Unit_2_Fruitful_Questions

1、Unit 2Fruitful QuestionsFruitful Questions Unit 2Unit 2 Fruitful QuestionsWarm-up Questions1Background Information2New words and Phrases3Text Analysis4Exercises 5 Information Related to the Text James Socllisch-American freelance writer 詹姆斯詹姆斯 索里斯克：索里斯克： 美國自由作家美國自由作家Sesame Street Sesame Street An Am

2、erican long running childrens television show that combines education with entertainment. One of the games played on the show is the “What Doesnt Belong” game. It is produced in the United States by Sesame Workshop, and broadcasted on November 10, 1969 on the National Educational Television network.

3、 Copernicus(1473-1543) Polish astronomer. Founder of modern astronomy. He brought up the theory the sun, and not the earth, is the center of the solar system, and the earth and other planets revolve around the sun, which completely changed the way universe was viewed. Hagen-Dazs and Reuben Mattus Re

4、uben Mattus (1913-1994) He worked in his mothers ice cream business selling fruit ice and ice cream in the streets of the Bronx, New York. The family had many popular products, but Reuben wanted to make one truly standing out among the rest. In 1959, the ice cream he was working on for a decade was

5、ready for market. He called it Hagen-Dazs. In 1976, Mr. Mattus daughter Doris opened the first Hagen-Dazs shop. It was an immediate success, and its popularity led to a rapid expansion of Hagen-Dazs shops across the country. Eduwar Jenner(1749-1823)愛德華愛德華 詹納詹納 : British physician. His invention of v

6、accination against smallpox was an immense medical breakthrough and has saved countless lives. Thomas Kuhn(1922-1996)托馬斯庫恩托馬斯庫恩: influential American philosopher of science. His The Structure of Scientific Revolution is one of the most cited academic books of all time. the information highway: the w

7、orld wide computer network that includes the Internet. It permits the rapid sending of many different forms of data, including voice, video and text. 信息高速公路：信息高速公路： paradigm(范式范式)： the usual way of thinking about something paradigm shifts: (范式轉(zhuǎn)移范式轉(zhuǎn)移/ 范式變化范式變化) a major change in the usual way of thin

8、king about something 范式的概念和理論是美國著名科學(xué)哲學(xué)家托馬斯范式的概念和理論是美國著名科學(xué)哲學(xué)家托馬斯庫恩提出并在庫恩提出并在科學(xué)革命的結(jié)構(gòu)（科學(xué)革命的結(jié)構(gòu)（1962）中系統(tǒng)闡述的。）中系統(tǒng)闡述的。 指常規(guī)科學(xué)所賴以運(yùn)作的理論基礎(chǔ)和實(shí)踐規(guī)范，是從事某一科學(xué)指常規(guī)科學(xué)所賴以運(yùn)作的理論基礎(chǔ)和實(shí)踐規(guī)范，是從事某一科學(xué)的研究者群體所共同遵從的世界觀和行為方式的研究者群體所共同遵從的世界觀和行為方式 一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的范式如果不能提供解決問題的適當(dāng)方式，它就會(huì)變?nèi)跻粋€(gè)穩(wěn)定的范式如果不能提供解決問題的適當(dāng)方式，它就會(huì)變?nèi)?，從而出現(xiàn)范式轉(zhuǎn)移，從而出現(xiàn)范式轉(zhuǎn)移(Paradigm Shift)。

9、按照庫恩的定義，范式轉(zhuǎn)。按照庫恩的定義，范式轉(zhuǎn)移就是新的概念傳統(tǒng)，是對某一知識和活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域采取全新的和變移就是新的概念傳統(tǒng)，是對某一知識和活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域采取全新的和變化了的視角，是對長期形成的思維習(xí)慣、價(jià)值觀的改變和轉(zhuǎn)移化了的視角，是對長期形成的思維習(xí)慣、價(jià)值觀的改變和轉(zhuǎn)移 limitation of linear thinking直線思維的局限直線思維的局限 linear thinking:the traditional logical approach to problem solving. 直線思維：直線思維：指傳統(tǒng)的解決問題的邏輯方法。指傳統(tǒng)的解決問題的邏輯方法。 線性思維通常和水平思維相對。

