高中英語時(shí)間狀語從句講解

1、高中英語時(shí)間狀語從句講解狀語從句什么是狀語：句子中修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞等的句子成分叫狀語，用來從地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目 的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較、方式和伴隨狀況等方面修飾說明謂語。e.g. He speaks English very well.（副詞作狀語）e.g. He is playing under the tree.（介詞短語作狀語）e.g. I come specially to see you .（不定式作狀語）e.g. If I am not busy tomorrowwill play football with you.（從何作狀語）e.g. Having had a quar

2、rel with his wife,he left home in a bad temper.分詞作狀語）狀語從句：狀語從句就是在復(fù)合句里起狀語作用的從句，可以表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、比較、方式、條件等。引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞叫做從屬連詞。 狀語從句的位置可以在句首，也可以在旬末。放在句首時(shí)，從句后面常用逗號 與主句隔開；放在旬末時(shí)，從句前面往往不用逗號。If it ' s fine tomorrow, I will go with you.I will go with you if it' s fine tomorrow.狀語從句分類：1、時(shí)間狀語從句2、地點(diǎn)狀語

3、從句3、原因狀語從句4、目的狀語從句5、結(jié)果狀語從句6、條件狀語從句7、讓步狀語從句8、比較狀語從句9、方式狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句從屬連詞：when, while, as, before, after, till/until, since, whenever, as soon as（一就）時(shí)態(tài)：主將從現(xiàn)，主情從現(xiàn)，主祈從現(xiàn)一、When/while/as （當(dāng)一時(shí)候）區(qū)別：主句動(dòng)作與從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間（同時(shí)/之前/之后）；從句動(dòng)詞（延續(xù)性 /瞬時(shí)性）1) When:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)表示 當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候"，when既可以指時(shí)間段也可指 時(shí)間點(diǎn),從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞又可用瞬間性動(dòng)詞，且

4、動(dòng)作既用和豐句的動(dòng) 作同時(shí)發(fā)生又可在主句的動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。且when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中一般用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來（主將從現(xiàn)）。e.g. I will call you when I get there.e.g. When I came home my wife was cooking dinner.e.g. I will go home when the rain stops.e.g. When I got to the airport, the guests had left.A)如果when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的主語與主句主語相同，而從句的謂語又 是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，那么從句中的主語和 be可以

5、省略;e.g. When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help.B)當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的主語與主句主語相同時(shí)，往往還可以省略 從句的主語并用“ when分詞”的形式替代該狀語從句。e.g. When I came into the room (二When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep.2) Whilewhile引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)表示當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)持續(xù)地進(jìn)行.用于這一用法時(shí)while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句和主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，或者

6、強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)牛在從句動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行過程 中，此時(shí)主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。記住，從句中始終是延續(xù)性 動(dòng)詞一旦叢句多用.進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)2一 (while還可以表示對比，譯成“然而”,放在句 首可以表示“雖然”)e.g. I met her while I was at school.e.g. While I was sleeping, the UFO arrived.e.g. We were doing our homework while it was raining outside.e.g. Study while you study; play while you play.3) As

7、as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)表示 “當(dāng)時(shí)”(只引導(dǎo)瞬間性動(dòng)詞，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是 緊密聯(lián)系的，一前一后進(jìn)行)，“一邊一邊”，側(cè)重表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同 時(shí)發(fā)生(包括一個(gè)主語同時(shí)進(jìn)行兩個(gè)動(dòng)作)，“隨著”，一種動(dòng)作隨著另一種 動(dòng)作的變化而變化從句中只能接延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。e.g. He jumps as he goes along.e.g. As the wind rose the noise increased.When, while , as 辨析】三者均可以表示 當(dāng)時(shí)候”，如果主句表示的是短暫性動(dòng)作，而從句表 示的是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作(主短從延)，三者可以通用。I met Mr Li as / when / while I wa

8、s walking along the street.(1) While意為 在期間”，從句的謂語必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。The plane had left when we got to the airport.(2)表示帶有規(guī)律性的 每當(dāng)”，或者主從句動(dòng)作有先后時(shí)，都只能用 when.When winter comes, it becomes cold.(3)表示 隨著”時(shí)間的推移，主從句的內(nèi)容是兩種變化的情況，只能用 as.As the day went on, the weather got worse.(4)強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作延續(xù)到從句所指的整個(gè)時(shí)間，只能用 while.【鞏固練習(xí)】1) I h

9、ad just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel I heard the steps.A. while B. whenC. since D. after2) He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears.A. whyB. where C. when D. while3) We were swimming in the lake suddenly the storm started.A. whe

10、n B. while C. untilD. before4) I'm going to the post office.you ' re there, can you get me some stamps?A. AsB. While C. Because D. If5) I along the street looking for a place to park when the accidentA. went; was occurringB. went; occurredC. was going; occurredD. was going; had occurred答案BCA

11、BC、Before/afterbefore引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從何動(dòng)作之前，常翻譯為在”之前”，“才”或“就”。e.g. See me before you leave.e.g. Before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從何時(shí)表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從何動(dòng)作之后e.g. I saw them after I arrived.e.g. I found his pen after he has left.【鞏固練習(xí)】He was told that it

12、would be at least three more months he could recover andreturn to work.A. when B. before C. since D. thatIt was some time we realized the truth.A. when B. until C. since D. before三、Till/until/not until1、肯定句：till和until這兩個(gè)詞作連詞和介詞時(shí)的意義和用法相同，一般可 以換用（放在句首時(shí)通常用until的形式，till在口語中更為常見）。主句的謂語 動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性的，表示 到為止”，

13、 直到才（開始）”。e.g. Walk till you come to a white house.e.g. We didn ' t discuss the problem until he came back.2、否定句：Notuntil,主句的謂語動(dòng)詞則為短暫性的，表示 直到才”，若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上下文可表示“沒有到”He didn ' t wait until/ till I returned1沒有等到我回來。not until的三種用法：1）用在句中的基本用法e.g. He did not appear until the concert ended.

14、2）與that搭配的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)e.g. It was not until the concert ended that he appeared.3）用于句首的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)主句倒裝e.g. Not until the concert ended did he appeared.【鞏固練習(xí)】1） It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life we' ve actually hadA. until B. after C. since D. when2） A good storyteller must be able to hold his lis

15、teners' curiosity he reend of the story.A. when B. unless C. after D. until3） I don ' t really work here; I until the new secretary arrives.A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out四、SinceSince引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句表示 自從以來”，需注意以下兩1）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，一般指的是從過去的某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)以來”的概

16、念，表示動(dòng)作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句用完成時(shí)。e.g. I have never seen him again since he left here.e.g. They have been friends ever since they were in school.2）若表示到過去某一時(shí)間前的情況，則主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。通搭配為it was+時(shí)間段+since過去完成時(shí)或it is+時(shí)間段+since過去時(shí)e.g. It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.e.g. It was three y

17、ears since we had been there.3）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞相反翻譯，瞬間性動(dòng)詞正常翻譯It is three years since I smoked a cigar.我不抽煙三年了。It is three years since I left there.我離開那里已經(jīng)三年了?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】1) They friends since they met in Shanghai.A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned2) What was the party like? Wonderful. It ' s been 2 years I enjoyed myself so much.A. afterB. beforeC. when D. since五、 “一就” as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment,the minute, the instant, no sooner than, hardly/ scarcelywhen和 once1