二次纖維單詞

1、Chapter 1 Introductionconverting n. 轉(zhuǎn)化 Stickies Control 膠黏物控制 Contaminants n. 污染物；致污物 Pulping v. 紙 制漿（ pulp 的 ing 形式） Screening v. 篩選；拍攝（screen 的 ing 形式）Cleaning v. 清潔（ clean 的 ing 形式） Washing and Thickening 洗滌與濃縮 Flotation n. 浮選（等于floatation ）Dispersion and Kneading 分散與疏解 Bleaching v. 漂白（ bleach 的

2、ing 形式） Deinking Chemicals 脫墨化學(xué)品 Stickies 膠粘物 Novel Technology 新工藝 Broad understanding 擴(kuò)展了解 Mastery 掌握 Recovered Fiber 回用纖維 Wastepaper 廢紙 the major grades 主要的等級(jí) Utilization利用Definitions定義Secondary Fiber 二次纖維 previously adv. 以前 manufacturing adj 制造的 reclaimed （ 從廢料中 ）回收利用；再制 raw material 原材料 Pre-cons

3、umer waste 用前廢料 generated 形成的 fabrication 制造 conversion 轉(zhuǎn)變 finished paper 成品紙 final end product 最后的最終產(chǎn)品 Post-consumer waste 用后廢料 Internal broke 內(nèi)部損紙 off-specification adj. 不合格的 repulp n. 重新制漿 Recovery Rate 回收率 divert 轉(zhuǎn)移 landfill 填埋Utilization Rate利用率Fraction 部分Statistical adj.統(tǒng)計(jì)的Consumption n. 消費(fèi)per

4、 head of 人均proportion 比例wood pulp 木漿non-wood pulp 非木材紙漿recycled pulp 再生漿Recovery 回收量record-high 歷史最高紀(jì)錄base-year 基準(zhǔn)年original 最初的goal 目標(biāo)benchmarked 作為基準(zhǔn)Recovery & Landfill 回用和填埋Newsprint 新聞紙Tissue 衛(wèi)生紙Net exports 凈出口Containerboard n. 盒紙板；硬紙板Boxboard 箱紙板Old Corrugated Containers (OCC) 舊瓦楞紙箱紙ONP 舊報(bào)紙

5、(Old News Papers)Mechanical Papers 機(jī)械紙Printing-Writing Papers 印刷書(shū)寫(xiě)紙Mixed Papers 廢雜紙catalog 目錄紙telephone directories 通訊簿cuttings 紙碎converting scraps 轉(zhuǎn)換殘?jiān)點(diǎn)omposed of 由組成 mill wrappers 工廠包裝紙specialty grades 輕涂紙specified 被指明的Groundwood Computer Printout 含磨木漿的計(jì)算機(jī)用紙Coated Groundwood Sections 含磨木漿的涂布紙Publi

6、cation Blanks空白刊物用紙mixed groundwood混合磨木漿FLYLEAF SHAVINGS單頁(yè)書(shū)刊紙紙邊corrugated board 瓦楞紙板；波紋紙板 container cuttings 集裝箱巖屑kraft paper and bags 牛皮紙和包舊固體纖維容器亞硫酸鹽和硫酸鹽巖屑o(jì)ld solid fiber containers kraft bag clippings 牛皮紙袋剪報(bào)Carrier Stock 手提紙袋廢料Pulp Substitutes 紙漿替代品high grade deinking 優(yōu)質(zhì)脫墨sulfite and sulfate cutt

7、ingsconcerting scrap 相關(guān)的碎片 predominantly adv. 主要地；顯著地 composed of 由組成coated book stock 涂布書(shū)籍紙 Ordinary qualities 普通質(zhì)量 Medium qualities 中等質(zhì)量 High qualities 高等質(zhì)量 Kraft qualities 牛皮紙質(zhì)量 Outthrow 廢料 manufactured 已制成的 Prohibitive Material 禁止性的材料 In excess of 超過(guò) specified maximum 指定的最大 sorted 分好類(lèi)的 sunburned

8、 有曬斑的 rotogravure n. （報(bào)紙的）影印頁(yè) colored sections 彩色部分 baled recovered paper成捆的回收紙loose recovered paper松散的回收紙Sampling of 取樣Quality characteristics 品質(zhì)特性 Moisture content 水分含量 Material composition 材料成分 fiber furnish 纖維配比 ash content 灰分含量 baling 打包 storage 存儲(chǔ) under cover 暗室存儲(chǔ)的 enclosed tacilities 封閉式的設(shè)備里

