2017高考英語大題沖關(guān)秘笈閱讀理解之議論文5.名校模擬

1、12017 高考英語大題沖關(guān)秘笈 閱讀理解之議論文 5.名校模擬題組一Passage 1（廣東省汕頭市金山中學(xué) 2016 屆高三上學(xué)期期末考試）Why You Should Celebrate Your MistakesWhen you make a mistake, big or small, cherish（珍視）it like it s the most precious thingin the world, because in some ways, it is.Most of us feel bad whe n we make mistakes, beat ourselves up

2、about it, feel like failures,get mad at ourselves.And that s only natural: most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad,and that we should try to avoid mistakes. We ve been scolded when we make mistakes at home, school and work. Maybenot always, but probably eno ugh times to ma

3、ke feeli ng bad about mistakes an uncon scious react ion.Yet without mistakes, we could not lear n or grow. If you think about it that way, mistakesshould be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amaz ing things in the world: theymake lear ning possible; they make growth and improveme n

4、t possible.By trial and error trying thin gs, making mistakes, and lear ning from those mistakes-we have figured out how to make electric light, to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to fly.Mistakes make walk ing possible for the smallest toddler, make speech possible, make worksof genius poss

5、ible.Think about how we learn: we don t just consume information about something and instantlyknow it or know how to do it. You don t just read about painting, or writing, or computerprogram ming, or bak ing, or play ing the pia no, and know how to do them right away .In stead, youget in formati on

6、about somethi ng, from readi ng or from ano ther pers on or from observi ng usually.the n you con structa model in your min d.the nyou test it out by trying it in the realworld.then you make mistakes.then you revise the model based on the results of your real-world experimentation andrepeat, making

7、mistakes, learning from those mistakes, until you ve prettymuch learned how to do something. That s how we learn as babies and toddlers, and how we learn as adults. Mistakesare how we lear n to do somethi ng n ew, because if you succeed in someth ing,2it s probably something you already knew how to

8、do. You haven t really grown much from thatsuccess at most it s the last step on your journey, not the whole journey. Most of the journey was made up ofmistakes, if it s a good journey.So if you value learning,if you value growing and improving,then you should value mistakes.They are amazing things

9、that make a world of brilliance possible.1. Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?A. Because mistakes make us suffer a lot.B. Because it s a natural part in our life.C. Because we ve been taught so from a young age.D. Because mistakes have ruined many people s careers.2. Accord ing to the

10、 passage, what is the right attitude to mistakes?A. We should try to avoid making mistakes.B. We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.C. We should treat mistakes as good cha nces to lear n.D. We should make feeli ng bad about mistakes an uncon scious reacti on.3. The underlined word toddle

11、r in Paragraph 5 probably means_ .A. a small child lear ning to walkB. a kin dergarte n child lear ning to drawC. a primary school pupil lear ning to readD. a school tee nager lear ning to write4. We can lear n from the passage that_ .A. most of us can really grow from successB. grow ing and improv

12、ing are based on mistakesC. we learn to make mistakes by trial and errorD. we read about someth ing and know how to do it right awayPassage 2（遼寧省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)分校 2016 屆高三 12 月月考）People are ruder today because they are rushed and more time3poor than ever before, says Patsy Rowe, Manners have fallen off the rad

13、ar（雷達(dá)）. Due to our strong attract ion to electr onic equipme nt it is a won der that more people don t4wake up each morning and greet the singing birds with complaining about the noise. Here are some examples ofrudeness.Somepeople prefer to do almost everything over the Internet. To them, dealing wi

14、th an actual human is like anevolutionary step backward. It feels very slow because humans don t work at 4G speeds. Whenyou have dinner withfriends, you will often notice someone paying more attention to his mobile phone. We have programmed ourselves tothink that every new message brings life-changi

