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1、學位英語考試必備之介詞短語at all times 總是,始終 at best充其量at first sight 初見,乍見 at leisure 閑暇時at a loss 不知所措 at peace/war 與友好/戰(zhàn)爭at times 間或。偶爾 by accident偶然by all means 當然,必定 by no means 絕不by chance 湊巧 by means of 通過方式by mistake 由于錯誤 by way of 通過.方式for once 只此一次 for sale 待售in action 實行 in addition 并且in advance 提前,預先

2、 in all 總共,總計in brief 簡言之 in case 假如,萬一in cash 使用現(xiàn)金 in/under the circumstances在此種情況下in charge 負責,總管 in comfort舒適in common 公用,共同 in comparison比較in conclusion 總之 in consequence因此,結(jié)果in/under control 握有(對)的控制 in danger在危險中in debt負債 in detail詳細的in difficulties 處境困難 in effect有效;實際上in exchange 交換 in no cas

3、e決不in turn 輪流 in view of 鑒于;由于on behalf on 為了的利益;代表 on the contrary相反in no time 立即 in short簡言之on display 在展出 on duty值班on guard 警惕;防范 on hand在手邊,鄰近on ones own 獨立的 on a large/small scale大(?。┮?guī)模的同義詞近義詞辨析108題1、a number of, the number of a number of +可數(shù)名詞,謂語用復數(shù),意為許多,大量的 the number of +可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù),意為的數(shù)目

4、0;2、able, capable, competent able為常用詞,指具有做某事所需的力量,技巧,知識與時間等,搭配是be able to do s.th。如:A cat is able to see in the dark. (貓在黑暗中能看見東西。) capable 指滿足一般要求的能力,搭配是be capable of +doing。competent 指“勝任”,“合格”,或受過專業(yè)技術等訓練的,但不是超群的能力。如:A doctor should be competent to treat many diseases. (醫(yī)生應該能治多種病。)3、above all;afte

5、r all;at all; in allabove all意為“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中,作插入語,起強調(diào)作用。如: But above all tell me quickly what I have to do可首先快些告訴我該做什么。  after all意為“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底”,在句中位置較靈活??晌挥诰涫?、句中或句末。如: After all,your birthday is only two weeks away畢竟,兩周后就是你的生日。 He is,after all,a small child他畢竟還是個小孩子。 He fa

6、iled after all他終于失敗了。 at all用于否定句時,意為“絲毫;根本”,用于疑問句時意為“究竟;到底”,用于條件句時,常譯為“當真;實在”。用于肯定句中,表示說話人的某種情緒或情感(如懷疑或驚奇等),意為“竟然”等。如:  He doesnt like you at all他根本不喜歡你。 Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做這件事? If you do it at all,do it well若你真要做這件事,就得做好。 I was surprised at his coming at all他竟然來了,我很驚訝。 in all

7、意為“總共”,既可放在句首,也可放在句末。如: There are 25,000 Inuit in all(In all, there are 25,000 Inuit) 這兒共有25,000因努伊特人。 4、aboard, abroad, board, broadaboard 在船(或飛機,車)上。如:I never went aboard a ship.abroad 副詞,在國外或海外。如:He often goes abroad.board 為動詞,上(船,飛機,車)。如:The passengers are boarding the plane now.broad 為形容詞,寬廣的。如

8、:He has very broad shoulders.5、accept, receiveaccept 接受,receive“接到”,“收到”。如:I received an invitation yesterday, but I didnt accept it. (昨天我收到了一個請柬,但并沒有接受邀請。)6、accident, incident, event accident事故。如:a traffic accident (交通事故) incident“附帶事件”,在政治上特指引起國際爭端或戰(zhàn)爭的事件,事變。 event “事件”,指特別重要的事件,通常是由以前的努力而產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,也指國

9、家和社會的事件。7-accurate, correct, exact, preciseaccurate準確的,精確的。如:Clocks in railway stations should be accurate.(火車站的鐘應該是準確的。)correct“正確的”,指符合一定的標準或準則,含有“無錯誤的”意味。它的反義詞是incorrect, wrong.exact“精確的”,“恰好的”,比“大體上正確”更進一步,表“絲毫不差”。它的反義詞是inexact。precise強調(diào)“精確”,“精密”。8、accuse, charge, sueaccuse 指責,指控,常與of 搭配。如:His b