10、有的人，認(rèn)為這種方法線性思維通常和水平思維相對。有的人，認(rèn)為這種方法有局限性，需要水平思維加以補(bǔ)充。水平思維即利用更有局限性，需要水平思維加以補(bǔ)充。水平思維即利用更多的非傳統(tǒng)和創(chuàng)新的手段解決問題。多的非傳統(tǒng)和創(chuàng)新的手段解決問題。 refocus parameters: 重新瞄準(zhǔn)各種限定性因素重新瞄準(zhǔn)各種限定性因素 looking at things that were previously ignored 審視以前被忽略的因素審視以前被忽略的因素I. New Words：A) word building1. n. ment , -sion ,-ation ,-tion ,- ence ,-an

11、ce / -er , or, -arExcitement, verson , vaccination ,evolution ,difference, importance ,Parameter, clamor, beggar2.Compound word Strawberry, workbook, ever-growing, downshift3.adj. ful ,- tive , -able, -ible ,-al,Fruitful , preventive, notable, impossible, nationalB) usage1. fruitful: producing good

12、results; successful-It was a fruitful meeting; we made a lot of important decisions.2. despite: in spite of-Despite the heat, he wore a black leather jacket.3. definitely: certainlyI cant tell you definitely when I will come.4contract: v.1) become smaller or narrowerMetals contract as they get coole

13、r2) sign a contract We have contracted with a firm for the supply of fuel. 3) get or develop (an illness My son has contracted malaria 5. notable: important and deserving attention -Most birds sing only in daylight, one notable exception being the nightingale. 6access: n. the right to enter a place

14、,use sth. ,see sb. Etc. Access to secret files is restricted to senor management only. Gain/get access ( to sth.) The police managed to gain access through an upstairs window. Key Words & Expressions 1.fruitful: adj. producing good results 多產(chǎn)的，富有成多產(chǎn)的，富有成效的，效的， E.g今天的會(huì)議比上周的會(huì)議更有成效。今天的會(huì)議比上周的會(huì)議更有成效。

15、 Todays meeting was more fruitful than last weeks. 擴(kuò)展：擴(kuò)展： fruitless: adj. 不結(jié)果實(shí)的，不結(jié)果實(shí)的， fruitfully: adv. 產(chǎn)量多地，產(chǎn)量多地， fruitfulness: n. 果實(shí)累累果實(shí)累累 2. limitation: n. being limited 限制，局限性，缺陷，不限制，局限性，缺陷，不足足 E.g.盡管這個(gè)調(diào)查有局限性盡管這個(gè)調(diào)查有局限性,它確實(shí)表明一些總體趨勢。它確實(shí)表明一些總體趨勢。 Despite the limitations of the survey, it did sugges

16、t some general trends. 這是一部好車，但是它有其自身的不足。這是一部好車，但是它有其自身的不足。 Its a nice car, but it has its limitations. 擴(kuò)展：擴(kuò)展： limit: v. 限定，限制限定，限制 limited: adj. 有限的有限的 limitless: adj. 無限的，無限的， 3. version: n. A.型式；型式； 改編形式；改編形式； 大眾最新車型大眾最新車型 the latest version of the Volkswagen Golf B.(個(gè)人的個(gè)人的)說法，描述說法，描述; 她向我們描述了她所認(rèn)

17、為的那天發(fā)生的事情。她向我們描述了她所認(rèn)為的那天發(fā)生的事情。 She gave us her version of what had happened that day. C.(電影，劇本，音樂等電影，劇本，音樂等)版本，版本， 根據(jù)戰(zhàn)爭與和平改編的電影根據(jù)戰(zhàn)爭與和平改編的電影 the film version of War and Peace D.譯本譯本這部小說的英文譯本預(yù)定明年出版發(fā)行。這部小說的英文譯本預(yù)定明年出版發(fā)行。 The English version of the novel is due for publication next year. 4.despite: prep.

18、 in spite of 盡管，不管盡管，不管 例句：例句：盡管他申請了數(shù)百個(gè)工作，但任然在失業(yè)中。盡管他申請了數(shù)百個(gè)工作，但任然在失業(yè)中。 Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work. 盡管他認(rèn)為物理枯燥無味，他卻學(xué)得很好。盡管他認(rèn)為物理枯燥無味，他卻學(xué)得很好。 He was good at physics despite the fact that he found it boring. 5.definitely: adv. undoubtedly，certainly清楚地，明確清楚地，明確地；地； 肯定，當(dāng)

