新8 L1語法 情態(tài)動詞和祈使句

1、Can you sing?Can you sing? Donkey, Donkey I beg you, Donkey, Donkey I beg you, please dont sing heehaw please dont sing heehaw I shall feed you, I shall feed you I shall feed you, I shall feed you Please dont sing heehaw, Please dont sing heehaw, Heehaw, heehaw, heehaw, heehaw Heehaw, heehaw, heehaw

2、, heehaw Why you sing so loud? Why you sing so loud? I shall feed you, I shall feed you I shall feed you, I shall feed you Please dont sing heehaw. Please dont sing heehaw.今天學今天學什么？什么？復習 can情態(tài)動詞情感態(tài)度can定義：表示說話人定義：表示說話人情感情感和和態(tài)度態(tài)度的動詞。的動詞。注意： 1. 無人稱和數(shù)的變化； 2.不能單獨使用，必須 后+動詞原形2.2.表委婉的請求或許可，譯為表委婉的請求或許可，譯為能能

3、。eg: Can I sit here ?eg: Can I sit here ?Can you help me ?Can you help me ?情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞Can的用法：的用法：1 1，表示能力，譯為，表示能力，譯為能能或或會會。eg : I can swim.eg : I can swim.He can run.He can run.3. 表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度）,用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。 eg: Can this be right? This cant be done(做) by him. 1.He can see a car.否定句：否定句：一般疑問句：一般疑

4、問句：肯否答：肯否答：特殊疑問句特殊疑問句:He can not see a car.Can he see a car?Yes, he can. No, he cant .What can he see ?什么什么?動詞動詞2.We can play football.否定句：否定句：一般疑問句：一般疑問句：肯否答：肯否答：特殊疑問句特殊疑問句:We can not play football.Can you play football?Yes, we can. No, we cant .What can you do ?什么什么?動詞動詞總結：總結：cancan特殊疑問句特殊疑問句沒劃動詞：

5、沒劃動詞： What+一般疑問句語序一般疑問句語序+？劃劃 住動詞：住動詞： What+一般疑問句語序一般疑問句語序+do+？MayMay的用法：的用法：1 1，表示委婉的請求或許可，譯，表示委婉的請求或許可，譯為為可以可以, ,比比cancan更正式。更正式。eg: May I borrow your pen? 用用May I.May I.？征徇對方許可時？征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣，而用比較正式和客氣，而用Can I.Can I.？在口語中更常見。在口語中更常見。 2,表示猜測，談論可能性，表示猜測，談論可能性，譯為譯為可能可能也許也許。eg: He may be Tom.eg: She

6、 may be Ann.句型轉換練習句型轉換練習He He maymay watch TV. watch TV.否定句：否定句：一般疑問句：一般疑問句：肯否答：肯否答：He He may notmay not watch TV. watch TV.May May he watch TV?he watch TV?Yes, he Yes, he maymay. No, he . No, he mustnt mustnt . .may not may not 不可以縮寫不可以縮寫要明確回答用要明確回答用mustntmustntI I maymay read books. read books.否定句

7、：否定句：一般疑問句：一般疑問句：肯否答：肯否答：I I may notmay not read books. read books.May IMay I read books? read books?Yes, you Yes, you maymay. No, you. No, you mustnt mustnt . .需要注意的幾點也是重點：需要注意的幾點也是重點：1 1，may not may not 無縮寫形式。無縮寫形式。2 2，maymay的否定回答用的否定回答用mustntmustnt. .3,3,做做maymay的疑問句的疑問句遇到遇到I ,we,I ,we,不用變不用變?yōu)闉閥o

8、u.you.情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞must must 的用法：的用法：1,1,在肯定陳述句中在肯定陳述句中mustmust通常表示通常表示說話人說話人的主觀意識的主觀意識或或要求對方必須做某事要求對方必須做某事（表（表示命令，建議或請求。譯為示命令，建議或請求。譯為必必須須應該應該一定要一定要）。）。eg: I must go now, or Ill be late.2.must not 2.must not 是表示說話人是表示說話人不許或不許或 禁止禁止某人做某事。某人做某事。eg: Look at the sign, you mustnt park your car here.eg: You m