10、oss accused him of carelessness.charge 常與with搭配。如:The police charged the driver with reckless driving.sue 常與for 搭配。如:Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his house.9、acquire, require, inquireacquire取得,獲得,學到。如:acquire knowledge (獲得知識)inquire打聽,詢問。如:inquire a persons name(問一個人的姓名)require需要。如:We requir

11、e more help. (我們需要更多的幫助。) 10、adopt, adaptadopt ()收養(yǎng)。如:Since they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt a little girl. (他們自己沒有孩子,所以決定收養(yǎng)一個小女孩。)()采納,采用,通過。如:He adopted our suggestion.(他采納了我們的建議。)adopt與adapt詞形相近,后者的意思是“使適合”,“改編”等。11、advantage, benefit, profitadvantage 常指一種使某人處于比其他人相對

12、有利的地位,機會或時機。如:He had the advantage of good education. (受過良好的教育對他十分有利。)profit 多指報償或報償性的收入。如Did you make any profit last year? (你去年賺錢了嗎?)benefit 指物質(zhì)利益或精神方面的好處。如:I get no personal benefit from the business.(我個人從這家企業(yè)中并不獲益。)12、1affect, effectaffect影響(動詞)。如Smoking affects health.effect效果,影響(名詞)。如:Governme

13、nt policy will not have any effect on us.13、afford, provide, supply 都有“提供,供給”的意思。afford一般只用于抽象事物。provide 和supply意思相同,兩個詞都和with連用,構成provide /supply somebody with something的結(jié)構。14、ago, beforeago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前”,常與一般過去時連用,不可以單獨使用。before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成時連用,可以單獨使用。例如,I saw him ten minutes ago.我十分鐘之

14、前看到的他。He told me that he had seen the film before.他告訴我他以前看過這場電影。15、agree on;agree to;agree with agree on作“就取得一致意見”解。例如: The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month 上月,就建一座新汽車廠之事達成了協(xié)議。 agree to有兩層含義和用法:其一是to作為動詞不定式符號,其后跟動詞原形,作“同意(答應)做某事”解。例如: My father agreed to buy a new pen for me 父親

15、答應給我買支新鋼筆。 其二是to作為介詞,之后跟表示“計劃條件建議等一類的名詞或代詞”。例如: They have a greed to our plan 他們已同意我們的計劃。 agree with作“同意某人的意見”解,其后可跟表示人的名詞或代詞,也可跟表示“意見”或“說的話”的名詞或從句。例如: He agreed with my opinions 他同意了我的意見。 We agreed with what he said at the meeting 我們同意他在會上講的話。 16、alive, living, livealive 指雖有死的可能,但仍活著,一般只作表語。living可

16、用于人或物,作定語時可前可后。live只做前置定語,用于動物和個別事物前。17、almost, nearly一般說來,almost比nearly 表示的意思更接近“開始”、“完成” (目標)等。在all, every, always 前,兩者都可用。如:He is almost (nearly) smoking. (他幾乎每天抽煙。)almost可同never, no, nobody, none, nothing 連用,而nearly卻不能。如:Almost no one believed her. (幾乎沒人相信他。)18、alone, lonelyalone只表“獨自”的客觀狀態(tài),沒有感情

17、色彩,只作表語;lonely表“孤獨”,:“寂寞”,能作定語和表語。如:When she is left alone, she feels lonely. (剩下她一人時她就感到寂寞。)alone, only均可表“只有”,但alone須置于被修飾詞之后,only往往置于被修飾詞前。如:He alone (Only he) can remember the story. (只有他才能記起這段經(jīng)歷。)19、altogether, all togetheraltogether總計,總共。如:Altogether there are six of us. (我們總計六人。)all together

18、全都在一起。如:We played the game all together. (我們大家都一起來玩游戲吧。)20、although; though; as 三者均可表示“盡管;雖然”,引導讓步狀語從句。although用法較正式,語氣較強;though較常用;as則主要用于倒裝句。它們的用法有如下幾點值得注意: Ø 狀語從句由although, though或as引導,主句之前不可有but, and, so, however等并列連詞,但可有yet或still等副詞。although與though常可互換。例如: AlthoughThough he believes it, ye