19、然肯定，當(dāng)然 例句：例句：我記得這封信肯定發(fā)出去了。我記得這封信肯定發(fā)出去了。 I definitely remember sending the letter. “那是你所期待的嗎？那是你所期待的嗎？” “當(dāng)然是。當(dāng)然是?！?Was it what you expected? Yes, definitely. 擴(kuò)展：擴(kuò)展： definite: adj. 確定的，肯定的確定的，肯定的 6.messy: adj. dirty, untidy or lacking order 凌亂的，臟凌亂的，臟的的 例句：例句：對不起，這個(gè)地方很亂，我一直沒時(shí)間清掃。對不起，這個(gè)地方很亂，我一直沒時(shí)間清掃。 S

20、orry. The place is quite messy. I havent had time to clear up. 擴(kuò)展：擴(kuò)展： mess : n. 混亂混亂 messily: adv. 亂糟糟地亂糟糟地 7.quest: n. a long search for sth. that is difficult to find追求，尋求追求，尋求 搭配：搭配： quest for 尋求，追求尋求，追求 例句：例句：對幸福對幸福/知識知識/真理的真理的 追求追求 the quest for happiness/ knowledge/ truth 8.contract: v. get an

21、 illness 感染感染 例句例句:那個(gè)地方有三分之二那個(gè)地方有三分之二 的人感染了艾滋病。的人感染了艾滋病。 Two-thirds of the population there has contracted AIDS. n. 合同合同 9.notable: adj. deserving to be noticed, remarkable 顯著顯著的，著名的，值得注意的的，著名的，值得注意的這個(gè)教堂一個(gè)顯著的特征就是它與眾不同的鐘塔。這個(gè)教堂一個(gè)顯著的特征就是它與眾不同的鐘塔。 A notable feature of the church is its unusual clock tow

22、er. 10. evolution: A. 進(jìn)化（生）；進(jìn)化（生）； 例句：例句： 達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論 Darwins theory of evolution B. the gradual development of sth演變，發(fā)展，漸進(jìn)演變，發(fā)展，漸進(jìn) 你知道從種子發(fā)展成為植物的過程嗎你知道從種子發(fā)展成為植物的過程嗎? Do you know about the evolution of a seed into a plant? 11.access: n. 1. a way of entering or reaching a place通道；通路；通道；通路； ( to sth

23、) 去那農(nóng)舍的惟一通路是穿過田野。去那農(nóng)舍的惟一通路是穿過田野。 The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 2. the opportunity or right to use sth 機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利 市民可以免費(fèi)使用這個(gè)圖書館。市民可以免費(fèi)使用這個(gè)圖書館。 Citizens may have free access to the library. 12. nowhere: adv. not anywhere 無處，哪里都不無處，哪里都不 “這個(gè)周末你打算去哪里？這個(gè)周末你打算去哪里？” “沒什么地方可去。沒什么地方可去

24、?！?Where are you going this weekend? Nowhere special. 擴(kuò)展：擴(kuò)展： get nowhere / get sb nowhere：to make no progress or have no success (讓某人讓某人) 毫無進(jìn)展毫無進(jìn)展 我們就此事討論了一個(gè)上午，可是毫無進(jìn)展。我們就此事討論了一個(gè)上午，可是毫無進(jìn)展。 We discussed it all morning but got nowhere. 和他談話你會(huì)一無所獲。和他談話你會(huì)一無所獲。 Talking to him will get you nowhere. 14. unc

25、over: vt. to find out about sth that has been kept secret 揭開，揭露，揭開，揭露， 例句：例句： 揭露一起陰謀。揭露一起陰謀。 uncover a plot Expressions: 1. take out: remove 去掉，拿出，抽出去掉，拿出，抽出 你褲子上的這些墨跡不容易洗掉。你褲子上的這些墨跡不容易洗掉。 It isnt easy to take out these stains from your trousers. 2. think up: produce (a new idea, etc.) by thinking h

26、ard 想出來；想出來； 發(fā)明發(fā)明 她想出了一個(gè)有趣的游戲，讓孩子們玩。她想出了一個(gè)有趣的游戲，讓孩子們玩。 She thought up a funny game for the children to play. 3. in short: briefly, in a few words總之，簡言之總之，簡言之 總之，如果我們想過四級，就要好好準(zhǔn)備。總之，如果我們想過四級，就要好好準(zhǔn)備。 In short, if we want to pass CET-4, we must prepare carefully. 4. bring up: raise 提出提出(供討論或促使注意供討論或促使注意

