研究生英語綜合教程(下)1-10單元全部答案及解析

1、Unit 1 Living A Full Life Unit 1Living a Full Life Content Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final ProjectTask 1Discuss with members of your group what is/are the most important element(s) for living a full life. You may choose one or more from the followi

2、ng list or provide your own answer. Then give reasons why you have made such a choice. a good appearance close friends a happy mindset a good neighborhood perfect health an absorbing hobby a good job lottery winnings a happy familyTask 2 Your best friend has recently been in low spirits ever since s

3、he was diagnosed with COPD (慢性阻塞性肺病). She stays in bed most of the time and misses a lot of classes. She has nothing to do, and moreover wants to do nothing. How would you encourage her to cope with the disease with a positive attitude?Here are some suggestions from experts that will enable you to r

4、etain (or take back) much of your independence and improve your quality of life. Dont isolate yourself.reach out to others Stay as physically active as you can Manage your breathing Stick with your treatment planTask 3Read the letter from John Doe and, with your partner, discuss how you could help h

5、im.Dear Abby,I feel like I almost cant breathe now. I work a ridiculous amount of hours and I dont have time to relax. My parents live 1,400 miles away and I am here all by myself. I have no time to make friends. Sometimes I feel I dont even have a life. What should I do?Kind regards,John Dear John,

6、 I used to live a life just like yours. I can see myself in you when I finished my college and started my first job. I found a job as junior reporter for Chicago Daily so I moved from Houston to Chicago. I was working 18 hours a day in a place where I knew few people. My health finally broke down fr

7、om too much work and poor diet. I stayed in hospital for two weeks. My parents came to Chicago and took care of me. After I was out of hospital, I quitted my job and moved back to Houston, where I found a job in a local newspaper. I visited my parents often and I had time to hang around with my frie

8、nds whom I had known for years as well as those I newly made. I felt happy finally. So my suggestion is to take some time off your work and go back to visit your parents and friends. Consider changing a job which requires fewer hours so that you may have time to make friends. You may also try to tak

9、e classes on a subject you are interested in or pursue a hobby. You are sure to find life worth living. Yours, AbbyListen to the passage “Bored to Death” and fill out the blanks. Weve all been bored from time to time. Sometimes, when were really at loose ends, we might even say were “bored to death”

10、 or “_!” We dont really mean it, of course.But according to one study, it may be true. That is, it _ to be bored to death. Researchers in England looked at surveys done in the mid 1980sseveral thousand questionnaires filled out by _ about their jobs.so bored I could die seems possible literallyLondo

11、n civil servantsThe researchers found that those whod said that in the previous month they were bored at work were _ as other workers to die of a heart problem over the follow-up period. Workers who _ in their jobs were less likely to die prematurely.Now, this doesnt mean that feeling bored _ will k

12、ill you. Were talking about chronic boredom, as in being bored all the time. more than twice as likely claimed to be interested every once in a whileAnd its not necessarily boredom itself thats deadly. Most probably,according to the study, its the fact that being bored often leads to _ such smoking,

13、 overeating, drinking, and abusing drugs.Other studies have linked _a disease known often to lead to poor health.Does this mean that being engaged and interestedin other words, the opposite of bored_?Maybe. If not being bored means being physically active and adopting good dietary and exercise habit

14、s, then it certainly cant hurt.unhealthy habitsboredom and depressionleads to better healthThe Hidden Side of Happiness Global Understanding 2Detailed Information3Critical Thinking4Language Points5Vocabulary in Action6Background Information1Watch a clip from The Pursuit of Happyness in which Christo

15、phers wife just left him. Discuss with your partner how people should pursue happiness. Click on the pictureGlobal UnderstandingMain idea: Many people find that enduring a harrowing ordeal _.There seems to be a built-in human capacity to _.What doesnt kill you can actually make you stronger.ultimate

16、ly changes them for the betterflourish under the most difficult circumstancesMain idea: People who have suffered the most, who have beenforced to contend with shocks they never anticipated and torethink the meaning of their lives, _. may have the most totell us about that profound and intensely fulf

17、illingjourney that philosophers used to call the searchGlobal Understandingfor “the good life”Argument 1: Happiness is only one among many values in human life. Sometimes only _ can foster such qualities as _ because _.Example: 31-year-old fashion designer Tracy Cyr. “I felt I hadbeen shown the secr

18、et of life and why were here: to be happyand to nurture other life. Its that simple.”the trials of adversitycreativitycompassion, wisdom, altruism, insight, Global Understandingsometimes onlydrastic situations can force us to take on the painful process of changeArgument 2: For many people who have

19、endured extreme eventslike combat, violent crime or sudden serious illnessperhapseven the majoritylife _. ultimately becomes richer and Global Understandingmore gratifyingArgument 3: Actually implementing these changes, as well asfully coming to terms with a new reality, _ _. And eventually, people