19、t he will not act 他雖然相信它,但卻不肯有所行動。 Ø as表示“盡管;雖然”,只能用于倒裝句,即:將表語、狀語或謂語動詞放在as之前。though也可這么用。例如: Young asthough he is, he knows a lot 他雖然年紀不大,卻懂得很多。 注意:如果表語是單數(shù)名詞,要省略a。例如: Child asthough he is, he can speak two foreign languages 雖然他是個孩子,但他會說兩門外語。 Ø though可以放在句末,表示“但是”,although卻不能。例如: They said

20、they would come; they did not, though 他們說他們會來,可是他們并沒有來。 Ø although只用來陳述“事實”,不能表示“假設”。因此可以說even though“即使”以及as though“好像(as if)”,不能說even although或as although。例如: I believe you are on dutyeven though youre in plain clothes 盡管你穿著便衣,我相信你是在值勤。21、among, betweenamong 在中間(三者或三者以上之間)。如:Our house is hidd

21、en among trees.between在兩者之間。如:It is easy to distinguish between a Japanese and a Chinese.22、answer, reply, respond用作動詞,都可表“回答”,“答復”。answer是常用詞,后可接letter(回信),question(回答問題),doorbell(開門),telephone(接電話),advertisement(應征廣告)等。reply較正式,一般只作不及物動詞,可與to連用。如:He has replied to my letter.(他回答了我信中提的問題。)respond作“

22、回答”解,用得較少,也同to 搭配。如:He quickly responded to the question. (他很快就回答了問題。)另外,respond還可表“對反應”,“響應”。23、approve, proveapprove(1)贊成,同意。如:I dont approve of wasting time.(我不贊成浪費時間。)(2)批準,通過。如:The minister approved the building plan. 部長批準了建筑計劃。prove和approve詞形相似,prove是“證明”,“表明是”等。24、arise/rise/raise/ arousearis

23、e是一個不及物動詞,意思是“起源于(和from連用)和“出現(xiàn)”。rise是一個不及物動詞,意思是“上升”,該詞是不及物動詞:rise, rose, risenraise是一個及物動詞,意思是“舉起”。arouse的意思是“引起,導致”。Black smoke rose from the chimney. He is too weak to raise that heavy box. Accidents usually arise from carelessness . A crisis has arisen in their marrige. Matts behavior was arousi

24、ng the interest of the neighbors.25、as (so) far as; as (so) long as Ø as(so)far as的意思是“就而言(所知)”,as (so) far as sthis concerned是其中一種具體用法,意為“就某事而言”;as (so) long as意為“只要”,引導條件狀語從句。如:As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers have found their new jobs 就我所知,一千多萬下崗工人已經(jīng)找到了新的工作。There is no

25、thing that we cant do so as long as we keep on trying to do it 只要我們不斷地努力去做,就沒有什么事干不成。As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go就中國的旅游業(yè)而言,需要做的工作還很多。26、as though;even though;though Ø as though(as if),意為“好像;似乎”,引導方式狀語從句或表語從句。如: He spoke as though(as if)he had been here

26、before他說話的口氣好像他以前來過這里。 It looks as if(as though)it is going to rain看起來好像要下雨。 Ø even though(even if),意為“即使”,引導讓步狀語從句。though也引導讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然”;even though有退一步設想的意味,與though不同。though引導的句子所說的是事實,even though引導的句子所說的則不一定是事實。例如: He will not tell the secret even though(even if)he knows it即使他知道這個秘密,他也不肯說出來

27、。 He will not tell the secret though he knows it他雖然知道這個秘密,但他不會說出來。27、assure, ensure, insureassure的意思是“使(某人)確信”,一般用作:assure sb. of /that,后面不能直接跟that從句。 ensure的意思是“保證”,后面可以接雙賓語,也可以接that從句。 insure的意思是“給上保險”。例如:He assured me that it was true. We cant ensure you a good post. My house is insured against f

28、ire 28、at the beginning;in the beginning Ø at the beginning 在初;在開始的時候。常與of連用。例如: Students usually have a study plan at the beginning of term 學生們在開學初制定學習計劃。 Ø in the beginning 相當于at first,表示“起初、開始”時,含“起初是這種情況,而后來卻不是這種情況”之意,不與of連用。例如: In the beginning,some of us took no interest in phys