9、Composition 成分Nonpaper components 非紙成分 handsheet 手抄紙頁(yè)Bulk 纖維團(tuán)21Wood-containing 含磨木漿的 wood-free 不含磨木漿的紙張Chapter 2 ContaminantsContaminants 污染物 Large Junk 大型垃圾 screw 螺絲釘 foil 金屬薄片 film 薄膜 envelope 封套 包膜 Inks & Toners 油墨和碳粉 Wax蜂蠟 Coating 涂層 Filler 填料 Papermaking additives 抄紙助劑 deposit vi. 沉淀 Typica

10、lly 典型的 adhesive n. 粘合劑；膠黏劑 pitch 瀝青 resins 樹(shù)脂 papermachine wires 紙機(jī)成型網(wǎng) press felts 壓榨毛毯 dryer fabrics 干燥部成型網(wǎng) calendar rolls 壓光輥 significant 顯著的 neutral density 中性密度 inorganic fillers 無(wú)機(jī)填充劑 polymeric binders高聚物膠黏劑Coating binders涂料粘合劑termed 被叫為 white pitch 白樹(shù)脂 overall yield 總產(chǎn)率 slippery 光滑的 machinery

11、 機(jī)器設(shè)備 Clay 粘土 desirable 合適的 starch 淀粉 gums 樹(shù)膠 retention aids 助留劑dyes 染料specification 規(guī)范的fluorescent dyes 熒光染料Wet strength additives 濕強(qiáng)度添加劑Chapter 3 effect of recycling on fiber propertiesProperties 屬性mechanically pulped 機(jī)械漿lignin containing 木質(zhì)素含量Mechanical damage 機(jī)械損傷Loss of fines 細(xì)小纖維的損失Hardening a

12、nd stiffening 硬化和加強(qiáng)Hornification 角質(zhì)化Conformability 一致性Absorptive 吸附能力的Hemicellulose 半纖維素Decreased cleanliness 降低清潔chemical Pulps 化學(xué)漿cell wall 細(xì)胞壁Wet kraft fiber 潤(rùn)濕牛皮紙纖維Consistency 漿濃Irreversible 不可逆的Hornification 保水值（角質(zhì)化程度）Collapsed 收縮的softwood kraft pulp 針葉木硫酸鹽漿Typical plot 突出的情節(jié)Flexible 柔韌的conform

13、 符合，順從rigid 堅(jiān)硬的upon exposure 一經(jīng)曝露于fines 細(xì)小組分stiff fiber 硬質(zhì)纖維stone groundwood（SGW 盤(pán)磨機(jī)械木漿three-dimensional crosslinked polymer 三維交聯(lián)聚合物deter 防止bonds 凝聚flatening and flexiblizing扣緊和堅(jiān)固Lower freeness 低游離度drainage aid 助濾劑Low paper strength 低紙強(qiáng)度Fines 絮聚anionic trash 陰離子垃圾Decreased cleanliness降低清潔RCF abbr. 相

14、對(duì)離心力(red cell folate )Chapter 4 Operations - bleachingChromophores 發(fā)色基團(tuán)Fluorescent Whitening Agents 熒光增白劑Cellulose 纖維素Hemicellulose 半纖維素Lignin 木素Conjugated structures 共軛結(jié)構(gòu)aromatic groups 芳香烴族基團(tuán)electrophilic 親電子基團(tuán)Carbonyl groups 羰基Peroxide Bleaching 過(guò)氧化合物漂白dithionate Bleaching 連二硫酸鹽漂白FAS 磺酸甲脒Bleachin

15、g 漂白Sodium Hypochlorite (H) Bleaching 次氯酸鈉(H) 漂白Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching (C) 二氧化氯漂白(COxygen Bleaching (O) 氧漂白 (OOzone Bleaching (Z) 臭氧漂白(ZSodium Silicate 硅酸鈉water glass 水玻璃Chelating agents 螯合劑cellulosic materials 纖維素樹(shù)脂chromophores 發(fā)色基團(tuán)brightness 亮度Fluorescent Whitening Agents (FWA) 熒光增白劑Dye 染料Dest

16、ruction 破壞Modification 改性Pigments 顏料lattice structure of molecules分子的晶格結(jié)構(gòu)illuminating 照明Reflectance 反射率magnesium oxide powder 氧化鎂粉體diffusely 廣泛地integrating sphere積分球imaginary 虛構(gòu)的diffusing surface.表面擴(kuò)散Scales 衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)coordinate systems 坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)index 指標(biāo)Fluorescence Measurement 熒光追蹤示意法Ultraviolet 紫外線輻射re-emitte

