2014屆高三二輪復(fù)習(xí)之專題剖析 專題十 特殊句式 (專題導(dǎo)讀+真題典析+新題預(yù)測(cè))

1、專題十 特殊句式專題導(dǎo)讀真題典例新題預(yù)測(cè)返回目錄專題十特殊句式特殊句式主要指：省略、倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)、祈使、反意疑問(wèn)句和省略替代。其中高考考查的重點(diǎn)是祈使、倒裝和強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。其考點(diǎn)主要包括：1省略句(1)在時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)跟主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)可以省略，同時(shí)將從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉衷~形式。 (2)在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)跟主句的主語(yǔ)一致或從句的主語(yǔ)是it，謂語(yǔ)是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)可以省略。如：when/where/if necessary。 (3)當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)局部省略時(shí)，假設(shè)只用代詞代替句子，那么需用代詞的賓格形式。返回目錄專題導(dǎo)讀專

2、題十特殊句式(4)當(dāng)省略不定式的內(nèi)容時(shí),須保存to。(5)not，so，neither的“替代性省略。 2.感慨句、祈使句和反意疑問(wèn)句(1)what與how引導(dǎo)的感慨句作為賓語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在試題中，其難點(diǎn)有兩方面：一是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前面用what還是how; 二是感慨句的語(yǔ)序。(2)祈使句的主要考點(diǎn)是：根據(jù)句式特點(diǎn)判斷是祈使分句還是狀語(yǔ)成分； 祈使句and/or結(jié)果分句。(3)反意疑問(wèn)句主要考查主從復(fù)合句和并列句后面的反意疑問(wèn)句。 返回目錄專題導(dǎo)讀專題十特殊句式3.倒裝句(1)以here，there，out，in，up，down，away等副詞開(kāi)頭，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為be，come，go等時(shí)，那么

3、用全部倒裝。(2)以then，now，thus等開(kāi)頭，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為come，follow，begin，end，be等，主語(yǔ)又是名詞/名詞詞組時(shí)，那么用全部倒裝(假設(shè)主語(yǔ)是代詞，那么不能倒裝)。(3)當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)類介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首且后有不及物動(dòng)詞be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist等時(shí)，常用全部倒裝。(4)so/suchthat句型中，so/such位于句首時(shí)，so/such后的主句倒裝，that從句不倒裝。(5)在以never，seldom，not only，rarely，scarcely，in no way等否認(rèn)或半否認(rèn)詞開(kāi)頭的句中用局部倒裝。(6)only置于句首修飾

4、狀語(yǔ)(副詞、介詞短語(yǔ))或狀語(yǔ)從句等時(shí)用局部倒裝。返回目錄專題導(dǎo)讀專題十特殊句式(7)在hardlywhen，no soonerthan，not until句型以及as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的倒裝。(8)在省略了if的虛擬條件句中were，had或should置于句首。4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的幾種構(gòu)成形式。如：疑問(wèn)形式、It might be/must have beenthat等含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的形式。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和其他帶有it的復(fù)合句型的區(qū)別。如：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與主語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。(3)not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)。返回目錄專題導(dǎo)讀專題十特殊句式2021年高考將注重考查各知識(shí)點(diǎn)之

5、間的交叉現(xiàn)象，加大了綜合考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的力度，在考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句的同時(shí)考查定語(yǔ)從句，把省略句以及強(qiáng)調(diào)句與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的考查等融合到一起，強(qiáng)調(diào)了學(xué)生綜合把握語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的能力。返回目錄專題導(dǎo)讀返回目錄真題典例1 2021湖南卷 Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.A. occurred it Bit did occurCit occurred Ddid it occur解析 D 考查倒裝句。句意：邁克爾從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到過(guò)有一天自己會(huì)成為班上的一名優(yōu)秀學(xué)生。否認(rèn)詞not once置

6、于句首，引起局部倒裝。專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例22021新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treated Bcan the patients be treatedCthe patients can be treated Dtreated can be the patients解析 B考查倒裝句。句意：醫(yī)生的數(shù)量只有增加50%之后，病人們才能在醫(yī)院里得到良好的治療。 only加上強(qiáng)調(diào)的介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或

7、狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首，句子需用局部倒裝。 專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例32021新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷 It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.Awhen Bthat Cwhich Dwhat解析 B考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：只有在讀了這些文件后，格羅斯先生才意識(shí)到他面臨的任務(wù)很難完成。此句是對(duì)only引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的強(qiáng)調(diào)。專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例42021福建卷 Not until he went throu