29、ics 起初我們有些人對物理不感興趣。 29、at the time; at that time; at one time; at a time Ø at the time通常用于過去時句子中,指某件事情發(fā)生的“當時”、“那時”。例如: Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time 當時,許多人都看到了這件奇怪的事情的發(fā)生。 有時,at the time的后面可接“of”短語。這時,它表示“在(某事態(tài))發(fā)生的時候”或“在的時代”。例如: Were you in San Francisco at the time o

30、f the big earth quake in 1989 1989年舊金山發(fā)生地震時,你在那里嗎? Ø at that time 則通常指前文明確提到的某個時期、時候。通常其后不帶“of”短語。例如: In the 17th century much corn was grown in Tibet and SichuanAt that time(At the 17th century) the land along the Changjiang River was becoming very crowded Ø at one timeduring a period of

31、time in the past意為“過去有一段時期”,“曾經(jīng)”。例如: They used to be good friends at one time 他們曾經(jīng)是好朋友。 Ø at a time則意為“一次”,表示一個時間單位。它常與表示數(shù)量的詞語連用,表示頻率。例如: Dont speak all at onceOne at a time, please 不要同時一起說。一次只一個人說。 Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time 這些藥每天服三次,每次服三粒。30、awake, wake, wa

32、ken都可作動詞。awake既可及物,也可不及物,多用于比喻。wake常指“睡醒”,多為不及物動詞。waken多用作及物動詞,常指“吵醒”,“驚醒”。31、await, waitawait是及物動詞。如:I await your further instructions.wait“等”、“等候”,是不及物動詞,后常接介詞for。如:I will wait for you at the school gate. 32、award, prize, rewardaward, reward作動詞。award意為“授予(獎品,獎金等)”,后面可跟雙賓語;reward意為“報酬”,“酬謝”,只能跟人或以人

33、的行為作賓語。award, prize, reward作名詞時,award常指獎金,獎品;prize多指在競賽、競爭中獲勝所贏得的獎;reward則指為某項勞動或行為所付的酬金。 33、becausesinceasforØ 這四個詞都是表示原因或理由的連接詞,但是as,because,since是從屬連詞,引導原因狀語從句,for是并列連詞,所引導的不是原因狀語從句,而是表示理由的對等句子,是對前面所講內(nèi)容補充和說明。在語氣上由強至弱依次為becausesinceasfor。because引導的從句多置于句末,表示直接的原因或理由,表示產(chǎn)生那種結(jié)果的必然的因果關系,在回答w

34、hy的提問時,必須用because作答。 如:We stayed at home because it rained因為下雨我們呆在家里。 Ø as與since引導的從句多置于句首,不過as表示十分明顯的原因,只說明一般的因果關系,可譯為“因為、由于”;而since則表示稍加分析、對方已知的原因,一般可譯為“既然”。如: As he was not feeling well,I decided to go there alone由于他身體欠佳,我決定獨自去那里。 Since everyone is here,let's start既然大家都到了,咱們就開始吧。 Ø

35、for引導的從句一般放在句末,其前用逗號,它所敘述的理由是間接的,即推測性理由,或是對前面敘述的事實或看法的補充說明。如: There must be nobody in the classroom,for the light is off教室里一定沒有人,因為燈滅了。(推測性理由)  34、beat, winbeat表在比賽和戰(zhàn)斗中打敗對手,后接對手作賓語。Win作及物動詞時,其賓語為游戲、比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、獎金等名詞。如:He has won the race.(他贏得了賽跑的勝利。)35、beside, besidesbeside在旁邊。如:Come and sit beside m

36、e.besides除之外。如:I have two other umbrellas besides this one.36、besides;except;but Ø 三者都可以用作介詞。用于肯定句中時,exceptbut意為“除外(不再有)”;besides意為“除外(還有)”。請比較: All of them have seen the film exceptbut Wu Dong 除了吳東外,他們都看過了那部影片。 All of them have seen the film besides Wu Dong 除了吳東看過那部影片外,他們也都看過了。 Ø except后接

37、名詞、代詞、ing或不定式時,可以與but互換;except后接副詞、介詞短語時,一般不能為but所替換。如:Ill do everything exceptbut cook 除了做飯,我什么事情都干。 This window is never opened except in summer 除了在夏天,這個窗子從不打開。 Ø 用在否定句中,三者可以互換。如: There arent any other people to do the work exceptbutbesides you 除了你,沒人能做這工作。 37、be known as; be known for; be kn

