M3-U3主謂一致

1、主謂一致主謂一致學(xué)前診斷學(xué)前診斷1.Tom and Jack _ to Hongkong next week. A. is going B. are going C. go D.goes2.Linda together with her friends _ shopping every Sunday afternoon. A.is going B. go C. goes D. are going3.There _ a pair of glasses on the desk, which is made in Taiwan. A.being B.are C. is D.to be4.Either

2、 you or Tim _ going to attend the meeting. A. are B. is C. to be D.will be在英語句子里,謂語受主語支配,謂語動(dòng)詞必須和主語在人稱和數(shù)量上保持一致,這就叫主謂一致主謂一致的定義主謂一致的定義5. Every means _ tried but without much result.A. has been B. have been C. are D. is定義定義:謂語要和謂語要和主語主語在人稱和數(shù)量上保持一致。在人稱和數(shù)量上保持一致。1, 語法語法一致原則一致原則2, 意義意義一致原則一致原則3, 就近就近一致原則一致原

3、則三原則三原則語法語法一致原則一致原則1.單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞 The food they served _ (be) delicious. 2.動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞, 不定式或從句不定式或從句 Skating in winter _ (be) great fun. To see _(be) to believe. That he is absent _(worry) all his family. Reading books and watching TV (be) my hobbies. 3. a large quantity（amount) of +名詞名詞 A large

4、amount of water _ what I need now.isisisworriesis多個(gè)多個(gè)動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞和和不定式不定式做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)are主語從句作主語主語從句作主語, 其謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)其謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問題數(shù)問題: 一個(gè)概念的兩方面作主語一個(gè)概念的兩方面作主語, 謂語用單數(shù)謂語用單數(shù); 兩個(gè)概念則用復(fù)數(shù)兩個(gè)概念則用復(fù)數(shù). Eg: 1)Where and when we shall have the sports meeting _ (be) still unknown. 2)Where we shall have the sports meeti

5、ng and who will be responsible for it _ (be) still unknown.isare4.不定代詞作主語不定代詞作主語(any-, some-, every-, no-)口訣口訣不定代詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用不定代詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用 .除了除了 and .bothall三單三單Either of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.isBoth of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.are任意一個(gè)兩者都注意注意 neither 和和 none 往往根據(jù)說話人的意思

6、往往根據(jù)說話人的意思, 單復(fù)數(shù)都可以單復(fù)數(shù)都可以. 但但指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)只能用單數(shù)指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)只能用單數(shù). Neither of the shirts fit/fits me very well. None of them knows/know the answer. None of this money _ mine.ismore than a：多于一多于一，不止一，不止一more than one + 單單n ,謂語動(dòng)詞用謂語動(dòng)詞用 .單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)More than two friends (have) cars.havemore than two + 復(fù)復(fù)n ,謂語動(dòng)詞用謂語動(dòng)詞

7、用 .不止一個(gè)不止一個(gè)不止兩個(gè)，兩個(gè)以上不止兩個(gè)，兩個(gè)以上More than one worker_(be) going to lose_ (his,their) jobs. istheir5. more than one + 單數(shù)名詞（不止一單數(shù)名詞（不止一）”，“many a(許多許多)”雖然表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，但謂語動(dòng)詞與單數(shù)名詞保持雖然表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，但謂語動(dòng)詞與單數(shù)名詞保持一致，習(xí)慣上用單數(shù)一致，習(xí)慣上用單數(shù) many a + 單單n許多許多Many a student (be) discussing the problem.is注意注意 and連接詞表示同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用連接詞表示同一

8、概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)由由and連接的兩個(gè)并列名詞由連接的兩個(gè)并列名詞由each, every, no, many a 等詞等詞修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞仍用謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)單數(shù). 此類結(jié)構(gòu)為此類結(jié)構(gòu)為: eachand each, everyand every,noand no, many a and many aMany a boy and many a girl _ been there. hasand連接詞表示同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用連接詞表示同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)The poet and doctor (have) come.hasThe poet and the docto

9、r (have) come.haveThe bread and butter (be) on the table.isThe bread and the butter (be) on the table.areand兼兼和和夾夾和和那個(gè)詩人兼醫(yī)生那個(gè)詩人兼醫(yī)生那個(gè)詩人和那個(gè)醫(yī)生，兩個(gè)人那個(gè)詩人和那個(gè)醫(yī)生，兩個(gè)人那個(gè)夾黃油的面包那個(gè)夾黃油的面包面包和黃油面包和黃油冠冠 + n and 冠冠 + n冠冠 + n and n雙冠，謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)雙冠，謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)單冠，謂語動(dòng)詞單數(shù)單冠，謂語動(dòng)詞單數(shù)and連接詞表示同一概念連接詞表示同一概念(配套事物配套事物)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單單數(shù)數(shù)brea