15、ng news, so taking calls and checking our texts are more important thantalking tothe people we are with. What is worse, some people even tend to send anonymous（匿名的）rude messages by email.However, rudeness is never acceptable.Don t assume it is OKto be rude if the person yourein touch with won t reco

16、gnize you. If you have something awful to say, have the courage to facethe person and say it, write a letter or email and sign it, or forget it. Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel anddisgusting.We shouldn t blame technology for our shortcomings. Technology is here to help us, but we sh

17、ould not allow it totake over our lives. An important step is acknowledging our shortcomings. People spend a lot of time pointing out badmanners but it would be even more helpful if we dpublicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.5. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in Paragra

18、ph 1?A. People can tell good from bad behavior.B. Radar is able to observe human behavior.C. People care little about their behavior.D. Radar can be used to predict human behavior.6. Some people are less willing to deal with humans because_ .A. they are becoming less patientB. they are growing too i

19、ndependentC. they have to handle many important messagesD. they have to follow an evolutionary step backward.7. The author thinks sending unsigned awful messages is _ .5reas on able8. What can we lear n from the last paragraph?A. We should applaud good behavior.B. Tech no logy can n ever be blamed.C

20、. We should keep pointing out mistakes.D. Tech no logy will take over lives one day.Passage 3（安徽省合肥一中、蕪湖一中等六校教育研究會(huì)2016 屆高三第一次聯(lián)考）School children are usingmobile phone applications to do their homework, which seem to be increasingduring summervacations.But i nstead of blam ing stude nts for their beha

21、vior, we should say no to too much homework. This is important becauseby using mobile phone applications to do their homework, students don tadd much to their knowledge, says an article in Guangzhou-basedYangcheng Evening NewsExcerpts（摘錄）:Us ing mobile pho ne applicati ons to do homework is no diffe

22、re nt from copy ing from some one else s work. This isthe opinion of a vast majority of teachers. Students who seek cell phone apps help to do their homework will pay dearlyduring major exams whe n they cannot seek the help of such applicati ons, the teachers say.The heavy load of homework Chin ese

23、stude nts are burde ned with, said to be the heaviest i n the world, has led to thepopularity of these applicati ons.Senior high school stude nts in China rarely go to bed before 11 pm. A report in Shan ghai published in 2013 showedthat stude nts in the city on average spe nd 28.2 hours in class eve

24、ry week, the 9th highest among 65 coun tries and regions surveyed. Also, they spe nd an average of 13.8 hours a week doing homework, most i n the world.There is no associati on betwee n the amount of homework one does and the amount of kno wledge one gathers. Infact, a research by Australian experts

25、 shows that the result is exactly the opposite: the more hours students spend doinghomework, the less effective they will be in gaining knowledge.The United States is one of the countries where students do little homework, but that hasnot damaged the country s academic status in the world.So, it s t

26、ime Chinese schools understood this fact and freed students of the unnecessaryA. ridiculousB. disgustingC. acceptableD.6burde n of homework.9. What s the writer s attitude toward the students using mobile phone applications to dotheir homework?A. Support ing.B. Un dersta nding.C. Scoldi ng.D.Praisi

27、ng.10. The cause of the stude nts using mobile pho ne applicati ons to do their homework is_ .A. the heavy burde n of homeworkB. the adva nee of moder n tech no logyC. the pressure of the stude nts pare ntsD. the in flue nce of other coun tries11. What does the underlined phrase pay dearly mean?A. b

28、e rewardedB. be dismissedC. provide much moneyD. suffer a lot12. Which of the followi ng is probably the best title?A. Free kids of the burde n of homework.B. Stop using mobile phones to do homework.C. Spend less time to gain much kno wledge.D. Improve China s academic status in the world.Passage 4(

29、2016 海淀區(qū)高三年級(jí)第一學(xué)期期末)Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation that threatens thesurvival of companies everywhere. It s based on the assumption that old ideas will always work, so they shouldn t bechallenged. While this may be a valid assumption in situations that don t change, it s unlikel