38、own to; be known in Ø be known as 意為“作為而著名”,其后的名詞表示一個人的身份、職業(yè)等。如: Liu Huan is known as a singer劉歡作為一個歌手而出名。 Were sure youll be well-known as an artist我們相信你會成為一位著名的畫家。 Ø be known for 意為“因而著名”,其后所接內(nèi)容表示某人或物的特點、特長等。如: Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers桂林因其美麗的山水而聞名。 Mr Geldof

39、 is well-known for organizing two big pop concerts on the same day 蓋爾多夫先生因在同一天組織兩場大型的流行音樂會而出名。 Ø be known to “為所了解知道”,其后接表示人的詞語?!埃ㄈ藗兌迹┲馈?,其后接動詞原形。如: He is known to all in our village村子里的人都了解他。 He was known to have invented many thingsIt was known that he had invented many things人們都知道他已經(jīng)發(fā)明了很多東西。

40、  38、borrow, lendborrow借入。如:Can I borrow your pen for a moment?lend把借給。如:Can you lend me your bike?39、bring/take/fetch/carry bring (vt.)帶來:表示從別處把某人或某物拿到說話者處。 take (vt.) 取走:表示將某物從講話者處帶走 fetch (vt.) 去?。罕硎镜侥车貙⒛澄锘蚰橙四玫街v話者處。 carry (vt.) 攜帶:表示用人力或交通工具把某物或某人,從一地帶到另一地。該動詞不含方向意味。The ball went over the fe

41、nce and one of the players asked a boy to fetch it.The citys underground carries more people than the buses. You had better take an umbrella with you in case of rain. Waiter, bring me a bottle of beer please. 40、cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sthreason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由,后接for sth./do

42、ing sth. the reason for being late41、chance, opportunity, occasionchance多指偶然的機會,意外的機會,帶有僥幸的意味。如:Even so, it was a lucky chance that he could do it.(即使如此,那也是他憑著僥幸才做到這點。)opportunity主要指能夠去做某事,尤其是達到自己目的,實現(xiàn)某種愿望的好機會。如:You should make the most of your opportunities of seeing the country and learning the la

43、nguage.(你應該盡量利用你的機會去看看這個國家,學習它的語言。)occasion主要指“時機”,“場合”,也含有“機會”的意思。如:The flags are hung out on the occasion of the National Day.(每逢國慶節(jié),國旗都懸持出來了。)42、childish, childlikechildish幼稚的。如:It was very childish of him to lose his temper over something so unimportant.childlike孩子般天真的。如:When she won the gold me

44、dal, there was childlike smile on her face.43、cloth, clothingcloth布。如:I need three yards of cloth to make a suit.clothing衣服(總稱)。如:Youd better give all the old clothing away.44、comparewith; comparto; compared withto Ø comparewith意為“把與相比”,側(cè)重指兩者間的區(qū)別。如:Compare this car with that one, and you will f

45、ind the differences between them 把這輛汽車與那輛汽車相比較,你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們之間的區(qū)別。 Ø compareto意為“把比作”,著重注意兩者間的相似點。如: This song compares our country to a big family這首歌把我們的國家比作一個大家庭。 Ø compare既可以單獨用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞。用作不及物動詞時,以compare with形式出現(xiàn),表示“與相比”。如: Living here cant compare with living in Shanghai在這兒生活不能和在上海(生活

46、)相比。 If you compare the two words, you can tell the difference between them如果你比較這兩個單詞,你就會辨別出它們之間的不同。 Ø compared with和compared to都可用作狀語,意義基本相同,可互換。如: Compared towith him, you are lucky 與他相比,你是幸運的。 It was a small town then, compared towith what it is now 和現(xiàn)在比起來,那時它還是個小鎮(zhèn)。  45、compose, consist

47、, constitutecompose為常用詞,常用被動語態(tài),如用主動語態(tài),主語應用復數(shù)形式。如:Twelve men compose a jury.(十二人組成陪審團。)consist表一個整體由幾個部分組成(只能用主動語態(tài))。如:The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Island.(聯(lián)合王國是由大不列顛及北愛爾蘭組成。)constitute為正式用詞,與consist相反,表由哪些部分構成整體。如:Twelve months constitute a year.(一年有十二個月。)46、 considerable