10、d and butter奶油面包奶油面包a watch and chain一塊帶鏈的手表一塊帶鏈的手表a knife and fork刀叉刀叉a coat and tie一件配有領(lǐng)帶的上衣一件配有領(lǐng)帶的上衣a cart and horse一輛馬車一輛馬車The glasses (be) on your nose. areThis pair of glasses (be) mine.istrouserspants褲子褲子shortsglasses短褲眼鏡glovescompasses手套圓規(guī)單獨(dú)做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用 。復(fù)數(shù)和pair連用，謂語動(dòng)詞 。取決于pair的形式This two pairs

11、 of shoes (be) mine.areThe teacher together with his students (be) readingbooks now.isNobody but Tom and Mary (know) the secret.knows1.當(dāng)主語后面接說明主語的修飾語當(dāng)主語后面接說明主語的修飾語, 如介詞短語如介詞短語,謂語謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)只看主語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)只看主語, 不受修飾成分的影響不受修飾成分的影響.主語主語 + + with/together with(和和一起一起)as well as(和和一樣一樣)except/but(除了除了，不再有，不再有)al

12、ong with(和和一起一起)besides/in addition to(除了除了 還有還有)謂語動(dòng)詞只看主語謂語動(dòng)詞只看主語rather than (而不是而不是)2. 當(dāng)當(dāng)pair of/ kind of/ type of/sort of等作主語時(shí)等作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞與謂語動(dòng)詞與pair/kind/type/sort保持一致保持一致nThis kind of bananas _(taste) delicious.nThese pairs of trousers _(fit) you.tastesfit注意：注意： 主語為主語為a large quantity（amount) of +

13、名詞，名詞，quantities (amounts) of+名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)主語名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)主語中心詞中心詞quantity或或amount 的數(shù)決定。的數(shù)決定。vLarge quantities of water _ polluted.are3.3.當(dāng)當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)，數(shù)量分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)，數(shù)量+of+of+名詞作主語時(shí)名詞作主語時(shí), , 謂語與該名詞保持一致謂語與該名詞保持一致 the rest of剩下的，其余的剩下的，其余的most of大多數(shù)大多數(shù)the majority/minority of的大多數(shù)的大多數(shù)/少數(shù)少數(shù)plenty of大多數(shù)大多數(shù)half of一半一半分?jǐn)?shù)分

14、數(shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)a part of一部分一部分all ofAll of us_ attended the lecture about Pompeii.Most of was lecture _ about how the ancient city was discovered.havewas注意: population, number 1, population 作主語時(shí), 謂(單數(shù)單數(shù)) 分?jǐn)?shù)等+population時(shí), 謂(復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)) the population of that country _ very small. seventy-five percent of the popula

15、tion of china _ peasants.2, a number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)(許多), 謂(復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)) the number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)(的數(shù)量的數(shù)量),謂(單數(shù)單數(shù)) A number of students _ (go) to the library. The number of students _ 40.is aregois一一,謂語用單數(shù)謂語用單數(shù),當(dāng)主語是當(dāng)主語是: 1,單數(shù)名語,不可數(shù)名詞 2,不定式,動(dòng)名詞, 從句 3,不定代詞(除both, all),( none, neither可單可復(fù),后跟不可數(shù) 名詞,則只能用單數(shù)) 4, a large quant

16、ity(amount) of +名詞 5, many a /more than one + 名詞二二, 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)謂語用復(fù)數(shù), 當(dāng)主語是當(dāng)主語是: 1,復(fù)數(shù)名詞 2, 由and或bothand連接并列主語時(shí)(and連接詞表示同一 概念時(shí); 由and連接的兩個(gè)并列名詞由each, every, no, many a 等詞修飾時(shí)) 3.成雙成套的詞(如trousers, pants單獨(dú)做主語時(shí),謂用單數(shù), 和pair連用時(shí),謂取決于pair的形式)二二,謂語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)中心詞確定單復(fù)數(shù)形式謂語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)中心詞確定單復(fù)數(shù)形式,當(dāng)主語是當(dāng)主語是: 1.當(dāng)主語后面接說明主語的修飾語, 如介詞短語,謂語動(dòng)詞的單

