冠詞a,anthe以及零冠詞的用法及練習(xí)詳解

1、冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an）,定冠詞（the）,和零冠詞。 一不定冠詞（ a, an）1. 指一類人或事，相當(dāng)于 a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.2. 第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you. 有個(gè)男孩在等你。3. 表示 “每一”相當(dāng)于 every ，one We study eight hours a day.4. 表示“相同”相當(dāng)于 the same We are nearly of an age.5. 用于人名前，表示不認(rèn)識(shí)此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事 That boy is rather

2、a Lei Feng. （活雷鋒）6. 用于固定詞組中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7. 用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后 This room is rather a big one.8. 用于 so（as, too, how）+ 形容詞之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9. 用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前success抽象名詞a success具體化）成功的人或

3、事 a failure 失敗的人或事 a shame 帶來(lái)恥辱的人或事 a pity 可惜或遺憾的事a must 必需必備的東西a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知識(shí)10. 與序數(shù)詞連用，表示“又一，再一” 。In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language. 為了找到一個(gè)更好的工作，他決定再學(xué)習(xí)另外一門外語(yǔ)。二定冠詞（ the）1. 表示某一類人或物In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular means

4、 of transportation.A. a; theB. /; aC. the; a D. the; the2. 用于世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物名詞前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3. 表示說(shuō)話雙方都了解的或上文提到過(guò)的人或事 Would you mind opening the door?4. 用于演奏樂(lè)器play the violin, play the guitar5. 用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人 the reach, the living, the wounded6. 表示“一家人”或“夫婦” （對(duì)比上文的不定冠詞用法5） Could

5、you tell me the way to Johnsons, please? Sorry, we don t have Johnson here in the village.A. the; theB. the; aC. /; the D. the; /7用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)前He is the taller of the two childre n.8用于國(guó)家黨派等以及江河湖海，山川群島的名詞前the Un ited States, the Communist Party of China, the French9. 用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前The compass was

6、 inven ted in China.10. 在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代in the 1990 s（二十世紀(jì)九十年代 ）11. 用于表示度量單位的名詞前I hired the car by the hour.12. 用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞He patted me on the shoulder.13. 與比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)連用 比較級(jí)+ and +比較級(jí)表示越來(lái)越”The harder he works, the happier he feels. 表示兩者間“較的一個(gè)”比較級(jí)前加the。Who is the older of the tow boys? 三者或三者以上相比，表示

7、最高程度時(shí)，用the +最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。Zha ng Hua is the tallest of the three.三.零冠詞1. 專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前Beiji ng Uni versity, Jack, Chi na, love, air2. 名詞前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3. 季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前March, Sun day, Na

8、ti onal Day, spri ng4. 表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前Li ncoln was made Preside nt of America.5. 表示球類，棋類等運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前He likes play ing football/chess.6. 與by連用表示交通方式的名詞前We went right round to the west coast bysea in stead of drivi ng acrosscontinent.A. the; theB.不填；theC. the;不填D.不填；不填7. 以and連接的兩個(gè)相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí)husba nd and wife,

9、knife and fork, day and ni ght8. 表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前Horses are useful an imals.四.位置冠詞一般放在名詞之前，名詞之前若有形容詞，冠詞放在形容詞之前。下列情況例外：1. 不定冠詞用于下列副詞加形容詞之后：as, how, however, so, too等。如：He is as good a soldier as he was他和以前一樣是個(gè)好士兵。2. 不定冠詞置于 such, what, many, not, too,much of 等之后。如：Many a little pickle makes a nickel.積少成多。3.

10、 定冠詞通常放在 all, both, double, exactly, just等詞之后。如: I offered him double the amount， but he still refused.4. 不定冠詞常用于 quite和rather之后，但如果另有形容詞修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞既可放在第二 位，也可放在第一位，但最常見(jiàn)的仍是第二位。如：She is quite a woma n.她真是個(gè)女人。It was quite/rather a cold day.彳艮冷的一天 (同 It was a quite/rather cold day.)5. 當(dāng)名詞前的比較級(jí)被no, all, fa

11、r, much等修飾時(shí)，也要后置。如: He is no less a man tha n the Preside nt.6. 定冠詞要放在 half, twice, much等之后。如：He paid twice the price for it. 他花了兩倍的錢買了它。7. 如果名詞被副詞 hardly, scarcely, barely, exactly所修飾，或和一個(gè)形容詞共同修飾時(shí)，冠詞要放在上述副詞之后、形容詞之前。如：This is hardly a right thi ng to do.這幾乎是不能做的事。練習(xí)1. How about takingshort break? I

