連系動(dòng)詞的用法和習(xí)題

1、英語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)及用法（表示狀態(tài)和狀態(tài)的持續(xù)，）從意義上講，連系動(dòng)詞可分為兩大類(lèi): 一類(lèi)表示某種相對(duì)靜止的特征或狀態(tài)， 如：be（是）,seem（似乎），look（看起來(lái)）,appear（似乎）,feel（覺(jué)得）,sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)）,smell（聞起來(lái)）,taste（嘗起來(lái)）, keep（保持），remain（保持）,stand（站立）,lie（躺）,stay（停留）等。另一類(lèi)表示某種狀態(tài)的變化演變過(guò)程。（表示從一種狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱硪环N狀態(tài),）如：become（變成）,go（變得）,get（變得）,turn（變成）,grow（長(zhǎng)成）,fall（變成某種狀態(tài)）,come（成為）,run（變成）補(bǔ)

2、充：一些感官動(dòng)詞也可以作聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞（link.v）例如：look, sound , smell, taste, feel, see, watch, hear等。（沒(méi)有被動(dòng)式）（1）狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞：用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)，只有be 一詞，例如：He is a teacher.他是一名教師。（is與補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份。）She is always like that.她總是那樣。I am used to going about alone.我習(xí)慣于獨(dú)來(lái)獨(dú)往。These shoes are too tight for me. 這雙鞋我穿太小。（2）持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞：表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有kee

3、p, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：I hope you ' ll keep fit我希望你身體好。He always kept silent at meeting.他開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。The door remained closed. 門(mén)仍然關(guān)著。We can remain friends.我們可以繼續(xù)做朋友。Please stay seated.請(qǐng)繼續(xù)坐著。He stayed si ngle.他仍然是單身。表像系動(dòng)詞：表示看起來(lái)好像”主要有seem, appear, look等。如：He looks tired.他看起來(lái)很累。He seems （

4、to be） quite happy.他好像很快活。The doctor seemed very capable.那醫(yī)生似乎很能干。He即peared quite well.他顯得身體相當(dāng)好。He即peared taken aback.他似乎很吃驚。She appeared perplexed.她顯得迷惑不解。 感官系動(dòng)詞：表示“起來(lái)”，有feel（摸起來(lái)，感覺(jué)），smell（聞起來(lái)）,sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)，吃 起來(lái)）等。沒(méi)有被動(dòng)式如： 中文:他保持沉默.（誤）He is remained silent.（正）He remains silent.This kind of c

5、loth feels very soft. 這種布摸起來(lái)很軟。He looks hon est, but actually he'他s看起來(lái)很老實(shí)，實(shí)際他是一個(gè)壞蛋。They all look alike to me.他們的模樣我看起來(lái)都一樣。Everybody feels contented.每個(gè)人都感到很滿足。Ice feels cold.冰感覺(jué)起來(lái)是涼的。Silk feels soft and smooth.絲綢摸起來(lái)很柔軟平滑。It sou nds a good idea.這聽(tīng)起來(lái)是個(gè)好主意。This food tastes good.這菜好吃。(5) 變化系動(dòng)詞：表示主語(yǔ)變成

6、什么樣， 主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run除表示從一種狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱硪环N狀態(tài)的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞和在個(gè)別情況下的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞be外，其他聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)。狀態(tài)的變化演變過(guò)程 例句： The days are gett ing Ion ger and Ion ger.白天越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。He was only being kind for the moment. 他只是一時(shí)的仁慈。如：He became mad after that.自那之后，他瘋了。She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越來(lái)越瘦了。His cold

7、was grow ing worse. 他的感冒越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重了。She' s grow ing fat 她正在發(fā)胖。He' s grow n used to it.他對(duì)此已經(jīng)習(xí)慣。When she saw this, she turned red.她看至 U這，臉紅了。His hair turned grey in a few weeks.在幾個(gè)星期中他頭發(fā)就變灰白了。The milk will soo n turn sour. 牛奶很快就會(huì)變酸。Several people fell ill, victims of blood poiso nin g.幾個(gè)人生病了，都是血中毒的

8、受害者。We get wiser as we get old.隨著年歲的增長(zhǎng)，我們也變得聰明些了。Your hair has gone quite white!你的頭發(fā)全白了 ！She went pale at the news.聽(tīng)到這消息，她臉色變得蒼白。When I mentioned it to him he went red. 我對(duì)他提及此事時(shí)他臉紅了。He went mad.他瘋了The children must not go hungry. 孩子們不能挨餓。 終止系動(dòng)詞：表示主語(yǔ)已終止動(dòng)作，主要有prove, turn out(結(jié)果是，證明是)等。表達(dá)"證實(shí)”，”變成”