27、) 昨天的會(huì)議又提出了那個(gè)問題。昨天的會(huì)議又提出了那個(gè)問題。 The question was brought up again at yesterdays meeting. Homework: Preview text, Review words and expressions P33, 1, 2,II. Text1.Warm-up Questions2.Background information3.Global analysis4.Language Points: Warm-up Questions: 1) Imagine you have in front of you an oran

28、ge, a tomato and a strawberry. Which one does not belong with the other two? Why?2)Do you think it is important to develop students ability to see things in fresh ways? Why or why not? 3)What do you think of the idea that the purpose of education is to develop a taste for constantly asking questions

29、? 3Global analysis 1)What type is the text? A narration B description C exposition D argumentation What pattern is the text organized in? A problem-solution B cause-effect C general-specific D time / sequence 5.Introductory Remarks When we try to tackle a problem, we may sometimes stick to the usual

30、 way of thinking about it, thus often making it difficult to find a solution. We need to remember, therefore, that it is important to learn to look at things in fresh ways and use unconventional creative means in trying to solve problems. James Sollisch, author of the present essay, learned about th

31、e importance of creative thinking while playing the What Doesnt Belong game with his children. In the essay, with examples ranging from his own children to some of the worlds greatest scientists, he helps explain the nature of creative thinking and calls on the reader to think creatively. 2)Main ide

32、as of paragraphs Paras1-5 The authors children teach him about paradigm shifts. paras68 Three examples of shifting old paradigms in history. paras9 12 The importance of shifting old paradigms. Para. 13 The author encourages people to look at information in a new way. 4)Language Points: Para.1(lines

33、1-3) 1.took time out from their food fight to teach me about paradigm shifts, and limitations of linear thinking and how to refocus parameters. take out: remove it isnt easy to take out these stains from your trousers. Translate the sentence into Chinese. （我的三個(gè)孩子）停止了以食物相互打架，教我偶關(guān)范（我的三個(gè)孩子）停止了以食物相互打架，教

34、我偶關(guān)范式變化、線性思維的局限以及如何重新瞄準(zhǔn)限定性的因式變化、線性思維的局限以及如何重新瞄準(zhǔn)限定性的因素。素。 Paras.2-5(lines4-19) 1.The oldest didnt take more than a second to deliver his smug answer: “Tomato because the other two are fruits.” 1)本句是本句是”it takes sb. Some time to do sth.”的句式的句式 （It took them less than half an hour to finish the examina

35、tion paper.） 2.I agreed that this was the right answer despite the fact that some purists insist a tomato is a fruit. Insist 在本句的意思相當(dāng)在本句的意思相當(dāng) ，所以后面接的賓語從句不，所以后面接的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)在用虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)在purists眼中眼中“a tomato is a fruit. ”相當(dāng)于真理。而當(dāng)相當(dāng)于真理。而當(dāng)insist表示表示“堅(jiān)決要求堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí)，后面接賓語從句則要求用虛時(shí)，后面

36、接賓語從句則要求用虛擬語氣。擬語氣。 He insisted that we (should ) set a deadline for handing in the plan. 3.To those of us forced as kids to eat them in salads, tomatoes will always be vegetables 1).It is a past participle modifying “those of us”. To those of us who were forced to eat tomatoes in salads during child

37、hood, they surely belong to vegetables. 2). Translate the sentence into Chinese. 對我們這些從小就被迫吃拌在色拉里的西紅柿的人來說對我們這些從小就被迫吃拌在色拉里的西紅柿的人來說，西紅柿永遠(yuǎn)是蔬菜。，西紅柿永遠(yuǎn)是蔬菜。 Paras.6-8(lines20-41) 1. It was messier than a food fight and much more important than whether a tomato is a fruit or vegetable. 1)We can infer from t

38、he sentence that the game is not as simple as it appears. It inspires us to think more behind the game itself. 2). Translate the sentence into Chinese. 這事兒比爭搶食物還亂，比西紅柿是水果還是蔬菜重要這事兒比爭搶食物還亂，比西紅柿是水果還是蔬菜重要得多。得多。 2.My kids were doing what Copernicus did when he placed the sun at the center of the universe

39、, readjusting the centuries-old paradigm of an Earth-centered system. 1)Copernicus thought that the sun is the center of the universe and what he did changed the Earth centered theory which had dominated human brain for centuries .What my children were doing just now is almost he same as what Copern