20、may find themselves freed in ways they never imagined.Example: _. Although parenting can bring sleep deprivation and thenecessity of putting aside personal pleasure, ultimately, theemotional rewards can compensate for the pain and difficultiesof adversity.usually takesOne of lifes biggest challenges

21、: parentingconscious, effortGlobal UnderstandingMain idea: _.Its possible to live an extraordinary rewarding lifeeven within the constraints and struggles we faceGlobal UnderstandingTask 2Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text (P11) Key: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10B

22、CAADACDBDDetailed InformationWork together with your partner to answer the following questions based on the text youve just read.Reading FocusCritical Thinking1. The writer claims in the first paragraph that, “many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the bet

23、ter.” In which sense does she mean by saying “to change for the better”, physically or mentally?2. In the second paragraph, the writer believes in “a built-in capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances.” Do you agree with her? Provide examples to elaborate your opinion.3. Do you agr

24、ee with the statement “What doesnt kill you actually makes you stronger”? Why or why not? Discuss in groups the following questions.1. Have you had the experience of going through a very difficult situation and coming out as a better person? Or do you know someone who has experienced this?2. Unlike

25、those who are so unfortunate to have been struck by diseases or who have been forced to go through extreme difficulties in life, some people choose to voluntarily take adventures or challenges, like extreme sports, to push themselves to limits. Why do these people do so and what can they obtain from

26、 these experiences?Reading FocusCritical Thinking1. Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting1 accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. (para.1) Language Point hurricane: a storm that has very strong fast winds and that moves over water 颶風(fēng) e.g. A drenching rain poured d

27、own and the rising hurricane drove it in sheets along the ground. similar terms: typhoon/ monsoon/ trade windvicious: 1) violent and cruel in a way that hurts someone physically e.g. a vicious murder a vicious killer2) very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt someones feelings or make their cha

28、racter seem bad, e.g. She was shocked by the vicious tone in his voice.similar words: malicious, evil, violent, savage, cruel, ferocious, fierceLanguage Point 2. There seems to be a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. (para.2)Language Point flourish: develop w

29、ell and be successful e.g. The economy is booming and small businesses are flourishing. thrive: e.g. Children thrive when given plenty of love and attention.3. This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: (Para. 3) fledgling: a fledgling state or organization has

30、 only recently been formed and is still developing e.g. Nursed the fledgling business through an economic downturn. Language Point 4. Those who weather adversity well are living proof of the paradoxes of happiness.(para.4)Language Point paradoxes: a person, thing or situation that has two opposite f

31、eatures and therefore seems strange e.g. He was a paradox-a loner who loved to chat to strangers. The paradox is that fishermen would catch more fish if they fished less.5. But that feeling of transformation is in some ways typical, (papa.11)Language Point transform: to completely change the appeara

32、nce, form, or character of something or someone, especially in a way that improves ite.g. The movie transformed her almost overnight from an unknown schoolgirl into a megastar. After three weeks we noticed a total transformation in his behavior. 6. In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pie

33、rced, and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is torn away. (para.12) Language Point 翻譯：翻譯：在事情發(fā)生的那一瞬間，我們的安全感被沖在事情發(fā)生的那一瞬間，我們的安全感被沖破了，平時處于我們與我們對世界的種種看法之間破了，平時處于我們與我們對世界的種種看法之間的自我保護的精神盔甲被剝離了。的自我保護的精神盔甲被剝離了。 Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- Task 1

34、Read the words and their explanations in the box. Choose a word to complete each of the sentences below and explain its meaning. Change the form if necessary.(P14)provinces b.woke a.haunt b.trouble a.weathers d.wake b.coined c.trouble b.Vocabulary in Action Key 9- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 15- 16- 17-18-1

35、9-20- weather vince c.coin a.value a.haunts a.has promised a.trouble c.coin b.Vocabulary in Action promise d.values c.refrain b.valued e.Task 2The _ atmosphere of the inn allows guests to feel totally at home.2. Technological advances might _ lead to even more job losses.Fill in each of the bla

36、nks with an appropriate phrase from the box. Change the form if necessary. (P15)tranquilultimatelyadversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimatelyVocabulary in Action 3. In the _ of the shootings, there were

37、calls for tighter controls on gun ownership.4. Her kindness and generosity _ her occasional flashes of temper.5. He was beginning to wonder if he would survive the _ .6. Foreign food aid has led to a _ reduction in the numbers of people dying of starvation.aftermathcancel outordealdrasticVocabulary

38、in Action adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimately7. Perhaps her most important _ was her program of educational reform.8. There were food shortages and other _ during the Civil War.9. The new economi

39、c policies could prove _ for the party.10. The building will be completed around six months earlier than _ .legacydeprivationssuicidalanticipatedVocabulary in Action adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ulti

40、mately11. The experience was enough to keep him _ for some time.12. The road to happiness is paved with _ .13. She _ to nothing no less than the chairmanship of the company.14. He might be influenced by _ for the surroundings of his happy youth.15. In _ , I wish that I had thought about alternative