9、ustnt talk like that.3. 3. 表示推測可能性表示推測可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）（只用于肯定的陳述句） 1. Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes. 2. Your mother must be waiting for you now. 句型轉換練習句型轉換練習He He must must read a book. read a book.否定句：否定句：一般疑問句：一般疑問句：肯否答：肯否答：He He must notmust not read a book. read a book.Must

10、 Must he read a book ?he read a book ?Yes, he Yes, he mustmust. No, he . No, he needntneednt . .= mustnt注：對注：對mustmust的否定回答用的否定回答用needntneednt。I must go to bed.I must go to bed.否定句：否定句：一般疑問句：一般疑問句：肯否答：肯否答：I I must notmust not go to bed. go to bed.Must Must I go to bed ?I go to bed ?Yes, you Yes, you

11、 mustmust. No, you . No, you needntneednt . .需要注意的幾點也是重點：需要注意的幾點也是重點：1 1，must not = mustntmust not = mustnt。2 2，mustmust的否定回答用的否定回答用neednt.neednt.3,3,做做mustmust的疑問句遇到的疑問句遇到I ,we,I ,we,不用不用變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閥ou.you.二者是近義詞，但二者是近義詞，但mustmust強調(diào)強調(diào)主觀主觀看看法，而法，而have to have to 強調(diào)強調(diào)客觀客觀需要。需要。eg: You must go to bed now . （

12、主觀看法）（主觀看法）eg: Its cold. We have to close the window . （客觀需要）（客觀需要）mustmust與與 have to have to 的用法的用法mustnt mustnt 表示表示“禁止禁止”dont have todont have to表示表示“不必不必”can can maymaymustmust1 1表能力，表能力，譯為譯為“能能或會或會”猜測可能猜測可能性，譯為性，譯為“可能也可能也許許”表要求對方表要求對方做某事，譯做某事，譯為為“必須必須”2 2表請求、表請求、許可，譯許可，譯為為“能能”表請求、表請求、許可，譯許可，譯為為

13、“可以可以”must notmust not表不表不許或禁止許或禁止3 3表猜測表猜測表猜測表猜測(一) 用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空。用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空。1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you _.2. _ I use your car? Yes, you _.3. _ I go home now? No, you _ stay here.4.My mother is ill. I _ stay at home and look after her.5._ you like some tea?6. You _ take more exe

14、rcise.7. _ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?8. The clock _ tell us the time.9. _ you like to go fishing with me?needntCan/Maycan/mayCan/MaymustmustWouldmust(should/have to)CancanWould(二) 按要求改寫句子。按要求改寫句子。1.I can run fast. I _ _ fast. (否定句)2.You must return the book now.（一般疑問句）（一般疑問句） _ I th

15、e book now? No, you _.3.He can play basketball well. （一般疑問句）（一般疑問句） _ he _ basketball well?4.They must take the books out of the room. （否定句）（否定句） They _ _ the books out of the room. 5.He should get up early.(否定句否定句) He _ get up late.cantrunMustneedntCanplaymustnt takeshouldnt( (三三) ) 單項選擇單項選擇。（）1. y

16、ou like some milk ? A .Would B.Could C .Can（）2.We pick the flower in the park. A.cant B.dont C.mustnt ( ) 3.We should more trees, and we shouldnt cut any trees. A.plant B.planting C.plants ( ) 4.May I have some coffee? A.Yes,you have. B.Yes,you can. C.Yes,certainly.ACAC( ) 5.Shall we visit the facto

17、ry? A.Yes,we do. B.Yes, we shall. C.All right. ( ) 6.Would you like something to eat? A.Yes,we would. B.Yes, Id like some cakes. C.Yes, of course. ( ) 7.What can I do for you? A.Yes,you can. B.No,I can do it. C. Yes.Id like some oranges.cBB祈使句祈使句一、祈使句：一、祈使句： 表示要求、請求或命令、勸表示要求、請求或命令、勸告、叮囑、建議等。告、叮囑、建議等

18、。 祈使句中的主語常常被省去。祈使句中的主語常常被省去。 用于祈使句句首的用于祈使句句首的動詞動詞總是用總是用原形原形，不能用其他形式。，不能用其他形式。 二、句式：二、句式： 三肯一否三肯一否1. 1.肯定式：肯定式：A A DoDo句型句型：（以動詞原形開頭）：（以動詞原形開頭）eg: Close the door.eg: Close the door.B B LetLet句型：（以句型：（以LetLet開頭）開頭）eg eg：Lets play football .Lets play football . Let me help you . Let me help you .C C Be