48、, considerateconsiderable相當多的,可觀的。如:He met a considerable amount of trouble.(他遇到了許多麻煩。)considerate 考慮周到的,體諒的。如:It was considerate of you not to trouble us.(你真體貼人,不打擾我們。)47、 consistent, constant, continual, continuousconsistent一致的,符合的。如:His action is always consistent with his words.constant不斷的,表示持續(xù)和

49、慣常的重現(xiàn),往往沒有變化。如:He attributes his health to his constant exercise.continual頻頻的,不停的,時斷時續(xù),中間可有間歇。如:Continual smoking is bad for health.continuous不斷延伸的,連續(xù)不斷的,強調(diào)中間無間斷。如:Everything in the universe undergoes continuous development and change. 48、cost/take/spend/pay cost (vt.)花費:指花費金錢、勞力和時間。主語通常是事或物,可跟

50、雙賓語。 take (vt.) 花費:指花費時間。主語通常是一件事,也可以跟雙賓語。 spend (vt.) 花費:指花費時間和金錢,主語總是人??梢孕纬蓅pendon sth./in doing sth. 結(jié)構。 pay (vt.&vi.) 付錢,后面可以跟雙賓語,也可以當不及物動詞使用,形成pay for sth.結(jié)構。比較: Electricity will cost more than it did last year. It will take me two days to finish the work. In the past few years the factory

51、spent a lot of money improving its working conditions. Dicks uncle has to pay for his education as his father has come down in the world.  49、 crack, crashcrack(使)破裂,砸開。如:I can crack it, but I cant break it. (我能把它弄裂,但不能把它弄破。)crash摔壞,墜毀。如:The plane crashed shortly after the take-off.(飛機起飛不久就墜毀了。

52、) 50、 cure, treatcure治愈,醫(yī)治。如:The medicine will cure of your disease.(這藥能治好你的病。)cure表示治好,treat只表示“給治病”。51、 current, present均可表“現(xiàn)在”,“目前”。current強調(diào)在現(xiàn)階段正在流行,通用,但不一定是最新的。如:current English (當代英語)present為常用詞,指現(xiàn)在正在通用的,在時間上比current的范圍更窄。如:Whats your present address?(你現(xiàn)住址是哪里?)52、 custom, habit均可表習慣。custom為正式用

53、詞,多指社團或人們的習慣行為方式。habit為常用詞,多指個人因多次重復而形成做某事的趨勢或意愿。如:He has the bad habit of biting his nails.(他有咬手指的壞習慣。)53、 damage; destroy; ruin 這三個詞都有“破壞;損壞”的意思,區(qū)別如下:Ø damage意為“損壞、破壞”。它可用于表示損壞或破壞具體的物品,一般暗示損壞后價值或效益會降低,這種損壞是部分性的,通常指損壞的程度不那么嚴重,還可以修復再用。也可用于表示損壞抽象的東西,有時該詞也用于借喻。如: The car was not damaged badl

54、y in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt 汽車在事故中損壞不嚴重,但卻有五個人受了重傷。 Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness長期生病使她的心臟受到輕度損傷。 What they said and did damaged the relations between the two countries他們的言行損害了這兩個國家之間的關系。Smoking has damaged his health badly 吸煙嚴重地損害了他的健康。 &#

55、216; damage還可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。如: The earthquake did a lot of damages to the city這場地震給這座城市帶來了巨大的破壞。 Ø destroy意為“破壞;摧毀;消滅;毀滅”,通常指程度非常嚴重的“毀壞”,一般情況下不可以修復再用。另外,它既可表示毀壞具體的物品,也可表示毀壞抽象的東西。如: The big fire destroyed the whole house 這場大火把整座房子都燒毀了。 The Nazi wanted to destroy people's hopes, but in the end wh

56、at was destroyed was the Nazi's dream by the power of people 納粹想摧毀人民的希望,最終是納粹的夢想被人民的力量所摧毀。Ø ruin多用于借喻之中,有時泛指一般性的破壞,指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度。如: My new coat is ruined我的外套不能再穿了。 The rain will ruin the crops這雨會把莊稼毀掉的。 I was ruined by that law case; I'm a ruined man我被那場官司毀了,我破產(chǎn)了。54、dependent, independentdependent依賴的,依靠的(on, upon)。如:Success is dependent on your hard work.Independent 不依靠的,獨立的(of)。如:John was independent of his parents when he was still a child.55、discov

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