大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀預(yù)備級(jí)unit1

1、Unit 1Learning to Think All Over AgainLearning to Think All Over Again Useful expressions Word formation Text interpretation Sentence structure Translation HomeworkThe approach to learning English Imitation Imitation took place on many levels and through many methods. At an elementary level students

2、 used imitation in learningthe rudiments of Greek or Latin (spelling, grammar), copying the purity of speech of a given author. Practice makes perfect. Thinking in English. Link to western culture. Google Movie in English Music in English Magazines and news paper (depends on your interests) Diligenc

3、e About author Graham E. Fuller Mr. Fuller received his BA and MA at Harvard University in Russian and Middle Eastern studies. He served 20 years in the Foreign Service, mostly the Muslim World, working in Germany, Turkey, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, North Yemen, Afghanistan, and Hong Kong, for nearly 17

4、 years of overseas experience. In 1982 he was appointed the National Intelligence Officer for Near East and South Asia at CIA, and in 1986 Vice-Chairman of the National Intelligence Council at CIA, with overall responsibility for all national level strategic forecasting. Text interpretationSummarize

5、 each paragraph:How do children learn their mother tongue?We must learn to do it again when learning a foreign language.Different sounds are used in different languages to represent the same object.1.Get away from translating.Text interpretationSummarize each paragraph:The challenge of new thinking

6、goes much deeper than new words only.An example How to think in a foreign language.5.Get into the language, and youll come to understand it.Text AnalysisPart I (Para.1-2)Part II (Para.3-6)Part III (Para.7)Part IV(Para.8) foreign a. 外國(guó)的 foreign language foreign country foreign stamps We are collectin

7、g foreign stamps. -er 人 foreigner process n. 過(guò)程 學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)他是個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)、痛苦的過(guò)程。 Learning is a long and painful process for him. in the process of 在.過(guò)程中那車(chē)正在修理中。 The car is in the process of repair. 文字處理：word processing probably adv. most likely 很可能地，大概 他大概醉了。 He is probably drunk. 約翰可能把整件事都告訴他父親了。 John probably told

8、 his father all things. point v. 用手指向，瞄準(zhǔn) It is not polite to point at someone. 她指著一個(gè)紅房子說(shuō)：“這就是我住的地方?！?She pointed to a red house and said, “Thats where I live.” point to 是指指向某個(gè)方向 并非物品 而point at 是指指向某個(gè)具體的物品或東西 The man points to the sun. 這個(gè)男的指向太陽(yáng)。（這里也是指某個(gè)人指向一個(gè)方向，在這里即太陽(yáng)的方向） The baby points at the candy.

9、 這個(gè)嬰兒指著糖果。（在這里這個(gè)嬰兒指的就是那顆糖果 并不是僅僅糖果的方向） Point out 指出 associate v. 把與聯(lián)系在一起 associate one thing with another 把某一事與另一事聯(lián)系起來(lái) 我們想起中國(guó), 就聯(lián)想到長(zhǎng)城。 We associate China with the Great Wall.nassociaten名詞 n. C1. 伙伴;同事;朋友;合伙人He is one of my associates at the store. 他是我店里的一位同事。 n2. 有關(guān)聯(lián)的事物n形容詞 a. 1. 伙伴的;共事的;合伙的n2. 副的He

10、 is an associate editor of the newspaper. 他是報(bào)紙的副主編。 n3. 半正式的n4. 有聯(lián)系的;聯(lián)合的 object 1.n. 物體，實(shí)物 What are those strange objects? 那些奇異物體是什么? 2.目的,宗旨CWhat is the object of his visit? 他這次訪問(wèn)的目的是什么? 3.不及物動(dòng)詞 vi. 反對(duì)(+to)No one objected to the plan. 沒(méi)有人反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。 various adj. 各種各樣的 dresses of various colors 不同顏色的衣服

11、various views 各種觀點(diǎn) 解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題有許多種方法。 There are various ways to solve the problem. leafy adj. 多葉的，葉茂的 leaf leaves the leafy month of June 樹(shù)葉茂盛的六月 represent v. 表示，代表 The blue lines on the map represents subways. 地圖上藍(lán)色的線表示地鐵。 Beckham represented Great Britain. 小貝代表英國(guó)參賽。 The dove represents peace. 鴿子象征和平 。i

12、nstead adv. 代替 Alice never studies. Instead, she watches TV all day. direct adj. 直接的 directly adv. 直接地 他拒絕直接回答我的問(wèn)題。 He refused to answer my question directly. 反：indirect image n. 圖像，形象，某人或某物在人們心目中的形象 She looked at her image in the mirror. 她看著鏡子中自己的形像。 He is the image of honesty. 他非常誠(chéng)實(shí)。 challenge n./

13、 v. 挑戰(zhàn) Challenge sb.to fight 向某人挑戰(zhàn)新工作對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。 The new job is an challenge to me. Linda only likes to study something that really challenges her. substitute v. 代替，替換 substitute A for B 用A代B 我們用紅球代替藍(lán)球。 We substitute red ball for blue. 我找到了一個(gè)人接替我。 I found someone to substitute for me. 唯有藝術(shù)能代替自然。 Only

14、art can substitute for nature. depend depend on 1)依賴=rely on The students depend on their parents. Your success depends on your hardworking. dependent a.依賴的 independent a.獨(dú)立的 be independent from/of 獨(dú)立于 bundle n. 捆，扎，包 一連串，大量 a bundle of facts. 大量事實(shí)。 a bundle of rags/paper/firewood 一捆碎布/報(bào)紙/柴火 concept

