英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)發(fā)音規(guī)則匯總情況

1、實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文案文檔大全首 標(biāo)1、音素：音素是英語(yǔ)中最小的語(yǔ)音單位，英語(yǔ)中有 48個(gè)音素，其 中元音20個(gè)，輔音28個(gè)。2、音標(biāo)：是記錄音素的符號(hào)，用于區(qū)別字母，因而需加”或3、48個(gè)音標(biāo)一 J 口； 5e U u 口; o田e a a: 元音TL ei oil mi ia ea ue au aur fl固J s z rL fV11n H 似 uh 回blrnnlMrrlr r口 Md4、開音節(jié)：以元音字母結(jié)尾或以輔音字母加不發(fā)音的 e結(jié)尾的單詞, 叫開音節(jié)單詞。在開音節(jié)單詞中，元音字母發(fā)它本身的音。5、重音：讀單詞時(shí)總有一個(gè)響亮的音節(jié)叫重讀音節(jié)，以"”來標(biāo)記。6、句子重讀：一般原則：有

2、句子重讀的是名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、 數(shù)詞、副詞、感嘆詞等。關(guān)鍵性原則：在一定場(chǎng)景下傳遞新信息的 關(guān)鍵詞要重讀。7、連讀：同一句群中，前一詞以輔音音素結(jié)尾，后一詞以元音音素 開頭，在語(yǔ)流中將這兩個(gè)音素合拼在一起讀，這種現(xiàn)象叫“連讀”。字母或字母組合在重讀音節(jié)或非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音A）元音字母在單詞中的讀音兒曰字母以日說明例詞a/ei/在重讀開音節(jié)中name, make, plane, grade, cake, date, page, safe, face, gate/e/在ny前any, many, anyone, anything由在重讀閉首節(jié)中map, fat, sad, back, hand,

3、 catch, hat, bad, glad, black, thank, act在w或wh后wash, want, watch, what/a:/在 s, ss, st 前past, flash, last, glass, pass, class, basket/:/在w后偶爾發(fā)回”water愴Xar分開發(fā)音Mary, parent旬在非重讀音節(jié)中another, along, asleep, away, among, around在三營(yíng)重讀音節(jié)中 village, comrade, palace兒曰字母以日說明例詞在重讀開音節(jié)中me, be, we, he, she, these, Chi

4、nesee/e/在重讀閉首節(jié)中g(shù)et, rest, mend, next, left, then, help, wet, forget, dress, sell, spelli卻er分開發(fā)音zero/a/在非重讀音節(jié)中open, moment, September在非重讀音節(jié)中ticket, begin, behind, cinema,betweeni(y)/ai/在重讀開音節(jié)中time, drive, ride, knife, wife, smile, why, sky, dry, try, fly, spy, July/i/在重讀閉首節(jié)中hit, ill, lift, kill, twin

5、, drink, pick, ship, wind, thin, ship, physics/i:/在重讀開音節(jié)中police, machine在非重讀音節(jié)中April, holiday, beautiful在非重讀音節(jié)中office, instead, finish, city, family, reallyo/au；在重讀開音節(jié)中g(shù)o, ago, nose, hope, whole, alone, hole, phone, smoke, joke0在重讀閉首節(jié)中clock, sock, shop, dog, cross,cock, bottle, knock, song, strongiN

6、在 m, n, v, th前l(fā)ove, son, some, mother, other心/woman/u:/在某些重讀節(jié)中move, lose, who, whose/m/one, once在非重讀音節(jié)中today, tomorrow, together, second在非重讀音節(jié)中onto, intou/ju:/在重讀音節(jié)中use, student, duty, excuse, music在重讀閉首節(jié)中but, cut, up, nut, duck, luck, lunch, sunny也/在重讀閉首節(jié)中put, pull, push, fullAV在重讀開音節(jié)中June, ruler在個(gè)

7、別單詞中busy, business/a/在非重讀音節(jié)中AugustB）輔音字母在單詞中的讀音輔音字母以日例詞輔音字母以日例詞b/b/busP/p/mapc/s/niceq一不單獨(dú)發(fā)音/k/cupr/r/redd/d/days/s/yesf/f/fly/z/pleaseggate小sure獨(dú)，orangeusuallyh/h/het/t/catj，奴jeepv/v/livek/k/kitew/w/wayl/l/latex/ks/nextm/m/my3examplen/n/niney/j/year0unclez/z/zero重點(diǎn)輔音字母讀音講解:n在單詞中的讀音n在一般情況下發(fā)/n/ 。如：ki

8、nd, need, soon 等。電后面為鋪音音素爾/,也，時(shí)發(fā)Ay。如；think/inkA hungrWhnneW, uncl»*口同詹該規(guī)則不 包括加前綴皿，構(gòu)成的單詞.如：imchan/XnklrrVl不清潔的）等。S在單詞中的讀音s在單詞開頭通常讀/s/。如：sit, stop 等。s后面的輔音字母發(fā)清輔音時(shí)讀/s/。如：desk, past, question,mistake 等。以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，s前的輔音字母發(fā)清輔音時(shí)，詞尾s讀/s/。如：clocks, shops 等。ss在單詞中讀/s/ 。如pass, lesson 等。s在兩個(gè)元音音素之間常讀/z/。如：mu