40、icus did centuries ago. 2)這里出現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)相同，內(nèi)容和意思相近的三個(gè)句子，夠這里出現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)相同，內(nèi)容和意思相近的三個(gè)句子，夠成排比（成排比（parallelism）句式。顯得非常有氣勢。）句式。顯得非常有氣勢。 -Some people think that the weather is unpleasant, the city ugly and dirty, the competition fierce and the streets unsafe. Paras9-12(lines42-65)1.Maybe that explains why so many of the

41、 worlds most brilliant scientists and inventors were failures in school, the most notable being Albert Einstein, who was perhaps this centurys most potent paradigm-shifter. 1) What is the implied meaning of the sentence? So far, the education system has not been very successful. 2)獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) 在分詞作狀語時(shí)，其

42、邏輯主語一般與句子一致。分詞獨(dú)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語一般與句子一致。分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)表示伴隨情況、時(shí)間、原因等。立結(jié)構(gòu)表示伴隨情況、時(shí)間、原因等。 Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once. 2.I bring this up because we seem to be at a point in the evolution of our society where everyone is clamoring for more technology, for instant access to ever-growing

43、 bodies of information. 1)It is an attributive clause used to modify the word “point”. 2). bring up: mention or start to talk about -There are several points Id like to bring up at the meeting tomorrow. 3)Translate the sentence into Chinese. 我提出這一點(diǎn)，是因?yàn)槲覀兊纳鐣?huì)似乎發(fā)展到了這樣一我提出這一點(diǎn)，是因?yàn)槲覀兊纳鐣?huì)似乎發(fā)展到了這樣一個(gè)階段，人人都大聲要

44、求得到更多的技術(shù)，大聲要求即個(gè)階段，人人都大聲要求得到更多的技術(shù)，大聲要求即刻享用不斷增多的信息?？滔碛貌粩嘣龆嗟男畔?。 3. nowhere: not anywhere -Nowhere could I find the book I needed. 4.But unless we shift our paradigms and refocus our parameters, the super information highway will lead us nowhere. 1). Paraphrase the sentence. Only if we shift our paradig

45、ms and refocus our parameters can we take the great advantage of the super information highway. 2). Translate the sentence into Chinese 但是，除非我們改變范式、重新看待相關(guān)的各種因素，但是，除非我們改變范式、重新看待相關(guān)的各種因素，否則，信息高速公路就不會(huì)給我們帶來什么結(jié)果。否則，信息高速公路就不會(huì)給我們帶來什么結(jié)果。 5. We are not now, nor have we recently been suffering from a lack of i

46、nformation. What can we infer from the sentence? The key point is not the lack of information. What we need is not more information but new ways of looking at it. 6. And he didnt do anything less Earth-shattering (pun intended) than completely change the way the universe was viewed. 1)The author int

47、ends the word “Earth-shattering” to be a pun a clever and amusing use of a word with more than one meaning. It can be interpreted as meaning either “Earth-shaking”(profound in significance) or “exploding the Earth-centered theory.” 2). Translate the sentence into Chinese 但他作出了足以震撼地球的（權(quán)作雙關(guān)語）驚人但他作出了足以

48、震撼地球的（權(quán)作雙關(guān)語）驚人之舉，完全改變了人們對宇宙的看之舉，完全改變了人們對宇宙的看 法。法。 7. uncover: make known or disclose; discover -Its the polices responsibility to uncover the truth. Para.13(lines66-71) We need to discover, as my kids did, that there is more than one right answer, there is more than one right question and there is m

49、ore than one way to look at a body of information. We need to remember that when you have only a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail. 1). Analyze the sentence. This is a typical parallel structure used as an emphasis. 2). Can you find more examples of the parallel structure in the text?

50、They were refocusing the parameters. They were redefining the problems. They were reframing the questions. In short, they were doing what every scientist whos ever made an important discovery throughout history has done, according to Thomas Kuhn, in his book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions:

51、 They were shifting old paradigms. Summary of the text When we are asked to answer a question, we usually believe there is only one right solution to that question and tend to look at it only in one way. Form the game “which doesnt belong ” played by the authors children, the author realizes that it

52、 is not unusual that in order to figure out the correct answer, we just stick to conventions and dare not to be creative and different. The author urges us to learn to redefine and reframe questions when working on a problem. Its more important to cultivate creative thinking than to accumulate infor

53、mation if you cannot look at those information with fresh eyes. Homework: Memorize the passage on page 31, Doing exercises III Study & Practice:1.1)fruitful 2) evolution 3)limitations 4) versions 5)Despite 6) intends 7)in short 8) access 9)nowhere 10)super 11)messy 12)online 2.1) despite 2)contr