41、courses of action.preoccupiedadversitiesaspiresnostalgiaVocabulary in Action adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimatelyretrospectTask 3Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brac

42、kets into English. Try to use the expressions you have learned from the text. (p.17)1. Watching your baby being born is _ (極其令人興奮的經(jīng)歷).2. There is _ (內(nèi)置儲藏空間) in all bedrooms.3. This handout focuses on _ (自我保護措施) under difficult climatic conditions.a mind-blowing experiencebuilt-in storage spaceself-p

43、rotection measuresVocabulary in Action 4. Im sure we could offer you some _ (短期的工作).5. So, how is it that we all, or at least many of us, have such a _ (歪曲的、否定的自我觀念)?6. Helen Hunt stars as a character undergoing _ (改變了生活的事件) in Then She Found Me.7. She has written a book that is beautiful because of

44、 the honesty and the raw emotion that is portrayed in _ (無所不包的細節(jié)).8. Having a decent job contributes to _ (一個好的自我形象).short-term employmentdistorted and negative self-perceptionlife-changing eventsVocabulary in Action all-encompassing detailsa good self-imageThe Good Mind Is Flexible Global Understan

45、ding Text Exploration Critical Thinking Language Points Vocabulary in Action12345 Distinguish between training and educationParas. 2-6IntroductionWhat characterize flexible peoplePara. 1Paras. 7-12 ConclusionPara. 13Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingAnswer the following questions.1. What kind of peopl

46、e does the world of tomorrow need?Flexible individuals, intelligently mobile individuals, individuals who can land on their feet when their jobs become technologically obsolete, individuals who can cope with theunexpected. These are the people that are needed in the world of tomorrow.Reading More de

47、tailed information 2. What is the difference between training and education?To train is to make learners find the fixed responses, to stress immediate goals to the neglect of long-term growth of the learners. To educate, however, is to foster limitless growth,lifelong learning in learners, to let th

48、em develop the good mind.Reading More detailed information 3. How can we develop into a flexible person with a good mind?To develop the flexible person with the good mind we must learn how to teach skills, attitudes, and concepts, we must favor those learning experiences that have high transfer valu

49、e to varied life situations. We must enable them to see the world in a fresh, inventive way. We will let them chart their own course.Reading More detailed information 4. What is the teachers task if art is “the intensification of the ordinary”?5. What is the inescapable element in education for flex

50、ibility?His task is to help learners turn the commonplace into the creative.Reading More detailed information An attitude favorable to change. It is the inescapable element in education for flexibility. If someone has a negative view toward change, there will be no flexibility.6. How do people who d

51、read change think of themselves?Those people think they dont amount to much, they do not accept themselves and consequently do not accept others. They often have a negative view toward the future.Reading More detailed information 7. What can schools and colleges do to build an attitude favorable to

52、the unprejudiced examination of ideas?Schools and colleges can and must develop the self-confidence of students, build them up with repeated success instead of constant failure. They can develop a group atmosphere friendly to and supportive of change. They can help students admire what is admirable,

53、 and become acquainted with heroic men and women who changed the world. They can provide continuing guidance in how to become a real person, one who has faith in the future, who has a good mind of his own.Reading More detailed information 8. Why is continuing education a necessity?Because “the thing

54、s taught in colleges and schools are not an education, but a means of education.” Students only learn the means of education at school so they have to use this means to continue their education in the real world.Reading More detailed information Discuss with your partner the following questions, bas

55、ed on the text youve just read.Reading MoreCritical Thinking1. Do you agree with the writer that to develop a good mind a student must learn how to cultivate and develop a taste for learning? In your mind, what is a taste for learning?2. What are those learning experiences that have high transfer va

56、lue to varied life situations? Can you give some examples?3. How important is ones attitude to changes in his life?Discuss with your partner the following questions.Reading MoreCritical Thinking1. What should be the role of schooling in ones education?2. Do you agree with Edgar Dales view? Which do

57、you think is more important, higher education or job training?3. Some people say a good heart is most important for a person to live a meaningful life. Others say a good mind is more important. What is your opinion?1. For many years we have talked about education in a changing society but have done

58、little to educate for uncertainty. (Para. 1) Language Point uncertainty : when you feel doubt about what will happen e.g. Times of great change are also times of uncertainty. uncertainty, doubt There is a great deal of _ about the companys future.She knew without a shadow of a _ that he was lying to

59、 her. uncertaintydoubt2. Mark Twains story about the cat is in order here. (Para. 2) Language Point in order: to be a suitable thing to do or say on a particular occasion e.g. I hear congratulations are in order. 3. If we accept Deweys definition of art as “the intensification of the ordinary”, then

60、 the teachers task is to help learners turn the commonplace into the creative.(Para.6)Language Point commonplace: something that is ordinary or boringe.g. The speech was full of commonplaces. Moore took as his main theme the mystery of the commonplace. 4. Often such people think they dont amount to