8、gh real hardship _the love we have for our families is important.A. had he realized Bdid he realize Che realized Dhe had realized解析 B考查倒裝句。not until或其他否認(rèn)詞或詞組放在句首時(shí)，主句用局部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：直到他經(jīng)歷了真正的苦難后，他才意識(shí)到我們對(duì)家庭的愛(ài)是多么重要。過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示該動(dòng)作(realize)先于從句的動(dòng)作(went through)，不合語(yǔ)境，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例52021天津卷 It was not unti

9、l near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan.A. that Bwhere Cwhy Dwhen解析 A考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。此句為not until句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，故答案為that。句意：直到快接近信的結(jié)尾處她才提到了她自己的方案。專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例62021遼寧卷 At no time _ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.Athey actually broke Bdo they actually breakCdid they actually b

10、reak Dthey had actually broken解析 C考查倒裝句。否認(rèn)介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，用局部倒裝。后面“It was unfair to punish them.中謂語(yǔ)是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以選C而不選B。 專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例72021新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷 The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _A.not to do Bnot to Cnot do Ddo not解析 B 此題考查動(dòng)詞不定式的省略。根據(jù)句意可知，警察要求司機(jī)不要把車停在路邊?！耙竽橙俗瞿呈掠?/p>

11、ask sb to do sth；“被要求做某事用be asked to do sth。 but后的完整表達(dá)應(yīng)該是：the driver was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside，為防止重復(fù)，題干中的空缺處是一個(gè)省略了的動(dòng)詞不定式。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。句意：司機(jī)想把車停在路邊，但警察要求他不要這樣做。專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例82021江西卷 Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again.AI will speak Bwill I speak Cdo I

12、speak DI speak解析 B考查倒裝句。句意：只有當(dāng)他為他的粗魯抱歉的時(shí)候，我才會(huì)再跟他說(shuō)話。此題的第一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞是only。當(dāng)only放在句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句用局部倒裝。第二個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，有“主將從現(xiàn)的用法，此題中從句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例92021江蘇卷 There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _？A. is there Bisn t there Cis he Disn t he解析 A考查反意疑問(wèn)句。句意：在你看來(lái)他是

13、無(wú)辜的，這一點(diǎn)你并不疑心，對(duì)不對(duì)？當(dāng)陳述局部有never，seldom，hardly，few，little，barely，scarcely, nothing，none，rarely，no，not，no one，nobody，neither等否認(rèn)意義的詞匯時(shí)，后面的反意疑問(wèn)句那么為肯定形式，且前后主謂語(yǔ)保持一致。專題十特殊句式返回目錄真題典例102021北京卷 _at the door before you enter my room, please.AKnock BKnocking CKnocked DTo knock 解析 10A考查祈使句。根據(jù)句子最后的please可知，這個(gè)句子是祈使句，

14、句首應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形。句意：進(jìn)我房間前請(qǐng)敲門。專題十特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)1I would rather _ for a walk in the park alone than _ in the hotel room with my parents.Ago; toa stay Bto go; stay Cgoing; staying Dgo; stay解析 D考查would rather的用法。根據(jù)would rather do sth than do sth這一固定結(jié)構(gòu)可知D項(xiàng)正確。專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)2_ going to the program If You Are the

15、One, he was rather concerned about being turned down in public. AMuch as he liked BHowever he likedCAs he liked much DAs much he liked解析 A考查as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。此題的Much as he liked going to the programThough he liked going to the program very much。as放在單數(shù)名詞、形容詞或者副詞的后面，引起倒裝。故A正確。專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)3He is only too re

16、ady to help others, seldom, _， refusing them when they turn to him. Aif not Bif never Cif any Dif ever解析 D考查省略句的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：他非常愿意幫助別人，如果他曾經(jīng)拒絕過(guò)幫助別人，那也是很少的。if not如果不是這樣；if never如果從未這樣；if any如果有一些；if ever如果曾經(jīng)有過(guò)。故D正確。專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)4When you long for life without difficulties, _ yourselves that trees grow

17、strong in contrary winds and diamonds are made under pressure. Ato remind Bremind Creminding Dreminded解析 B考查祈使句。此題前半句為when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，后半句應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整的句子，選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)構(gòu)成一個(gè)祈使句的形式。句意：當(dāng)你渴望沒(méi)有困難的生活的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)記住樹(shù)是迎風(fēng)生長(zhǎng)的，寶石是在壓力之下形成的。故B正確。專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)5Who is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children. AIt is BThey a