54、acting 3)data 4)intended 5)( his ) limitations 6)fruitful 7)uncovered 8)definitely 9) view 10) milder 11)notable 12) quest 3. 1) think up 想出，想出， 2) bring up 提出提出 3) took out 拿出，取出，去掉拿出，取出，去掉 4) setting back 阻礙，使受挫折，使退步阻礙，使受挫折，使退步 5)gives off 發(fā)出（氣，光等），發(fā)出（氣，光等）， 6) springing up 迅速地或突然地出現(xiàn)，發(fā)展，生長迅速地或突然地出

55、現(xiàn)，發(fā)展，生長 7) came to 蘇醒，醒來蘇醒，醒來 8) lit up light up 點(diǎn)著，變亮，點(diǎn)燃，點(diǎn)著，變亮，點(diǎn)燃， 引申為使引申為使(人人的臉等的臉等)放光彩，容光煥發(fā)，放光彩，容光煥發(fā)， light up with sth 因因 而放光彩，容光煥發(fā)而放光彩，容光煥發(fā) sail into 順利地或極有信心地沿某方向進(jìn)行順利地或極有信心地沿某方向進(jìn)行。 當(dāng)他的約會(huì)對象神態(tài)自若地走進(jìn)房間的時(shí)當(dāng)他的約會(huì)對象神態(tài)自若地走進(jìn)房間的時(shí)候，他因喜悅而榮光煥發(fā)。候，他因喜悅而榮光煥發(fā)。 9) made for 走向，走去走向，走去 10) left behind 留下，遺留留下，遺留 IV

56、. Enriching Your World Power 1.第一種復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成是名詞第一種復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成是名詞+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，它動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，它可以修飾特定的名詞。如：可以修飾特定的名詞。如： an Earth centered system 地心說地心說 a heartbroken mother傷心欲絕的母親傷心欲絕的母親 handmade furniture 手工制作的家具手工制作的家具 a snow- covered mountain雪山雪山 bloodshot eyes 充血的眼睛充血的眼睛 a state-run factory 國營工廠國營工廠 a weather-be

57、aten face 飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的臉飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的臉 a wind-swept hillside 被風(fēng)橫掃過的山坡被風(fēng)橫掃過的山坡 heartfelt thanks 衷心的感謝衷心的感謝 enemy-occupied areas 敵占區(qū)敵占區(qū) 第二種復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成是名詞第二種復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成是名詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，它動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，它可以修飾特定的名詞。如：可以修飾特定的名詞。如： an Earth shattering event 影響深遠(yuǎn)的事件影響深遠(yuǎn)的事件 breathtaking beauty 驚人的美麗驚人的美麗 peace-loving people 愛好和平的人們愛好和平的人們 a m

58、an eating society 吃人的社會(huì)吃人的社會(huì) laborsaving devices 省力裝置省力裝置 a record-breaking high jump 破紀(jì)錄的跳高破紀(jì)錄的跳高 a paper-cutting machine 切紙機(jī)切紙機(jī) a fact-finding visit 尋求事實(shí)的考察尋求事實(shí)的考察 a fund-raising committee 募捐委員會(huì)募捐委員會(huì) a tone setting speech 定調(diào)演講定調(diào)演講 V. Usage the + adjective 有些形容詞跟定冠詞連用表示某一類人或物。有些形容詞跟定冠詞連用表示某一類人或物。 O

59、nly the rich can afford his firms products. 只有富人才能買得起他公司的產(chǎn)品。只有富人才能買得起他公司的產(chǎn)品。 The noise of the children playing was enough to wake the dead. 孩子們玩耍的聲音足以把死人吵醒。孩子們玩耍的聲音足以把死人吵醒。 The beautiful can never die. 美是永恒的。美是永恒的。 最常見的是：最常見的是： the blind盲人盲人 the deaf聾子聾子 the dead死人死人(去世的人去世的人) the old老人老人 the poor 窮

60、人窮人 the rich 富人富人 the sick 病人病人 the unemployed 失業(yè)者失業(yè)者 the wounded 傷員傷員 the young 青年人青年人 另外，形容詞的最高級也經(jīng)常這樣使用另外，形容詞的最高級也經(jīng)常這樣使用 The oldest didnt take more than a second to deliver his smug answer. 老大很快就說出了自以為很得意的答案。老大很快就說出了自以為很得意的答案。 1. the youngest in his family 2. the cheapest here 3. The smallest 4.the most d