30、y to hold true in a changingsituation.In today s rapid changing global environment, old methods often don t work, and stubbornly using them can leadto major problems.Most people seem to agree with conventionalwisdom becauseit gives one a false sense of security. If every one else believes it, the n

31、it must be true.Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right,and being right is good.They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work.There7In 1977, Ken Olsen, co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), stated is

32、 no reas on for any in dividualto have a computer in his home. Despite being a dominant leader in the computer in dustry, DEC no Ion ger exists.People seem to forget that since inno vati on is a cha nge, there can be no inno vati on withoutchange. Unfortunately, conventional wisdom preventsleaders,

33、followers and companies fromcha nging and therefore inno vat in g. If compa nies don t inno vate, but their competitors do, thefuture is likely to be problematic.Breaking from conventionalwisdom has led to many of the mostinno vative compa nies and products in historyacross many in dustries, so it h

34、asa powerful effecton bus in ess success.Ted Turner (foun der of CNN) knew little, if anything, about the n ews bus in ess, but he knewit was inconvenient to watch n ews only at the dinner hour, as was com mon before CNN. Turner ssoluti on was to create a cable cha nnel dedicated to n ews 24 hours a

35、 day. The n ews establishme nt reflected conven tional wisdom at the time, and predicted his idea would fail because no one wan ted to watch the news all day. However, itdoesn t take a rocket scientistto understand that viewersdon t have to watch the news all day for the CNN to work. Viewers just ha

36、ve to watch when theywant to get information. Due to conventional thinking, the critics failed to recognize theopport unity that was clear to Ted. They assumed that on ly what was familiar to them could workin the future.Conventional wisdom prevents creativity, flexibility and risk-taking, so unconv

37、entionalleaders en thusiastically break from it. To survive, thrive and main ta in competitive adva ntage, compa nies must beflexible whe n react ing to cha nge.13. DEC has disappeared probably because_.A. the consumers didn t like its productsB. the leaders lacked the sense of securityC. the CEO st

38、uck to the conven ti onal ideasD. the employees took many risks with cha nges14. The founding of CNN is used as an example to prove_.A. miss ing opport un ities could lead to failureB. cha nging could con tribute to bus in ess successC. watch ing n ews at the dinner hour is convenientD. conven ti on

39、al wisdom in flue nces bus in ess success815. What does the un derl ined part probably mean?A. Rocket scie ntists can en sure the CNN works properly.B. Most of the viewers don t like to watch the news at work.C. It s necessary to understand when people watch the news.D. It s easy to know people need

40、n t watch the news all the time.16. The passage is mainly writte n to tell us that_ .A. old methods are cha nging with timeB. opport un ities lead to bus in ess successC. conventional wisdom limits innovationD. successful compa nies n eed wise leaders題組二Passage 1（廣東省華南師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)、廣東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)、深圳中學(xué)、廣雅中學(xué)四校2016

41、 屆高三上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考）When we give our kids holiday gifts, many of us can t wait to hear their appreciative criesof thank you! once the wrapping gets ripped off. But here s a tip: You d be wise not toexpect much gratitude from them for what they receive.Gratitude can make us happier, healthier, and even fitte

42、r. But do the kids show their gratitude for the stuff we buythem? All the research I ve done has convinced me that it won t happen.One mom told me that whe n she asked her 16-year-old son to tha nk her for buying him a cellph one, he said, But that s what moms should do. From a tee nager s an gle, i

43、t s a pare nt s resp on sibility to take care of the family.Accord ing to Dun ham, Yale s assista nt professor ofpsychology, When tee nagers code it that way, a gift is no Ion ger someth ing give n freely and volun tarily it sjust mom and dad livi ng up to their obligati on.Parents do have the right

44、 to dema nd good manners and childre n should tha nk sincerely whoever gives themsometh ing. But kids can t know how blessed they are uni ess they have a basis forcomparis on. And they don t lear n that bya pare nt compla ining that they re un grateful. We n eedto give our children the gift of a wid