15、 n. 概念，觀念 他提出了一種宇宙起源的新概念。 He presented a new concept of the beginning of the universe. convert v. （使）轉(zhuǎn)變，（使）轉(zhuǎn)化 convert defeat into victory 轉(zhuǎn)敗為勝 將水變成冰 Convert water into ice. single adj. 單一的 a single red rose 僅有的一朵紅玫瑰 she wrote down every single word. 她把每一個(gè)詞都寫(xiě)下 they didnt receive a single reply. 他們甚至連

16、一個(gè)答復(fù)都未收到。 previous adj. 以前的，先前的 The author mentioned it in the previous paragraph. 作者在前一段里提到這件事。 looking back on previous events. 回顧往事。sink sank sunk sink (船等)下沉;(日,月)落,沒(méi)The sun was sinking in the west. 夕陽(yáng)西下。 The ship sank. Useful expressionsall over again: start again from beginning 重新杰克在作業(yè)中出現(xiàn)了很多錯(cuò)誤

17、，他得重新做。Jack made so many mistakes in his homework that he had to do it all over again.get away from 擺脫，離開(kāi) get away from poverty get away from pressure這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)是擺脫壓力的很好去處。This town is a lovely place to get away from pressure.break down into: separate into把分解成 任務(wù)task 把任務(wù)分成三部分 break down the task into three

18、 parts separate the task into three partsover and over again: repeat for many times一再，再三 think over and over again再三思考 I have told him to drive carefully over and over again. 我一而再再而三地告訴他開(kāi)車(chē)要小心。 bit by bit: gradually, little by little build up: develop or increase gradually larger 搭房子：build up the hou

19、se 我爸爸一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地把房子搭起來(lái)了 My father is building up the house bit by bit. get into: become interested in (sth)； become strongly involved with sth投入，從事；對(duì)感興趣 These days I am really get into jazz. 動(dòng)詞take在不同的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中可以表示許多不同的意思，了解并掌握其用法很有必要。常見(jiàn)的用法有：1）表示“拿走、帶走、帶去”。如：你把它拿到教室里去好嗎？ Could you take it to the classroom? 2）

20、表示“帶給”如：再端一杯茶給他。 Take him another cup of tea. 3）表示“吃、喝、服用”。如：每天服藥三次。Take the medicine three times a day. 4) 表示“乘車(chē)（船）”等。如：你可以做第2路公共汽車(chē)去。 You can take the No.2 bus. 5)表示“花費(fèi)/用（時(shí)間）”。如：it takes sb some time to do sth doing sth takes sb some time It takes them three years to build this road.Repairing this

21、car took him the whole afternoom.6）與不同的詞搭配，構(gòu)成不同的固定短語(yǔ)。如：take a walk 散步take away food可帶走熟食take ones temperature量體溫take ones time 不急/從容不迫take exercise做運(yùn)動(dòng)take a look看一看take off脫下/脫掉take (good) care of照顧，照料take out取出/拿出1. 1 substituted 為了減肥，katie把她的飲食中一些高熱量的食物用低熱量食物來(lái)替代，比如說(shuō)，用低脂牛奶來(lái)代替普通牛奶。 2 analogy 我們科學(xué)老師用

22、水流動(dòng)的方式來(lái)與光流動(dòng)的方式進(jìn)行類(lèi)比。 3 represented 在字典中，名詞這個(gè)單詞經(jīng)常用n.來(lái)代表。 4.associated 很有趣的是不同款式的裙子可以與不同種類(lèi)的音樂(lè)聯(lián)系在一起。 5.challenge 艾滋病是這個(gè)世紀(jì)我們所面對(duì)的一種對(duì)健康的最大挑戰(zhàn)的疾病。 6.converted 煤可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闅怏w。 8.reduced 這個(gè)著名的電視制作人成功得把太空旅行的歷史壓縮到兩個(gè)小時(shí)的紀(jì)錄片中。 9.image 在我的頭腦中有一幅我夢(mèng)想中的房間的圖像。 10.bundles Jack 把一大堆的舊衣服和舊雜志搬到了垃圾回收處。 11.choose 這些都是非常美的照片。讓我其中挑一幅

23、最漂亮的真的好難。 12.pointed 當(dāng)問(wèn)起他媽媽在哪里，這個(gè)小男孩指向了廚房。 13.Instead John最終還是沒(méi)有娶Mary，他娶了Julie. 14.various 旅行最大的收獲是你可以預(yù)見(jiàn)不同的人以及學(xué)到各種各樣的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。 1.get away from 家應(yīng)該是一處人們可以遠(yuǎn)離害怕和危險(xiǎn)的地方。 2.put together V教授做了一個(gè)清單，讓他的學(xué)生把上面的所有條目都讀出來(lái)。 3.getting into Jennifer對(duì)于時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)非常感興趣。 4.broken into 要完成一個(gè)困難的任務(wù)，遠(yuǎn)比把它拆散為零散的，相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)簡(jiǎn)單得多。 5.a great deal 當(dāng)吃了藥以后，那個(gè)病人感覺(jué)好多了。 6.over and over again 很多次我都讓Steve戒煙，但是他從來(lái)不聽(tīng)。 7.depend on 他到底會(huì)不會(huì)被錄用完全取決于面試。1.The police are still trying to find out what cause the fire.2.I dont know what size of shoes my f