9、sic/ ' mju:zik/,visit/ ' vizit/ 等。s后面是濁輔音時(shí)讀臣府 如，husband/hAzband/, Eetson/i ： zrVc加s構(gòu)成的復(fù)數(shù)名詞及單數(shù)第三人稱動(dòng)詞形式中，s前面為濁輔音或元音時(shí)，s 讀/z/ 。如：bags, plays, blows, rulers 等。以SU開頭的極少數(shù)單詞中，3常讀/如：sute/fua/, sugar/ Juga/H>臺(tái)讀出/僅限于usually, pleasure等極少數(shù)單詞中C）元音字母組合在單詞中的讀音這類字母組合通常有兩個(gè)元音字母組成，其中的元音字母組合有的只發(fā)一種音，有的發(fā)兩種或兩種以上

10、的音。兒日子 "組合以日說明例詞ea/i:/在重讀音節(jié)中team, clean, sea, tea, east, cheap, easy, speak, season, read/e/在重讀音節(jié)中head, bread, ready, weather, health/a/在重讀音節(jié)中idea, real, really/ei/在重讀音節(jié)中g(shù)reat, breakai/ei/在個(gè)別重讀音節(jié)詞中train, rain wait, waiter/e/在重讀音節(jié)中said, says/i/在非重讀音節(jié)中mounLein/hi auntin/lLlee/i:/在重讀音節(jié)中see, bee, f

11、ree, sheep, feel, meet, need, green, asleepey/ei/在重讀音節(jié)中they, hey, obey（遵守）/i:/在個(gè)別重讀音節(jié)詞中key/i/在非重讀音節(jié)中monkey, moneyeo/i:/在重讀音節(jié)中peopleei/i:/在重讀音節(jié)中receive/ri ' si:v/ （收至U）/ei/在字母組合eigh中eight, eighteen, weighou/au/在重讀音節(jié)中g(shù)round, round, around, out, mouse, blouseW在重讀音節(jié)中young, country, touch, enough,dou

12、ble/u:/在個(gè)別重讀音節(jié)詞中g(shù)roup悶在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中could, should, wouldue/u:/e不發(fā)音blue/e/u不發(fā)音guess兒曰字母組合以日說明例詞oo/u:/詞尾或詞中zoo, soon, food, cool, tooth,noon, foolAJ/在k或d前cook, look, took, good, foot, woodw|在l和d之間BlmWblAd/ （血）oa/eu/在重讀音節(jié)中coat, goat, boatoy/oi/在重讀音節(jié)中boy, enjoy, joy, toyoi/3i/|在重讀音節(jié)中toilet, oil（油）ie/e/i不發(fā)音frien

13、d/i:/在重讀音節(jié)中field, piece, thief（賊）/a is/在個(gè)別單詞中quiet/ai/在詞尾lie, die, tieau/：/在重讀音節(jié)中autumn, daughter, August27在個(gè)別重讀音節(jié)詞中auntay/ei/在重讀音節(jié)中today, away, stay, may, say, play/i/在非重讀音節(jié)中Monday, Sundayui/u:/在重讀音節(jié)中fruitoe/u:/位于詞尾shoeiofaiol在重讀音節(jié)中pioneeruy/ai/重讀音節(jié)，詞尾buyye/ai/重讀音節(jié)，詞尾byeD）輔音字母組合在單詞中的讀音這類字母組合通常有兩個(gè)輔音

14、字母組成，大部分輔音字母組合只有一種讀音，有少數(shù)輔音字母組合有兩種或兩種以上讀音。輔首字"組合以日說明例詞ch羽，大部分單詞中which, lunch, chair, China, teach/k/在少數(shù)單詞中school, chemistry/ ' kemistri/（化學(xué)）小在個(gè)別單詞中machineck/k/位于詞尾clock, back, black輔首字"組合以日說明例詞ng在詞尾sing, song, bring, seeing在詞中English, hungry, angry, strongersh加在詞首、詞中或詞尾shall, fishing, f

15、inish, washPh/f/一般在詞首phone, photo,physics/ ' fiziks/（物理）wh/h/后為。時(shí)who, whose, whole/w/后為其它兀音字母時(shí)when, which, why, wheregh/f/一般在詞尾laugh, enough, coughth在詞尾或以th開頭的名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞中both, tooth, fifth, south, thing, think, thick, third/e/在ther中及代詞、冠詞、連詞或副詞中another, feather, them, with, than, thenwr/r/在詞首w

16、rite, wrong, writerkn/n/在詞首know, knife, Inowledge/holicfe/知識(shí)）tch用/catch, match, watchdr/dr/一般位于詞首drive, dry, dress, drinktr/tr/一般位于詞首tree, truck, train, trousersds/dz/一般在詞尾beds, finds, handsts/ts/一般在詞尾students, lets, boats, cats, wantsE）元、輔音字母組合在單詞中的讀音這類字母組合有兩類：一類是一個(gè)或兩個(gè)元音字母與r組合, 構(gòu)成-r音節(jié)或-re音節(jié)。這是主要一類元