45、er world view. Show by example that gratitude isn t about9stuff which ultimately can t make any of us happy any way. It s about realiz ing how lucky you are and pay ing yourgood fortune forward.You can collect all the charitable appeals and sit dow n together with the kids to go throughthem. You set

46、 the budget for giving and the kids decide how it s distributed.Once the conversationabout gratitude gets started, it s much easier to continue all year. Also you can set up a family routine at bedtime wherekids describe three things that have made them grateful. When kids gooff to college, you can

47、text them a picture each week of someth ing that in spires your appreciati on.Teach ing childre n to focus on the positive and appreciate the good in their lives is perhapsthe greatest gift we can give them. And we can all learn together that the things that reallymatter aren t on sale at a departme

48、nt store.1. How do children respond when receiving gifts from their parents?A. They show no in terest in their pare nts gifts.B. They can t wait to open their parents gifts.C. They show much gratitude to their pare nts for the gifts.D. They take their pare nts gifts for gra nted.2. To make childre n

49、 grateful for what they have, pare nts should_ .A. live up to their obligati onB. ask their childre n to have good mannersC. teach their childre n by sett ing an exampleD. compla in their childre n are un grateful3. What can we lear n from the last two paragraphs?A. No gifts are greater tha n teachi

50、 ng childre n to be positive and grateful.B. Childre n ought to realize how lucky they are to have con siderate pare nts.C. Childre n are supposed to decide how to distribute their own moneyD. It is easy for parents to start the conversation about gratitude.4. What s the purpose of the author writin

51、g this text?A. To explain the reas on why childre n offer no gratitude to their pare nts.B. To give advice to parents on how to help children develop gratitude.10C. To en courage pare nts to do things together with their childre n.D. To remi nd pare nts of their resp on sibility to educate their chi

52、ldre n.Passage 2（2016 ?冀州中學(xué)月考 ） It s an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My wife saysno because we have no savings to save us. I say you only live once and we work hard and what sthe point if you can t go on holiday. The joy of a recession （不景氣 ） means no argument nextyear we just

53、won t go.Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful.For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday.A YouGov survey of 2,000 people found 22%said they were arguing more with their partners because of conc

54、erns aboutmoney. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples.Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money may be different things to menand women. People can say the same things about money but have different ideas of what it sfor, he explains. T

55、hey ll say it s to save, to spend, for security, for freedom, to showsomeone you love them. He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing theirparents that they ve achieved something.The biggest problem is that couples assume each other know what s going on with t

56、heir finances, but they don t. There seems to be more of a taboo （禁忌 ） about talking about money than aboutdeath. But you both need to know what you re doing, who s paying what into the joint account and how much you keepseparately. In a healthy relationship, you dont have to agree about money, but

57、you have to talk about it.5. What does the author say about going on holiday in Paragraph 1?A. It will cost them too much money.B. Few people can afford it without working hard.C. It makes all the hard work worthwhile.D. It is the chief cause of family quarrels.6. According to the text, what does Ki

58、m Stephenson believe?A. Money is often a symbol of a person s status.11B. Money means a great deal to both men and women.C. Men and women spend money on different things.D. Men and wome n view money in differe nt ways.7. The author suggests that couples should_.A. put their money together in stead o

59、f keep ing it separatelyB. discuss money matters to main ta in a healthy relati on shipC. make efforts to reach agreeme nt on their family budgetsD. avoid arguing about money matters to rema in roma nticPassage 3（2016 ?武邑中學(xué)期中）Choosing the Right Resolution （決定）Millio ns of America ns bega n 2016 with

60、 the same resolutio n they started 2015 with, a goal oflosing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.To reach our goal of los ing weight the output, we n eed to con trol what we eat the in put（輸入）.That is, we tend to care about the output but not to con trol the in put. This is