12、want to makecall.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a; aD. /; aD. the;不填8. We went right round to the west coast by A. the; theB.不填;thesea in stead of drivi ng acrosscon ti nent.C. the;不填D.不填;不填2. Christmas isspecial holiday whenwhole family are supposed to get together.D. a; theA. the; theB. a; aC. th

13、e; a3.I looked underbed and found books I lost last week.A. the; a B. the; the C.不填；the D. the;不填4.I likecolor of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.A. a; theB. a; aC. the; aD. the; the5. George could n t remember whe n he first met Mr. An ders on, but he was sure it was Sun daybecause eve

14、rybody was atchurch.A. /; theB. the; /C. a; /D. /; a6. Many people have come to realize that they should go onbalaneed diet and make roomin their day for exercise.A. a; /B. the; aC. the; the7. How aboutChristmas evening party?I should say it wassuccess.A. a; aB. the; aC. a;不填9. George couldn t remem

15、ber when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it wasSun day because everybody was atchurch.A./; theB. the; /C. a; /D./; a1. D。take a short break 休息一會(huì)兒”， make a call “打一個(gè)電話”。2. D。 a special holiday 指某一個(gè)特別的節(jié)日” ；the whole family 為特指。3. B。此題中的the bed和the books都為特指。the bed指所看的床” ；the books指所丟的書(shū)”。4.

16、 C。the color指“你襯衫的顏色” ；a good match泛指和你的外套相配的一種好顏色”。5. C。a Sunday泛指某一個(gè)星期天；at church為固定搭配，不用冠詞，意為在做禮拜”。6. A。a balaneed diet泛指一種平衡的飲食”；make room為固定搭配，意為騰出空間”。7. B8. B。by sea意為經(jīng)海路” ；by the sea意為在海邊”；表示大陸、大洋等的名詞前通常要 加定冠詞。9. C。a泛指某個(gè)” ；at church表示做禮拜”，at the church表示在教堂”。 類似的詞組：特別提示：當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)名詞表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，其前用定冠詞；表示在這

17、一地點(diǎn)所發(fā)生的活動(dòng)時(shí)，其前不加冠詞。 女口： He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed.他睡覺(jué)前至U 床邊給我拿了本雜志。2009 年1. （安徽卷）We can n ever expectbluer sky uni ess we createless polluted world.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the2. （北京卷） The biggest whale isblue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters l

18、ong theheight of9-story buildi ng.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; a3. （江西卷） Some people fear thatair pollution may bring about changes inweather around the world.A.不填;theB. the;不填C. an; theD. the; a4. （海南卷）Lets go tocin ema-that II take your mi nd off the problem for whileA. the; theB. the; aC. a

19、; theD. a ; a5. （陜西卷）Whatpity that you couldn t be there to receiveprize!A. a; aB. the; aC. a; theD. the; the6. （四川卷） In order to findbetter job, he decided to studysecond foreignIan guage.A. the; aB. a; aC. the; theD. a; the7.1 don t understand what the engineer means, but I ve gotrough idea ofproj

20、ectpla n.（浙江卷）A. the; aB.不填;theC. a ;the D 不填;a8.（遼寧卷）This area experie need heaviest rain fall inmon th of May.A 不填；aB a ; theC the ; theD the ; a1. A. sky和world原本是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，但這里前面都有了形容詞修飾，表示會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)什么樣的sky和world,這里就屬于泛指了。2. B. the+名詞表示類別，是指 blue whale這一類動(dòng)物；第二空用a表示泛指。3. A. air pollutio n 是抽象名詞這里是泛指，weather

21、這里是特指全球的氣候，故用定冠詞。4. B. go to the cinema 表示具體的某地，for a while 固定搭配，表示一會(huì)兒”。5. C.固定句型what a pity that，用不定冠詞 a;第二空后名詞表示表特指，用定冠詞the。6. B第一空表示泛指；第二空用 a +序數(shù)詞+名詞表示又一，再一。7. C8. C形容詞的最高級(jí)用the；第二空五月這個(gè)月表特指用the。2010 年1. （北京卷）First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chanee to make _

22、 first impressi on.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; aD. the; a2. （福建卷）It sgood feeling for people to admire the Shanghai world expo that gives thempleasure.A.不填，aB. a,不填C. the ,aD. a, the3. （江蘇卷）The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact thatpeople from all walksof life are work ing hard fornew Ji

23、a ngsu.A.不填；aB.不填;theC. the; aD. the; the4. （遼寧卷）There are over 58,000 rocky objects inspace, about 900 of which could falldow n ontoearth.A. the; theB.不填;theC. the;不填D. a; the5. （山東卷）If we sit nearfront of the bus, we ll havebetter view.A.不填；theB.不填；aC. the; aD. the; the6. （四川卷）lnmost countries, a