17、復(fù)數(shù)只看主語(如with/together with) 2. 當(dāng)pair of/ kind of/ type of/sort of等作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞與pair/kind/type/sort保持一致3.當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)，數(shù)量+of+名詞作主語時(shí),謂語與該名詞保持一致. (如the rest of, a part of)4. 兩個(gè)特殊的詞: population, number 1) population 作主語時(shí), 謂(單數(shù)) 分?jǐn)?shù)等+population時(shí), 謂(復(fù)數(shù)) 2) a number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù), 謂(復(fù)數(shù)) the number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂(單數(shù))Fill in

18、the blanks with the right form of the give verbs.(1)_ (have) your classmates finished their homework?(2) My friend and I _ (want) to play outside after watching TV.(3) Most of the students _ (prefer) English to Mathematics.(4) Collecting stamps _ (be) one of his favorite pastimes.Have wantpreferis E

19、xercise1. All the professional personnel _ invited to attend the meeting. A. have B. were C. has D. was2. Every doctor and every nurse _ a new hospital for SARS patients. A. has founded B. have found C. expects to found D. has to be found3. The number of students in this school _. A. is increasing B

20、. are increasing C. is increased D. are increasedBCA6) 不定代詞不定代詞each, every, no所修飾的名所修飾的名詞詞 及及eachand each, everyand every,noand no, many a and many a結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：單數(shù)形式。如：_5. You, who_ his good friend, should help him get out of trouble. A. am B. is C. are D. was6. A pair of shoes

21、_ under the bed. A. was B. were C. has been D. have been7. Many a student _ the film now. A. has seen B. had seen C. have seen D. saw4. The questions which _ to yours are not easy to answer. A. is the same B. are different C. is like D. are similarDCAA_如果主語有如果主語有more than one 或或many a 構(gòu)成，盡管從意義上看構(gòu)成，盡

22、管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)內(nèi)容，但它的謂語動(dòng)詞仍是復(fù)數(shù)內(nèi)容，但它的謂語動(dòng)詞仍然用單數(shù)形式。如：然用單數(shù)形式。如： 22. Each soldier and each sailor _ a thick coat. A. are given B. was given C. being given D. were given23. Where _ dirt, there are flies. A. there has B. is C. there is D. there are24. A fork and knife _ on the table. A. is B. are C. has been D. h

23、ave been25. When and where to build the factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decidedCAAB_a watch and chain 一塊帶鏈的表一塊帶鏈的表 a needle and thread /a coat and tie配有領(lǐng)帶的上衣配有領(lǐng)帶的上衣A knife and fork is needed for a western meal.吃西餐時(shí)要用刀和叉。吃西餐時(shí)要用刀和叉。The cart and horse

24、is coming.馬車來了。馬車來了。(配套事物配套事物)一一.時(shí)間金錢問題時(shí)間金錢問題 基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞+表表時(shí)間時(shí)間/距離距離/價(jià)值價(jià)值或或其他度量其他度量單位的名單位的名詞時(shí)詞時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式形式,這是由于作主語的這是由于作主語的名詞在概念上是一個(gè)名詞在概念上是一個(gè)整體整體.Ten dollars is a price for that hat.Thirty miles is not a long distance.如果把這些數(shù)量概念看作組成數(shù)量的個(gè)體時(shí)如果把這些數(shù)量概念看作組成數(shù)量的個(gè)體時(shí),謂語謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)Ten years have passed

25、 since he came to this city.意義一致原則意義一致原則二二. 書名書名,報(bào)刊名報(bào)刊名,戲劇句戲劇句, 國家名國家名 當(dāng)此類名詞或詞組作主語時(shí),常看作一個(gè)整體, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式. New York Times is a very good newspaper. The United States was founded in 1776.三三.冠詞冠詞The + 姓氏姓氏 + s ： 表示一家人，謂語動(dòng)詞用表示一家人，謂語動(dòng)詞用 。復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)The + adj ：表示一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用表示一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用 。復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)The Blacks (be) watching T

26、V now.areThe good (be) happy.arethe dead死人死人the living活人活人the rich富人富人the poor窮人窮人the sick病人病人the young年輕人年輕人the old老人老人the disabled殘疾人殘疾人the blind盲人盲人“the +adj.”指個(gè)人或抽象概念時(shí), 謂語用_ 形式.單數(shù)The beauty is loved by all.Our team _ very important to me.Our team _ now making their way to Xinjiang.The cattle_ ea