9、例如： The rumor proved false.這謠言證實(shí)有假。The search proved difficult.搜查證實(shí)很難。His plan turned out a success.他的計(jì)劃終于成功了。( turn out表終止性結(jié)果) (詳細(xì)講解)例句：(1)be意為”是，在，存在，成為”等What are you going to be when you grow up?你長(zhǎng)大了想干什么?(2) look意為"看上去，顯得 "She looked a little tired.她看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)疲倦。(3) seem意為"好像，似乎，仿佛”She

10、seemed an hon est woma n她看上去是個(gè)老實(shí)人。(4) feel意為”感覺(jué)到，摸起來(lái)”This skirt feels soft.這條裙子摸起來(lái)很柔軟。sou nd意為"聽(tīng)起來(lái)”Her idea sou nded great.她的主意聽(tīng)起來(lái)很不錯(cuò)。(6) taste意為”嘗起來(lái)有的味道”The food tastes good.那些食物味道很好。(7) smell意為”聞上去 "The flowers smell sweet.這些花芳香襲人。(8) appear意為”看起來(lái)(好像)"It appears a true story.這似乎是個(gè)真實(shí)

11、的故事。(9) stand意為"處于某種狀態(tài)The door stood ope n.門(mén)開(kāi)著。(10) remain意為”仍然、保持"The weather still remained cold in April.雖然時(shí)節(jié)已進(jìn)入四月，天氣仍然還很冷。(11) stay意為”保持某種狀態(tài)”The shop stays open till seven o'clock.那家商店一直營(yíng)業(yè)至U7點(diǎn)。(12) keep意為”保持"Keep quiet, please.請(qǐng)保持安靜。(1) become意為”變成，成為”Edison fin ally became a

12、great inven tor.愛(ài)迪生最后成了一名偉大的發(fā)明家。(2) get意為”變得”The weather gets warmer and the days get Ion ger in spri ng.春天天氣越來(lái)越暖和，白天越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。(3) grow意為"漸漸變得"It was growing dark.天色漸漸暗下來(lái)。(4) turn意為”變，變成”The leaves are turning yellow.樹(shù)葉慢慢地變黃了。(5) go意為"變?yōu)椤盓ggs can go bad easily in summer.夏季，雞蛋容易變壞。(6) fall意

13、為"進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)，變得”His horse fell lame.他的馬瘸了 .練習(xí)題()1. What is Mr Wang like? .A. He is a teacherB. He is old and ki ndC. He looks like a ballo on D. He likes En glish()2. What Mr White said sounds.A. frien dlyB. won derfullyC. pleasa ntly D. n icely() 3. The poor boybli nd at the age of three.A. turned

14、B. goesC. became D. went()4. When he was a child he.A. grew patie neeB. was aliveC. ran wildD. came trueas if he has a cold.)5. His voice6. This shirt as if it is made of cott on.A.soundsB. liste nsC. hearsD. seemsA. isB. looksC. feelsD. seems7. He lookshe had nA. thatB. as if't had a good meal

15、for a monthC. whe n D. so far8. Itthat he was late for the train.A. looksB. turns9. These apples taste. A. to he good10. Do you like the shirt? Yes, itvery soft.A. feelsB. feltC. is feeli ng D. is feltB. to be wellC. getsC. wellD. seemsD.good11. The mome nt Mr Zhang went to bed, heasleepA. keptB. go

16、tC. fellD. fall()12. Whe n I went home yesterday, it wasdark.()14. The flowers in the garde nA. soundB. tastesweet.C. becomeD. smell()15. Shelike her mother in character.A. looksB. seemsC. isD.feels()16. Itano ther fine day tomorrow.A.seemsB.promisesC.appearsD. looks()17. Hemuch youn ger tha n he re

17、ally is.A. appearsB. growsC.becomes D. turns()18. Youvery pale. Do you feel sick?A. lookedB. lookC. looki ngD.are looked()19. His wish to become a driver hastrue.A. turnedB. realizedC. comeD. grow n()20. Her fathera writer.A. turnedB. grewC. has turnedD.has become()21. Neither of usa doctor.A. amB.

18、areC.isD. were()22. Hea famous writer.A. turnsB. becomeC. has becomeD. has turned()23. The girl's facered.A. turnedB. gotC. feelD.look()24. Hevery glad.A. lookedB. turnedC. feelD.looks()25. The flowersfragra nt（芳香）.A. getB. smellsC.smellD. feels()26. The tablevery smooth.A. lookB. turnC. feelsD.