24、university degree can give youflying start inlife.A. the; aB. the;不填C.不填；不填D.不填;a7. （浙江卷）Ma ny lifestyle patter ns do such _ great harm to health that they actually speed up_weake ning of the huma n body.A. a;不填B.不填；the8.（重慶卷）Everything comes with world.A. a, aB. the,不填C. a; theprice; there is no su

25、chC. the,不填D.不填；不填thing as free lunch in theD. a,不填1. C 再有一次機(jī)會(huì) a second chanee給另U人留下第一印象，make a first impression,2. B good feeling并非特指，故用 a; pleasure是抽象名詞，無(wú)需冠詞。3. A來(lái)自社會(huì)各階層的人不是特指，不用冠詞；Jiangsu前有new故應(yīng)加冠詞 a,表示一個(gè)全新的江蘇。4. B in space是固定短語(yǔ)，不用冠；earth屬于獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物，其前必須用the5. C 某空間內(nèi)部的前部”時(shí)，front前要加定冠詞the; have a go

26、od view是習(xí)慣搭配，表示“視野開(kāi)闊，視野良好”之意；6. D most countries此處表泛指，most前不加定冠詞the. “一個(gè)高起點(diǎn)的開(kāi)始”，故用a ,7. B對(duì)有害用短語(yǔ)“do harm to”；之后的weakening是由動(dòng)詞的ing形表示抽象的名詞，表達(dá)一種概念、狀況時(shí)需要加上the。8. D price意思是“代價(jià)”，為可數(shù)名詞，第二空前邊有no,后面的名詞不用冠詞，2011 年1. （新課標(biāo)卷）It is gen erally accepted thatboy must lear n to sta nd up and fight likeman.A. a; aB.

27、a; theC. the; theD. a;不填2. （大纟岡卷） As he reachedfront door, Jack sawstrange sight.A. the;不填B. a; theC.不填；aD. the; a【答案】D【解析】句意：當(dāng) Jack 走到前門時(shí)，看到了一個(gè)奇怪的景象。 the front door 是特指 Jack 所 走過(guò)去的門， a strange sight 是泛指，相當(dāng)于 a certain sight, 起初次介紹的作用。因此選D。3. （山東卷） Take your time it s just short distance from here to

28、 restaurant.A. 不填； theB. a; the C. the; aD. 不填； a【答案】 B【解析】句意：別急從這兒到餐館只不過(guò)短短的距離而已。 a short distance 短距離，是固 定搭配的短語(yǔ)；the restaura nt指雙方都知道的餐館，故用the特指。選B。4. （江西卷） It s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 year. Right, he will also get paid by week.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD. a; a【答案】 B 【解析】

29、前一句句意為：據(jù)說(shuō) John 將會(huì)有一份年工資超過(guò) 60000 美金的工作，表時(shí)間單位 每年，冠詞用a,后一句說(shuō)沒(méi)錯(cuò)，他也將會(huì)以每周支付的方式得到薪水。by后面接具體的計(jì)量方式用定冠詞 the。5. （浙江卷） Experts think that recently discovered painting may be Picasso.A. the ;不填B. a ;theC. a; 不填D. the; a【答案】 D【解析】句意：專家認(rèn)為,最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的油畫(huà)可能是畢加索的作品。the painting 特指最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的油畫(huà)；a Picasso意為a Picasso s painting，指畢加索的

30、一件作品，有one的含義。6. （四川卷） Dr. Peter Spence,headmaster of the school, told us, “fifth ofpupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge. ”A.不填；AB.不填；TheC. the; TheD. a; A【答案】 A【解析】句意：彼得斯賓塞博士一一這所學(xué)校的校長(zhǎng)一一告訴我們，“這里五分之一的學(xué)生會(huì)到牛津和劍橋繼續(xù)深造。 ” 頭銜、職位前通常不用冠詞,所以第一空不用冠詞；a fifth表示“五分之一” ,故答案為 A。7. （陜西卷） As is known to

31、all,People s Republic of China isbiggestdeveloping country in the world.A. the ; 不填B. 不填 ； theC. the ； theD. 不填；不填【答案】 C【解析】句意：眾所周知,中華人民共和國(guó)是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家。第一個(gè)定冠詞the用在表示國(guó)家的名詞前；第二個(gè)定冠詞the用在有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞前。8. （重慶卷） In communication, a smile is usuallystrong sign of a friendly and open attitude.A. the, 不填B. a

32、, anC. a, 不填D. the, an【答案】 C【解析】 句意： 在交流中, 微笑通常是友好和態(tài)度開(kāi)明的一種明顯標(biāo)志。 第一空 a strong sign of 一個(gè) 的標(biāo)志，a此處表泛指；friendly和open共同修飾attitude，而attitude不可數(shù)， 不需要冠詞；故選 C。1, A 句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為男孩必須學(xué)會(huì)像男人那樣勇敢地站起來(lái)去戰(zhàn)斗。兩個(gè)空都表示泛 指,因此都填不定冠詞 a。2，1.The report said that a bus went out of control on highway south of the city are rushed int