17、d 再發(fā)輻射Brightness w/o UV filter 亮度 w / o 紫外線過(guò)濾器Extractives 提取物alkaline environments 堿性環(huán)境aromatic 芳香族的carbonyl 羰基的azo groups 偶氮基conjugated adj. 共軛的the conjugated double bonds 共軛雙鍵linerboard 掛面紙板Condensed 縮合的double bonds of carbon 碳碳雙鍵chlorine dioxide 二氧化氯oxidize 使氧化interrupting 打斷conjugation 結(jié)合non-deg

18、rading 無(wú)壓損，無(wú)降解Peroxide 過(guò)氧化物Dithionate 連二硫酸鹽Soluble 可溶解的perhydroxyl anion過(guò)氧化氫陰離子nucleophilic adj.親核的delignifying 脫木素chromophore 發(fā)色集團(tuán)optimized 最佳的activation 激活作用alkali 強(qiáng)堿性Application 適用性interfering substance 干擾物質(zhì)Heavy metal ions 重金屬離子Decompose 分解Stabilize 穩(wěn)定Colloidal 膠體狀的Deactivate V 使無(wú)效Surfactant 表面活

19、性劑Penetrant 滲透劑Anticorrosion 防腐劑Enzymes 酶Catalases 過(guò)氧化氫酶Chelating agents 螯合劑Complexes 復(fù)合物hydrogen peroxide 過(guò)氧化氫microorganisms 微生物vegetal cells 植物細(xì)胞toxic 有毒的thermally denature 熱處理使其變性biocide 抗微生物劑Pulper 碎漿機(jī)Compensate 抵消Decolorize 使脫色Alkaline 堿性的alkali darkening 堿致暗Disperser 分流擴(kuò)散器Residence time 停留時(shí)間De

20、grade 降級(jí)Tower 塔Suction 吸嘴medium consistency pump 中濃漿泵upflow tower 向上流向塔Caustic 苛性鈉Conveyor 輸送帶Standpipe 圓筒形水塔the high density storage chest / tower高密度儲(chǔ)漿塔High Shear Mixer 高剪攪拌器market pulp 商品漿neutralized 中和degradation 降解hydrosulfite bleaching 次硫酸鹽漂白incorrect term 不正確的術(shù)語(yǔ)Sodium Hydrosulfite 連二亞硫酸鈉Dithio

21、nate ion 連二硫酸鹽離子Calcium or magnesium 鈣和鎂離子Precipitate 使沉淀Chelant 螯合劑diluted and pumped 稀釋和泵送Formamidine Sulphinic Acid ( FAS)磺酸甲脒Odor 氣味Crystanline 結(jié)晶的Slightly soluble 微溶Initial 初始的calcium carbonate n. 無(wú)化 碳酸鈣Sodium Hypochlorite (H) Bleaching 次氯酸鈉(H) 漂白Oxidative bleaching 氧漂Inexpensive 便宜的no chlorine

22、 free label 不含氯標(biāo)簽？dissolving chlorine gas 溶解氯氣caustic solution 苛性堿溶液chloroform n.氯仿；三氯甲烷carcinogen n.致癌物質(zhì)hypochlorous acid 無(wú)化 次氯酸Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching (D 二氧化氯漂白(Dexcellent color stripping優(yōu)秀的顏色剝離detackify 防止粘連tolerate 適用pressurized vessel 壓力容器optical whiteners 光學(xué)增白劑capital cost 會(huì)計(jì) 資本成本frequently

23、 經(jīng)常性reagent n. 試劑 試劑；反應(yīng)物fluorescence n.熒光；熒光性Single stages 單級(jí)Oxidative 氧化的Reductive 還原的Susceptible 敏感的Chapter 4 Operations - cleaningTapered 錐形的 conical adj.圓錐的；圓錐形的cone angle錐角，圓錐角；錐體角度cylinder 氣缸，泵體 cylindrical adj. 圓柱形的；圓柱體的 inward 向內(nèi)部的 upward adj. 向上的 downward adj. 向下的 Overflow vi. 溢出 Underflow

24、n. 水文 底流； 計(jì) 下溢 High density cleaner高密度清潔器forward cleaner 迅速清潔器 through flow cleaner通流清潔器centrifugal force 力 離心力；地心引力 drag force 拖曳力， 水利 曳力gravitational force 萬(wàn)有引力，地心引力；重力 Cyclone 旋風(fēng)分離器 hydrocyclone n. 水力旋流器；渦流除塵器；旋液分離器 impurities 雜質(zhì) bark 樹(shù)皮 rotational fluid motion 流體旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng) tapered cylinder 錐形氣缸 denser

