould beCmust have been Dwould have been【解析】 Dwould have done sth.表示與已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事實(shí)相反，意思是“本來(lái)會(huì)但實(shí)際沒(méi)有”。句意為：我們本來(lái)能在午餐時(shí)到達(dá)，但我們?cè)跈C(jī)場(chǎng)被延誤了。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/66116 Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Guangzhou this morning. Really？He _ the 9：00

56、 train. Its much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. Acould have taken Bshould takeCmust have taken Dcan take【解析】 A考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。 上句表示珍妮已乘坐8點(diǎn)的汽車去了廣州。答句句意為：她本可以坐9點(diǎn)的火車去的，坐火車舒服得多，安全得多。 “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could完成式”表示“本來(lái)可以，而實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有那么做”。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/662172010四川卷 _ I take the book out?Im afraid not. AWill

57、 BMay CMust DNeed【解析】 B考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。表請(qǐng)求可用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, could, might ,表允許用can/may,用于一般疑問(wèn)句，表示請(qǐng)求。句意為： “我可以將這本書(shū)帶出去嗎？” “恐怕不行”。故應(yīng)選表請(qǐng)求的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may。正確答案為B。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/663182010安徽卷 Jack described his father，who _ a brave boy many years ago，as a strongwilled man. Awould be Bwould have beenCmust be Dmust h

58、ave been【解析】 D考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：杰克把他父親描寫成一個(gè)有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志的人，他很多年前就一定是一個(gè)勇敢的男孩。根據(jù)many years ago可知，是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)。would have been多用于條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/664192010浙江卷 Had I known about this computer program， a huge amount of time and energy _. Awould have been saved Bhad been savedCwill be saved Dwas saved【解析】 A本

59、題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)Had I known提示，可知此句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，且與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故主句謂語(yǔ)用would have done的形式。此外本句還是被動(dòng)，選A。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/665202010湖南卷 You _ buy a gift，but you can if you want to. Amust BmustntChave to Ddont have to【解析】 D考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。dont have to意為“沒(méi)有必要”，符合語(yǔ)境。句意為：你沒(méi)有必要買禮物，但如果你想買的話，你也可以買。專題八專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2021/8/666212010陜西卷 May

60、 I take this book out of the reading room? No，you_. You read it in here. Amightnt Bwont Cneednt Dmustnt【解析】 D本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。表示“禁止；千萬(wàn)別做某事”時(shí)，要用mustnt。222010江西卷 I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?AMust BCan CMay DWill【解析】 A考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。must在此意為“必須嗎？非得嗎？” ,句意為：前半句說(shuō)我告訴你事實(shí)了, 這里用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), 表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在