18、re CThat is DThere are 解析 A考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。此句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的省略形式，原句應(yīng)為：It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden. 專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)6David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature_ he chose the course. Athat Bwhat Cwhy Dhow解析 A考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：大衛(wèi)說(shuō)正是因?yàn)樗麑?duì)文學(xué)的強(qiáng)烈興趣，他才選擇了這門課程。此處是對(duì)because of h

19、is strong interest in literature的強(qiáng)調(diào)。專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)7We should give the disabled encouragement to live _ as we do.Aas a rich and full life Bas rich and full a life Cso a rich and full life Dso rich and full a life解析 B考查asas的用法。句意：我們應(yīng)該給那些殘疾人以鼓勵(lì)，讓他們過(guò)上和我們一樣富足的生活。當(dāng)so，as，how等后面跟的名詞是可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，把形容詞放在冠詞之前，如so c

20、old a day，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)8I wonder _ makes the video Gangnam Style so popular.The unique dance moves and funny horse riding scenes.Ahow is it that Bwhat is it thatChow it is that Dwhat it is that專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)解析 D考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型及賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。句意：“我想知道是什么使神曲?江南Style?這么流行?！笆仟?dú)特的舞蹈動(dòng)作和搞笑的騎馬舞。這里用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It is被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部

21、that其他局部，在這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少的是主語(yǔ)，本句被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是疑問(wèn)詞what，它可以作主語(yǔ)，how不能作主語(yǔ)，故排除A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。又因?yàn)橘e語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)是陳述句語(yǔ)序，故排除B項(xiàng)，所以選D項(xiàng)。 專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)9I told Mum that not everyone could manage to have 3 meals on time every day, _？ Acould he Bdidnt ICdidnt she Dcould they解析 B考查反意疑問(wèn)句。因?yàn)榍懊娴木渥佑兄骶浜蛷木錁?gòu)成，反意疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)該與主語(yǔ)保持一致，主句為I told Mum，故提取助動(dòng)詞 did。

22、專題十 特殊句式返回目錄新題預(yù)測(cè)10_ Marxs works with Engels, and youll find many differences. AComparing BCompare CTo compare DIf you compare解析 B考查句式結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：比較馬克思和恩格斯的著作，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多不同。and連接兩個(gè)并列句，所以and之前的句子應(yīng)為祈使句，構(gòu)成“祈使句and將來(lái)時(shí)的句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。應(yīng)選B。專題十 特殊句式返回目錄備用習(xí)題1He ought to have been warned of the danger._， but he wouldnt listen to m

23、e. AYes, he ought to BSo he did CSo it was with him DSo he was解析 D考查特殊句式。“so主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“確實(shí)如此。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)后半句可知空處表示他確實(shí)被警告了，因此選D項(xiàng)。返回目錄備用習(xí)題 2Mary, turn the heat down, _burn. OK, Mum. Athe cake will Bor the cake will Cwill the cake Dand the cake will解析 B考查特殊句式。上句句意：瑪麗，把溫度調(diào)低，否那么蛋糕會(huì)烤焦的。此題考查“祈使句and/or陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)

24、句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。返回目錄備用習(xí)題3His suggestion made me angry, but _Amaking others happy Bto make others happyCothers happy Dhis advice others happy解析 C考查并列句的省略。補(bǔ)充完整為：His suggestion made me angry, but made others happy.返回目錄備用習(xí)題 4It was with great excitement one morning in July _ the young man read a classified adv

25、ertisement. Awhen Bthat Cwho Dwhich解析 B考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：在七月的一個(gè)早上，那個(gè)年輕人興奮地讀著一條分類廣告。此句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是with great excitement one morning in July，它在句中作狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is/wasthat/who其他局部。應(yīng)選that。返回目錄備用習(xí)題5Everything, unless otherwise _， will go on as planned.Astating BstatesCto state Dstated解析 D考查省略。句意：除非另有說(shuō)明，否那么一切按方案進(jìn)行。unle

26、ss otherwise stated補(bǔ)充完整后為unless it is otherwise seated。當(dāng)主句和從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以把從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞一起省掉，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。返回目錄備用習(xí)題6When asked to explain _ made his lessons so exciting, the teacher kept silent.Awhat it was that Bthat what it wasCwhat was it that Dthat what was it解析 A考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)起是什么讓他的課如此令人興奮時(shí)，這位老師沉默了。what it was that made his lessons so exciting是賓語(yǔ)從句，因此要用陳述語(yǔ)序。從句中含有一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部是從句的主語(yǔ)what。返回目錄備用習(xí)題7I telephoned him twice and I couldnt get through to