19、 smellD.provi ngD. comingB. gett ingC. runningto be a perfect one.B. was provedC. is provi ngA. going13. Their planA. proved27. Jackyoun ger tha n Tom.28. She looks.A. happyA. lookB. feelB. to be happyC. feelsC. happilyD. looksD. that she is happy(二)用 smell, taste, go, get, become, grow, seem, look,

20、 feel, turn 的適當(dāng)形式填空:1. Youvery young.2. At first those questionseasy, but later I found them difficult.3. After the sports meet ing, hevery tired.4. My youn ger brothera stude nt last year.5. When weup, we're going to help build up our coun try.6. The flowersvery sweet.7. Her facered.8. Jackvery

21、 happy.9. The moon cakegood.10. The meatbad.答案與分析1. B What ' s.?是詢(xún)問(wèn)人或事物的性質(zhì)特征情況的交際用語(yǔ)，答語(yǔ)中常含有說(shuō)明性質(zhì)特征情況的形容詞。2. A sound表示 聽(tīng)起來(lái)”后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，答案B、C、D均為副詞。3. D若人或事物的情況變化是永久性的或難以扭轉(zhuǎn)的壞變化時(shí)，用系動(dòng)詞go表示。4. C run wild是固定搭配，表示放蕩不羈”5. A sou nd表示 聽(tīng)起來(lái)”后面接as if引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，表示對(duì)主語(yǔ)所表示的特征、狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)作出的反應(yīng)及判斷。6. C feel作系動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，表示“東西）摸上去令人有某

22、種感覺(jué) ”7. B as if引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成式。4/6頁(yè)8. D “It seems that表示看起來(lái)”。是固定句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)根據(jù)一定的事實(shí)所得出的一種接近于實(shí)際情況 的判斷。9. D taste表示 嘗起來(lái)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。10. A feel表示“某物）摸上去（令人）有某種感覺(jué)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。11. D fall asleep表示 入睡”是固定搭配，根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。12. B get表示 逐漸起來(lái)” 開(kāi)始起來(lái)"時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，多用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。13. A prove表示 證明是"時(shí)，

23、是系動(dòng)詞。14. D smell表示 有的氣味”、散發(fā)氣味”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞。15. C belike表示 看起來(lái)像"時(shí)，既可指外貌，又可指品質(zhì)和特征，側(cè)重于特征。16. B promise表示 有的可能”、給人以的指望”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，后面接名詞作表語(yǔ)。17. A appear表示 看起來(lái)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞。側(cè)重于在外表給人某種印象，常為假象”18. B look表示 顯得” 看起來(lái)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，常帶有感情色彩。19. C come true是固定搭配，表示實(shí)現(xiàn)”其中come是系動(dòng)詞，表示 成為” 變得”20. D become表示變成”作系動(dòng)

24、詞用，在后面作表語(yǔ)的名詞前要加a或an。turn后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)要去掉a（n ）。漢語(yǔ)中表示兩個(gè)過(guò)程按比例同時(shí)增加時(shí)，用 越越”結(jié)構(gòu)。英語(yǔ)中用“the比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常從句在前，主句在后，即：第一個(gè)the+比較級(jí)為狀語(yǔ)從句，第二個(gè) the+比較級(jí)為主句。句型中的連個(gè)“the都是指示副詞。兩個(gè)“ the的后面都必須跟形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)形式。不過(guò)有的語(yǔ)法書(shū)中說(shuō)第一個(gè)the引導(dǎo)的句子是比較狀語(yǔ)從句”。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般情況下：主句用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（代替將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)）。試比較下列例句的用法：1. The more, the better.多多益善。2. The

25、 soo ner, the better.愈快愈好。3. The more you learn, the more you wish to learn.你學(xué)得越多，你越是想學(xué)。4. The soo ner you start, the soo ner you will fin ish. 你開(kāi)始的越早，你就完成得越快。5. The more exciting it is, the happier they are.越是有趣，他們就越是高興。6. The more I know him, the more I like him.我越認(rèn)識(shí)他，就越喜歡他。7. The more you read, t

26、he better you un dersta nd.你看的書(shū)越多，你懂得就越多。8. The hotter the air is, the more quickly it will rise.空氣越熱，它就上升得越快。9. The more lear ned a man is ,the more modest he usually is. 一個(gè)人越有學(xué)問(wèn)，就往往越謙虛。10. The more you know ,the more you will realize how little you know.知道得越多，越會(huì)體會(huì)到自己知道得有限。注意：有時(shí)這種句型中主句用主謂倒裝形式。例如：Th

27、e smaller the house is, the less will it cost us to heat.房子越小，花的取暖費(fèi)就越少。The more we thought of the lost boy, the more did we get worried.我們?cè)较肽莻€(gè)丟失的孩子，就越是著急。（1） “the more,the more 句型為“the比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)"結(jié)構(gòu)，常表示 越，就越"，是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，其中前面句子是狀語(yǔ)從句，后面的句子是主句。The用在形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)前。5/6頁(yè)上拉加載下一頁(yè) The more he gets, the more he wan ts.他越來(lái)越貪（他得到的越多，就越想要）。The more shelearns, the more she wants to learn.她越學(xué)就越想學(xué)。（2） “the比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)"句型主從句的時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。The higher the