33、o a river.A. the; theB.不填；theC. the;不填D.不填；不填【答案】 D【解析】go out of control是固定短語(yǔ)，意思是失去控制；south of中的south是方位副詞，前面不需要使用冠詞。當(dāng)south用作名詞時(shí)通常與介詞一起使用，如in the south of。2. Because unemployment is very high at present, its not easy for a fresh graduate to find satisfying jobas he wishes.A. the;不填B.不填；aC. an; aD. a

34、n; the【答案】 B【解析】 unemployment 是抽象名詞，前面不用冠詞。 job 是可數(shù)名詞，用不定冠詞泛指“一 個(gè)令人滿意的工作” 。3. 一 My flight was delayed because of heavy rain. But you are just intime for the discussion.A. the; a?B. a; the?C. 不填 ; 不填D. the; 不填【答案】 D【解析】引起我的航班延誤應(yīng)該是特指的一場(chǎng)大雨，所以第一空要用定冠詞來(lái)限定，in time及時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)，固定短語(yǔ)。4.I don t think the experiment

35、is failure. At least we have gained experience forfuture success.A. 不填 ; theB. a; theC. a ; 不填D. 不 填 ; 不填【答案】 C【解析】 failure 表示失敗的概念為抽象名詞，前面不可用不定冠詞。表示失敗的人或事情就 成了可數(shù)名詞，前面用不定冠詞。 experience 作經(jīng)歷講為可數(shù)名詞，作為經(jīng)驗(yàn)講為不可數(shù)名 詞。5.By nature, you are an adventurer, full of amazement and curiosity aboutworld bigger than l

36、ife itself.A. a; theB. the; theC. 不填 ; aD. the; 不填【答案】 A【解析】 get a toothache 牙疼，是固定用法，而整個(gè)晚上 (whole night) 是特指昨天晚上，因此 應(yīng)該使用定冠詞。我昨天晚上牙疼得厲害，整晚沒(méi)睡。8. China is vast country which is home to amazing variety of landscapes，plants and animals.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; anD. a; an【答案】 D【解析】第一空表示“中國(guó)是一個(gè)樣的國(guó)家”，是泛指

37、的概念，因此填不定冠詞；第二空是固定短語(yǔ) a variety of,只是在 variety前面加上了形容詞 amazing修飾它。9. Anyone in mind for this position ？ What about Jack? He may be a good friend, but business is business. He is not man for job.A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; a【答案】 C 【解析】第一空是泛指的概念，因此用不定冠詞；第二空是特指這份工作，用定冠詞。10. We all hold belief tha

38、t those who have wonderful sense of humor are more popular.A. the; a B. 不填 ; 不填 C. the; 不填 D. a; the 【答案】 A【解析】句意：我們都認(rèn)為那些有強(qiáng)烈幽默感的人更受歡迎。 belief 后是同位語(yǔ)從句，第一 空用 the 表特指；第二空 a sense of humor （幽默感 ）為常用搭配。11. World Expo is regarded as the Olympic Games of the economy, science andtechnology, expert said.A. A

39、; an B. The; an C. The; a D. A; the 【答案】 B【解析】第一空特指“世博會(huì)”，故用定冠詞the;第二空泛指“一個(gè)專家”，expert又是以77、ZU1元音音素開(kāi)頭，故用 an。12. I was told that10 : 15 flight would take us to Shanghai in time to reachFudan University.A. the; 不填B. the; aC. a; theD. 不填 ; the【答案】 A【解析】句意：我被告知 10: 15的航班將把我們送達(dá)上海，以便及時(shí)到達(dá)復(fù)旦大學(xué)。根據(jù) 句意可知第一空表特指，故

40、用定冠詞 ; 第二空后 Fudan University 是以純專有名詞 Fudan 開(kāi) 頭的，要用零冠詞。 Fudan University 還可表達(dá)為“ the university of Fudan ”。13. The students were studying in classroom when， all of sudden, the lightswent out.A. 不填 ; 不填B. a; theC. the; aD. the; 不填【答案】 C【解析】句意：那些學(xué)生正在教室學(xué)習(xí)，這時(shí)突然燈滅了。根據(jù)題干中的the students 可知學(xué)生是特指的，由此可推知教室也應(yīng)是特指的，故第一空用定冠詞;all of a sudden 為固定習(xí)語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于 suddenly 。由此可見(jiàn)答案為 C 項(xiàng)。14. My mother asked me to repeat phone number second time so that shecould write it down.A. the; aB.