27、ting grass near the river.特殊特殊4： 集合名詞集合名詞 people, police, cattle 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞無論什么時(shí)候都應(yīng)當(dāng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。無論什么時(shí)候都應(yīng)當(dāng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。isareare四四. 集體名詞集體名詞團(tuán)隊(duì)的詞確定單復(fù)數(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)的詞確定單復(fù)數(shù)family單數(shù)單數(shù)classteamclubgroup家人家人同學(xué)同學(xué)隊(duì)員隊(duì)員成員成員組員組員家庭家庭班級(jí)班級(jí)隊(duì)隊(duì)俱樂部俱樂部組組復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)指團(tuán)隊(duì)中的成員，就用指團(tuán)隊(duì)中的成員，就用復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)。指整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，就用指整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，就用單數(shù)。單數(shù)。團(tuán)隊(duì)的詞確定單復(fù)數(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)的詞確定單復(fù)數(shù)My family (

28、be) very small.isMy family (be) having lunch now.areThe police _ searching the lost boy.aren五. 單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的名詞 sheep deer means aircraft 等 根據(jù)具體意義決定 Every means _ been tried.= All means _ been tried.hashave意義一致原則要點(diǎn)總結(jié)意義一致原則要點(diǎn)總結(jié)n一一.時(shí)間時(shí)間,距離距離,金錢金錢,度量衡度量衡n二二. 書名書名,報(bào)刊名報(bào)刊名,戲劇句戲劇句, 國家名國家名n三三. The + 姓氏姓氏 + s(一家人一

29、家人) The + adj(一類人一類人) n四. 集體名詞集體名詞n五五.單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的名詞(如sheep deer)either A or Bneither A nor B就近一致原則就近一致原則not only A but also Bthere be A and B或者或者 A 或者或者 B既不既不 A 也不也不 B不但不但 A 而且而且 B有有 A 和和 B謂語與最靠近的名詞（代詞）保持一致。謂語與最靠近的名詞（代詞）保持一致。Either you or he (be) right.isEither he or you (be) right.areBoth you and he (

30、be) right.Both he and you (be) right.areareboth A and B：兩者都兩者都，不適用就近原則。，不適用就近原則。就近原則就近原則Not only the childen but also their father (like) playing computer games.likesNot only their father but also the childen (like) playing computer games.likeEither the team leader or the guides _looking after the s

31、tudents.Not only the guides but also the team leader _ looking after the students. There _ two pencils and a knife in my pencil box.areisare(1) _ (be) your family a big one?(2) All my family _ (get) up early in the morning.(3) Neither his father nor his mother _ (play) the piano.(4) The remains of t

32、he old castle _ (be) destroyed in World War Two.(5) Not only Jim but also his Parents _ (be) going to see you next Sunday.arewereplaysgetIs 8. The police _ the lost boy all day. A. is searching for B. are searching for C. searches for D. search9. Not only I but also she _ this. A. know B. knows C. a

33、m known D. known10.The news that she is coming to visit us _ exciting. A. is B. was C. were D. areDBA主語形式雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，主語形式雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)， 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如： The crowd were surrounding the government official. people, police, cattle_并列主語用連詞并列主語用連詞or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also等連接，謂語應(yīng)同相鄰的等連接

34、，謂語應(yīng)同相鄰的主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。 13. Five minus three _ two. A. is B. are C. was D. were14. Twenty dollars _ enough for the coat. A. is B. are C. was D. were11. The crowd _ for their lives A. were run B. were running C. was run D. was runningBAA當(dāng)名詞詞組中心詞為表示度量、距離、金額、時(shí)間等復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，往往可以根據(jù)意義一致的原則，把這些復(fù)數(shù)名詞看作一個(gè)整

35、體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如： _15.The first two questions were easy, but the rest of them _ not. A. was B. were C. being D. to be16.Either Tom or I _ to blame. A. to be B. am C. are D. is17._ good exercise. A. Climbing hills is B. Climbing the hill is C. The climbing hills are D. The climbing of hills areBBA 如果名詞詞

36、組的中心詞是如果名詞詞組的中心詞是all, most, rest, some, neither, none, no等詞，等詞，所指是復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)所指是復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；反之用單形式；反之用單 數(shù)。如：數(shù)。如：18. Something _ gone wrong with my TV set. A. has B. have C. is D. are19. This is one of the best films that _ this year. A. is appearing B. appear C. has appeared D. have appeared20. Half of the students _ made the same mistake. A. has B. have C. is D. are21. The old _ taken good care of in our country. A. is B. has C.