25、 particles 密集的粒子 accepted stock inlet 合格漿入口 staples 訂書(shū)釘 downstream equipment 后續(xù)設(shè)備 glues 粘合劑 adhesive 膠黏劑 foam 泡沫 reverse cleaners 反向清潔器 Functional adj. 功能的 Reject Rate 廢品率 parallel fashion 平行時(shí)尚 typical industrial flows典型的工業(yè)流Canister n. 筒 ，臥式吸塵器Cascade Arrangement of Cleaners 除塵器的階梯式排列 Tertiary 第三級(jí)的

26、Stock 原料的density 密度dirt 灰塵body diameter 凹模外徑feed inlet configuration 飼料進(jìn)口配置accept diameter 良漿出口直徑spiral grooves application 螺旋細(xì)槽應(yīng)用fixed orifice 固定孔back pressure 反壓力Parameters 參數(shù)particle properties粒子性質(zhì)favorable hydrodynamic shape 良好的流體力學(xué)形態(tài)sphere 球狀的flat plate 平板狀brief 簡(jiǎn)短的particle slip velocity顆粒滑落速度C

27、hapter 4 Operations - dispersionDispersion 分散Adhesive 膠黏劑hot melt glues 熱熔膠Pressure sensitive 壓敏材料Bitumen 瀝青Kneading 揉捏Shear force 剪切力Peripheral speed 圓周速率Circumferential speed 圓周速率Velocity 周轉(zhuǎn)速度Axial 軸向的Casting 鑄造Housing 外殼Fitting 裝置Recovered Paper Stock 回收紙?jiān)蟅arnish 亮光漆Microns 微米sub-visible 低于可見(jiàn)的Di

28、sk Dispersion 盤(pán)磨疏散Bars or teeth 柵欄或牙Protruding 伸出的Shaft 桿Dewatered 脫水Screw 螺旋體diluted and agitated 稀釋與攪動(dòng)preheater 預(yù)熱器stationary 固定的Single Shaft Kneader 單軸機(jī)Discharged 排出Double Shaft Kneader 雙軸機(jī)Drawbacks 弊端High initial capital cost 高投入成本Sticky 粘性的Mechanism n. 機(jī)制；原理，途徑；進(jìn)程；機(jī)械裝置；技巧Shear 剪切Rub 摩擦Tappi Dir

29、t Tappi 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的污垢Substantial 大量的Chapter 4 Operations - flotationBuoyancy 浮力Collide 碰撞Collision 碰撞Hydrophobic 疏水性的Hydrophilic 親水性的Affinity 親和力Momentum力stream line 流水線flow rate 流速turbulent 湍流的foaming agent 發(fā)泡劑circuit 回路in series 連續(xù)的attachment 附著air bubbles 氣泡steadily 穩(wěn)定的Flotation Cell 浮選池flotation device

30、浮選設(shè)備Foam 泡沫Incorporated 被合并Suspended 懸浮著的Hydrophobicity 疏水性Detachment 分離Density 密度Affinity 吸引力contact and adhere 接觸和依附 preferential separation 選擇性分離 hairy particles 毛狀微粒lodge 嵌入promotes 促進(jìn)Collector Soaps 肥皂收集器 salts of fatty acids 脂肪酸鹽 agglomerates 團(tuán)聚體，聚合物Synthetic Collectors 合成劑收集器Non-ionic 非離子的Dis

31、pensator 供給者Dosage 用劑量disrupt flow patterns 破壞流動(dòng)模式knock off 中斷flowrate 流速流量likelihood 可能性enhance 提高Black Clawson Flotator 布萊克克勞森浮選機(jī)Pressurized Deinking Module 加壓脫墨模塊Parameters 參數(shù)Yield 產(chǎn)量Opacity 透明度Chapter 4 Operations - pulpingslurry 懸浮液pulp suspension 漿料懸浮液pulp stock 漿料Batch pulping 間歇打漿continuous

32、pulping 連續(xù)打漿Agitation 攪動(dòng)baffle 擋板protrusion 突出物swirling 渦流detach 分離hydraulic power 流體傳動(dòng)Fiber bundle 纖維束B(niǎo)ale wire 打包鐵絲nail 釘子bolt 螺栓ragger 水力碎漿機(jī)用絞繩裝置conveyor 傳送帶convert 改變成 slurry 懸浮液components 成分most critical operation 最關(guān)鍵操作downstream 順流的irreversibly 不可逆地inappropriate 不合適的sub-objectives 局部目標(biāo)debris 碎