19、Be句型：句型：（以（以BeBe原形開頭）原形開頭）eg: Be careful .eg: Be careful .2. 2.否定式：否定式：以以 “ “Dont + Dont + 動詞原形動詞原形”開頭：開頭：eg: Dont open the window .eg: Dont open the window . Dont be sad. Dont be sad.注：注：PleasePlease在祈使句中可表示比較委在祈使句中可表示比較委婉的語氣，可加上也可省略。婉的語氣，可加上也可省略。eg: Pass me the book eg: Pass me the book , please,

20、please . . Please Please pass me the book . pass me the book .1. 1.祈使句的祈使句的主語主語通常為通常為第二人稱第二人稱( (youyou) )，但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情況但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情況下才把主語下才把主語(you)(you)補充出來。如：補充出來。如：You be quiet! You be quiet! 你安靜你安靜! ! You go and tell him, Chris. You go and tell him, Chris. 克立斯，你去告訴他。克立斯，你去告訴他。You wait here

21、for a moment. You wait here for a moment. 你在這兒等一會兒。你在這兒等一會兒。2.祈使句表示強調(diào)祈使句表示強調(diào)為了加強祈使句的語氣，我們通常是在祈使句的為了加強祈使句的語氣，我們通常是在祈使句的動詞原形前加上動詞原形前加上助動詞助動詞do，此時通常譯為，此時通常譯為“一一定定”“”“務必務必”等。如：等。如：Do be careful. 務必要小心。務必要小心。Do have some more tea. 一定再喝點茶。一定再喝點茶。Do let me go. 一定讓我去。一定讓我去。副詞副詞never和和always有時可用于祈使句句首，表示有時可用

22、于祈使句句首，表示強調(diào)。強調(diào)。如：如：Never do that again. 再不要這樣做了。再不要這樣做了。Always study hard. 一定要努力學習。一定要努力學習。3. “l(fā)et” 3. “l(fā)et” 的否定句：的否定句： 如果賓語是如果賓語是第三人稱第三人稱用用“Dont let.Dont let.”eg: Dont let him sing in the classroom . eg: Dont let him sing in the classroom . 如果賓語是如果賓語是第一人稱第一人稱，則用，則用 Let.notLet.not eg: Its raining no

23、w. Lets not go out .eg: Its raining now. Lets not go out .4. 4. 祈使句的省略祈使句的省略 一般說來，祈使句總是要以動詞原形開頭，一般說來，祈使句總是要以動詞原形開頭，但是，在某些特殊情況下，我們可以只用一但是，在某些特殊情況下，我們可以只用一個個詞詞或或短語短語來表示祈使句的意義。如：來表示祈使句的意義。如：Just a little, please. Just a little, please. 請給一點就行了。請給一點就行了。A little more slowly please. A little more slowly p

24、lease. 再慢一點。再慢一點。A pound of butter. A pound of butter. 給我一磅黃油。給我一磅黃油。Two teas and four coffees, please. Two teas and four coffees, please. 請來兩杯茶和四請來兩杯茶和四杯咖啡。杯咖啡。I. I. 用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. Its an important meeting. _ (not, be )late.1. Its an important meeting. _ (not, be )late.2. _ (not

25、,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.2. _ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food . 3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food . 4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud.4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud.5. _ (not,leave) your homework for

26、tomorrow, Larry.5. _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. _ (look) out! A car is coming.6. _ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _ (give) me fifty yuan , I will buy some meat .7. _ (give) me fifty yuan , I will buy some meat .8. _ (not, let) the baby cry.8. _ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear m

27、ore clothes or you _ (have) a cold.9. Wear more clothes or you _ (have) a cold.10. Lets _ (not, say) anything about it.10. Lets _ (not, say) anything about it.Dont Dont be beDont Dont makemakeDont speakDont speakDont talkDont talkreadreadDont leaveDont leaveLookLookGiveGiveDont Dont letletwill havewill havenot saynot say( )1 .Her doctor said: “_ work so hard” A Stop B Dont C Cant D No( )2._ when you cross the road.A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful( )3. _him the secret. A Dont tell B Not to tell C Not telling ( )4. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes.A Not to rea