城市社會(huì)保障論文：城市社會(huì)保障健康保障醫(yī)療救助貧困人口

1、城市社會(huì)保障論文：城市社會(huì)保障健康保障醫(yī)療救助貧困人口【中文摘要】20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，隨著我國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的逐步加深，我國(guó)社會(huì)開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)了結(jié)構(gòu)分化。一方面,經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長(zhǎng)為居民生活奠定基礎(chǔ)的同時(shí)；一方面，居民收入分配差距持續(xù)擴(kuò)大、社會(huì)公平問(wèn)題凸現(xiàn)，城市貧困問(wèn)題也成了新的“時(shí)代”特征,開(kāi)始被人們廣泛關(guān)注。我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段城市貧困的劇增，既與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和增長(zhǎng)的初始條件有關(guān),更與體制改革和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型有關(guān)。由于貧困人口經(jīng)濟(jì)承受力與健康狀況的脆弱，使得其對(duì)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)資源的可得性及可及性變得很差。面對(duì)由重大疾病產(chǎn)生的高額醫(yī)療費(fèi)用，作為社會(huì)保障安全網(wǎng)的最后一道防線，我國(guó)當(dāng)前城市醫(yī)療救助制度的大范圍試點(diǎn)和快速發(fā)

2、展有效地提高了貧困人口衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的可及性，緩解了貧困人口“看病難、看病貴”的問(wèn)題，受到了社會(huì)的普遍歡迎?？捎捎谖覈?guó)的醫(yī)療救助制度仍然處于摸索與實(shí)驗(yàn)階段，各醫(yī)療救助試點(diǎn)普遍面臨著救助項(xiàng)目單一、救助病種偏窄、資金使用率低等問(wèn)題。而與全國(guó)眾多城市相比,西城區(qū)在醫(yī)療救助政策與方案實(shí)施方面，有很多得天獨(dú)厚的優(yōu)勢(shì)。西城區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)的高速發(fā)展，為醫(yī)療救助領(lǐng)先建設(shè)打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。比如,西城經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力比較強(qiáng)，良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)讓西城有能力建立一套“覆蓋全民共享”的醫(yī)療救助機(jī)制。因此，本文通過(guò)收集文獻(xiàn)和實(shí)證訪談資料，分析和研究了國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)行醫(yī)療救助制度的模式并分析了北京市經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)西城區(qū)醫(yī)療救助模式，對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家及發(fā)展中

3、國(guó)家城市貧困人口醫(yī)療救助的具體措施做了總結(jié)，旨在借助分析西城區(qū)醫(yī)療救助及各國(guó)醫(yī)療救助的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提出發(fā)展和完善我國(guó)城市醫(yī)療救助制度需要注意的對(duì)策與建議。在此基礎(chǔ)上，強(qiáng)調(diào)救助主體應(yīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)多元化，以社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心為運(yùn)行平臺(tái)，擴(kuò)大醫(yī)療救助的覆蓋面,開(kāi)展綜合醫(yī)療救助的模式，形成以國(guó)家財(cái)政資金為主、社會(huì)資金籌集為補(bǔ)充的城市醫(yī)療救助的總體發(fā)展思路，從而保證城市醫(yī)療救助發(fā)展策略順利得實(shí)施，切實(shí)幫助陷人醫(yī)療困境的城市貧困人口。【英文摘要】Sineethe90softhe20thcentury,asChian'smarketecono-myreformgraduallydeepened,thestruc

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6、ordiseases,asthelastlineofdefenseoftheso-cialsecuritysafety,large-scalepilotandtherapiddevelopmentofChina'scurrenturbanmedicalaidsystemeffectivelyimprovesthepoorhealthservices'accessibility,easesthepoor's“medicaldifficultandexpensive”problem,andbedisagreedbythesocietyingeneral.Butduetoth

7、emedicalassistaneesysteminChinaisstillattheexploratoryandexperimentalstage,themedicalaidas-sistaneepilotprojectsgenerallyfacesasingle,narrowaiddis-ease,theuseoffoudsrateandotherissues.Comparedwiththeothercitiesinthecountry,therearemanyuniqueadvantagesinthemedicalassistaneepolicyandprogramimplementat

8、ionoftheXichengDistrictofBeiJing.XichengDistrict'seconomy,therapiddevelopmentofsociety,bothleadingtoconstructionofmed-icalaidhaslaidagoodfoundition.Forexample,XichengDistricthasrelativelystrongeconomicbasis,itmakesXichengDistricthavetheabilitytocreatea“sharingofuniversalcoverage”medi-calaidmechanism.Therefore,bycollectinginformationofliteratureandinter-views,thisarticleanalyzesandstudiesthenationalmedicalassis-taneesystemmodelandgeneralissues,andcomparat