17、輔音字母組合。另一類是一個(gè)元音字母與除r以外的某個(gè)輔音字母組合。這類元輔音字母組合數(shù)量很少。兀、輔旨字母組合以日說明例詞ar重讀音節(jié)中far, park, card, party, hard,start, March, farther, hardly （幾乎不）在w后warm, war, warn（ 警告），quarter/a/非重讀音節(jié)中popular, similar/aV重讀音節(jié)中her, term, certainly, preferer非重讀音節(jié)中farmer, worker, writer, letter,waiter兀、輔首字母組合讀音說明例詞ir市八重讀音節(jié)中g(shù)irl, shi

18、rt, dirtyfirst, third, bird,or由4重讀音節(jié)中short, sport, horse, born, north7a:/在w后work, word, world, worse, worst73/非重讀音節(jié)q中doctor, visitor（游客）ur尼丁重讀音節(jié)中turn, hurt（受傷），Thursday,purple, purseare掄at重讀音節(jié)中care, careful, hareear,/ia/重讀音節(jié)中near, hear, clear, dear, nearly7a:/重讀音節(jié)中early, earth, learn, heard少數(shù)詞中tear,

19、 pear, bear（ 熊）/a：/個(gè)別詞中heartere/tea；重讀音節(jié)中where, there重讀音節(jié)中hereore由4重讀音節(jié)中before, more, scoreire/fella/重讀音節(jié)中tired, hire（雇用），fire （火）eer/ia；重讀音節(jié)中deer （鹿），pioneerure重讀音節(jié)中sure/3/非重讀音節(jié)中pleasure, picture, treasure（貝才寶）eiriBBi重讀音節(jié)中theirairjtee/重讀音節(jié)中chair, hair, pair, fair（金色的）our由4重讀音節(jié)中four, fourth, course,

20、 pour（倒；灌注）/Sus，重讀音節(jié)中hour73/非重讀音節(jié)中colouroorTH賣口/door, floor個(gè)別詞中pooral由4TH賣call, walk, talk, tall, small/：!/以al開頭的副詞also, always, already, almost個(gè)別詞中half兀、輔旨字母組合讀音說明例詞ow重讀或非重讀音節(jié)中slow, blow, show, snow, throw,window, yellow,borrow,tomorrow恰S重讀音節(jié)中now, how, cow, down, brownewyju：/讀/ju:/few, knew, news,

21、newspaperTur/不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式中threw, drew, flew, grew/eu/個(gè)別詞中sew（縫紉）tion“an，一讀仃3H/station, dictionary, operationAfarV在s后questionaw重讀音節(jié)中draw, law （法律）dge阿只有g(shù)發(fā)音bridge, fridge, judge（法官）igh/si/只有i發(fā)音light, night, bright, fight, highough只有ou發(fā)音bought, brought, thoughtaugh只有au發(fā)音daughter, taught, caughtindZaincK二個(gè)字

22、母都發(fā)音kind, find, mind, behindold二個(gè)字母都發(fā)音sold, told, cold, holdF）不發(fā)音的字母和字母組合英語(yǔ)單詞的讀音和拼寫形式雖然聯(lián)系緊密，但并不是完全對(duì)應(yīng)的，有很多單詞中的某一字母或幾個(gè)字母不發(fā)音。 單詞不發(fā)音的字母中，既有元音字母或字母組合，也有輔音字母或字母組合。不發(fā)音的字母或字母組合給拼寫單詞帶來了一定的困難，但也不是無(wú)規(guī)律可循的。請(qǐng)看下表：不發(fā)音的字母“字母組合說明例詞e以e結(jié)尾的相對(duì)開音節(jié)詞rice, nose中o構(gòu)成成音節(jié)的-son中l(wèi)esson, season, personugu在詞首時(shí)guessea在個(gè)別詞中beautifulue

23、gue在詞尾時(shí)dialogue, league不發(fā)音的字母或字母組合說明例詞b在詞尾且其前面為字母m時(shí)climb, tomb/tu:m/ 墳?zāi)筭詞尾為gn時(shí)sign, foreignkkn在詞開頭時(shí)know, knifenmn在詞尾時(shí)autumngh在i, ou, au 后面時(shí)light, night, thought, daughterl在ould或個(gè)別含al的詞中could, would, halfc在含tch的詞中catch, watch, matchd在含dge的詞中bridge, fridgewwr位于詞首時(shí)write, wrong其它ss, rr, ff, mm 只發(fā)一個(gè)字母的音lesson, worry, bell, office, swimminganswer, hour, island,Wednesday含同一種讀音的字母和字母組合按元音音素歸納元音字母及字母組合例 詞元音字母及字母組合例 詞門"ebe/uitwinetheseiliveeesheepeEnglisheateamowomeniepieceubusyipolicemanysydneyeopeopleuibuildeykey國(guó)aglad/e/erestahaveeahead/u:/uruleriefriendomoveamanyueblue元音字母及字母組合例 詞元音字母及