33、片Category 種類(lèi)pumpable fluid 可泵送流體conveyor 傳送帶adjacent 相鄰的Attrition 消耗helical screw 螺旋碎漿機(jī)dominates 控制Comparison 對(duì)比non-fluid pulp 非液漿viscosity 粘度Attrition forces 剪切力tensile 拉緊的burst 爆破的susceptible 敏感的gentle 溫和的plugging 堵塞Dilution Zone 摻混區(qū)External Detrasher 外置垃圾去除器dilution water 稀釋水unpulped flakes 未打碎薄片

34、attrition 消耗strings 帶狀物entangled 纏住Drum pulping 轉(zhuǎn)鼓碎漿機(jī)inclined 傾斜的minimizes fiber degradation 纖維降解最小化aggressive 非常好的defiberize 分離纖維Remove Large Debris 移除大件碎片Detach contaminants 分離污染物Chapter 4 Operations - screeningDeformability可變形性Barrier 柵欄circumference圓周perforation 孔眼negative 消極的positive 積極的purge 凈

35、化contoured 波紋狀的Pressure drop 壓降slot 溝槽magnification 放大率Stiff 僵硬的coarse holes 粗孔fine holes 細(xì)孔coarse slots 粗縫fine slots細(xì)縫resistance阻力passage 通過(guò)Blinding 堵塞foil 金屬箔片rotating foil 旋轉(zhuǎn)箔pulse 脈沖sweeping foil 席卷箔momentarily 隨時(shí)地reverse 顛倒，逆轉(zhuǎn)purging 清除Configurations 配置Screen Plates 篩板Contour 輪廓Plate Opening 二頭

36、平通Cleanliness 清潔Layout 布局cascaded screens 串聯(lián)的篩板Open Gravity Screen 戶(hù)外重力篩Summary Pressure Screen 簡(jiǎn)要壓力篩promote 促進(jìn)throughput 生產(chǎn)量Chapter 4 Operations - washingWasher 洗滌器Filtration process 過(guò)濾過(guò)程Filter 過(guò)濾器Filter mat 濾水氈墊Filter cake 濾餅Debris particles 碎屑顆粒Conventional ink 傳統(tǒng)的墨水Aqueous ink 水性墨水Colloidal 使膠體化

37、Thickener 濃縮機(jī)Dewater 使脫水Decker 脫水機(jī)Wet laps 濕圈Sludge 沉淀物Slurry 泥漿，懸浮液Blade 刀片Rinse 沖洗掉Laden 裝載的Intended 預(yù)期的Pulp Mat Formation 紙漿墊成型Subsequent 隨后的discharge level 泄流液位water loops regarding chemical 水循環(huán)有關(guān)化學(xué)品Theoretical maximum 理論最高限度Interception 攔截Inertia 慣性Diffusion 擴(kuò)散Gravity 重力 hydrodynamic effects 流體

38、動(dòng)力效應(yīng)Belt filter 帶式過(guò)濾機(jī)Static filter 靜態(tài)過(guò)濾器Schematic 原理圖，圖解double nip thickener 雙夾層濃縮機(jī)Sidehill Screen 傾流式過(guò)濾篩Filtration過(guò)濾式Filter mat濾水氈墊Mechanical pressing 機(jī)壓成型Belt and drum 皮帶和鼓Twin wire press 雙網(wǎng)壓榨Screw press 螺旋壓榨機(jī)Chapter 5 Deinking Process and Deinking Chemistryprinting inks 印刷用油墨dispersed 分散到efficacy

39、 功效ease 松弛，輕松impact 影響Flotation Chemicals 浮選劑Prior 先前的Soda 蘇打Portion 部分saponify and hydrolyze 皂化和水解mixability 混合程度reflocculation 凝聚stabilizes alkalinity 穩(wěn)定堿度stabilizer 穩(wěn)定劑polymerized sodium silicate聚合硅酸鈉soluble polymer可溶性聚合物polyatomic ions多原子離子boundary layers邊界層Silicate of soda 硅酸鈉Enhance 提高Dispersion 分散Reprecipitation 再沉淀 Thermoplastic 熱塑性的 Impurities 雜質(zhì)Inadequate 不適當(dāng)?shù)?offset inks 膠印油墨 chemical covalent bonds 化學(xué)共價(jià)鍵 molecules 分子 insoluble 難以溶解的Synthetic surfactants 合成的表面活性劑 Foam 泡沫Soap 肥皂Residual soap 殘留肥皂Ultimately precipitate 最終沉淀Agglomerates 團(tuán)聚體Binding agents