選修六課件unit 1 section 4

1、Unit 1 ArtUnit 1 ArtSection Grammar & Writing 單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6虛擬語(yǔ)氣()一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的概念與類(lèi)型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，又稱(chēng)假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣，是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示所說(shuō)的話(huà)不是一種事實(shí)，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣有兩種類(lèi)型：用于條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等；用在賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)從句中，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6二、條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在含有虛擬條件句的復(fù)

2、合句中，主從句的謂語(yǔ)都要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，現(xiàn)將其形式列表如下：時(shí)間從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式一般用were)would/should/could/might動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反had過(guò)去分詞would/should/could/mighthave過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式/should動(dòng)詞原形/were to動(dòng)詞原形would/should/could/might動(dòng)詞原形單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修61.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If you were here now，you would hear Premier Wen talking with the

3、students.現(xiàn)在如果你在這里，就會(huì)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)溫總理正在和學(xué)生們交談。If I were you，I should try my best to go to college.如果我是你，我會(huì)盡我所能去上大學(xué)。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修62與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If he had gone to the party last night，everything would have changed.如果昨晚他參加了宴會(huì)，一切都會(huì)不一樣。If the doctor had been responsible，the child would not have died of such

4、disease.要是醫(yī)生負(fù)責(zé)任，孩子不會(huì)死于這樣的疾病。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修63與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反If it were to be/should be/were sunny tomorrow，we would go out for a picnic.如果明天天氣晴朗，我們會(huì)出去野餐。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修64錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱(chēng)為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。If you had listened to me，you wouldnt be

5、 in such trouble now.如果你聽(tīng)了我的話(huà)，你現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)有這樣的麻煩了。(從句說(shuō)明過(guò)去，主句說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在)If I were you，I would have taken his advice.如果我是你，我就會(huì)接受他的忠告了。(從句說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在，主句說(shuō)明過(guò)去)單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修65條件從句中的謂語(yǔ)部分有were，should或had時(shí)，if有時(shí)可以省略，這時(shí)從句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序Were I you，I would do it in another way.如果我是你的話(huà)，我就用另外一種方法做。Should I have time，I would hel

6、p Tom with his maths.我要是有時(shí)間就幫湯姆學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。Had it not been for his help，I wouldnt have finished the work on time.如果沒(méi)有他的幫助，我是不會(huì)按時(shí)完成工作的。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用1動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句wish(that) 從句一般過(guò)去時(shí)(be用were)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬would/could動(dòng)詞原形表示對(duì)將來(lái)的虛擬過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6I wish it were spri

7、ng in my hometown all the year round.但愿我的家鄉(xiāng)四季如春。She sincerely wished that she might do something to comfort him.她真切地希望能做點(diǎn)什么來(lái)安慰他。I wish I had met him yesterday.我昨天能遇到他就好了。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6溫馨提示：wish本身可以是過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去的一種愿望，that從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受影響。He wished that he hadnt told Lucy the bad news yesterday.他昨天

8、若是不告訴露西那個(gè)壞消息就好了。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修62在表示堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)用“should動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略一堅(jiān)持：insist二命令：order，command三建議：suggest，propose，advise四要求：request，require，demand，askI suggest that we (should)hold a meeting next week.我建議下周我們應(yīng)該舉行會(huì)議。He insisted that he (should)be sent there.他堅(jiān)持應(yīng)該被派去那里。單元寫(xiě)作

9、平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6溫馨提示：suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.他臉上的笑容表明他對(duì)我們的工作很滿(mǎn)意。The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.那個(gè)人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他沒(méi)有偷錢(qián)。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修63在would rather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的虛擬，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示

10、對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬Id rather you went tomorrow(now)我寧愿你明天(現(xiàn)在)去。Id rather she hadnt done that.我寧愿她沒(méi)那樣做。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1If _(我沒(méi)有喝)alcohol last night，I could have driven my car home.答案：I hadnt drunk2Jack has been ill for several days.I know.I wish _(他能去看醫(yī)生)soon.答案：he could go to see a doctor

11、單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修63All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _(嚴(yán)重受傷)and that he _(馬上做手術(shù))答案：was badly/seriously wounded/injured；be operated on at once4The teacher demanded that our homework _(被完成)before eleven.答案：be finished5I am poor now.If I _(有一大筆錢(qián))，I would buy a large house.答案：ha

12、d a great deal of/a large amount of money單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修66Without electricity，our life _ (將大不相同)答案：would be quite different7If _(下雪)tomorrow，they would not go out.答案：it were to snow8He is ill.Otherwise he _(會(huì)來(lái))to school.答案：would come單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修69I would rather I _(采納)his

13、advice.答案：hadnt taken10How I wish I _(再年輕十歲)答案：were ten years younger單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6.單項(xiàng)填空1_ it _ to rain tomorrow，the sports meeting would be put off until the same time next week.AShould；BIf；shouldCWere；D.If；were going解析：句意：如果明天下雨的話(huà)，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將被推遲到下周同一時(shí)間。該題考查與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，當(dāng)if引導(dǎo)的條件句省略if時(shí)，句子要用倒裝

14、語(yǔ)序，正常語(yǔ)序的句子是：If it were to rain tomorrow.答案：C單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修62_ the bike be repaired by him?No，Id rather he _ it repaired.AWill；has BShall；hadCShould；have DCan；has解析：句意：“自行車(chē)由他修理行嗎？”“不，我寧愿他請(qǐng)別人來(lái)修理?！眘hall在此處用來(lái)征詢(xún)對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)；would rather后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)(常用that引導(dǎo)，that可省略)，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，若是對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的虛擬，從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去

15、式；若是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，則從句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，根據(jù)句意知是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬。答案：B單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修63Had the visiting delegation set out earlier this morning，they _ the airport so far.Amight reachBmay have reachedCmight have reachedDmay reach解析：由第一句話(huà)句首的had可知，該句為省略了if的虛擬條件句，并且是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬。句意：如果這個(gè)考察團(tuán)今天上午早點(diǎn)出發(fā)的話(huà)，到目前為止或許他們已經(jīng)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)了。第二句話(huà)表推測(cè)，由句意

16、知應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。答案：C單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修64How I wish I had studied harder when I was in senior school!If you had，you _ a university student now.Aare Bwould beCshould Dwere解析：本題為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬條件句，應(yīng)根據(jù)時(shí)間作出適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整，雖然從句是對(duì)過(guò)去進(jìn)行虛擬，但主句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now，所以是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，應(yīng)用“would動(dòng)詞原形”。答案：B單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修65_ him _ possible?AW

17、ouldnt you have helped；had it beenBWouldnt you help；if it had beenCDidnt you help；were itDWould you have helped；if it were解析：本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和省略形式。分析選項(xiàng)及句意可知本句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，因而主句用“would/could/might/shouldhave done”，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句中if省略后，須把had提到主語(yǔ)之前。因而選A項(xiàng)。答案：A單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修66If you _ that late movie last ni

18、ght，you would not be so sleepy now.Ahavent watched Bdidnt watchCwouldnt have watched Dhadnt watched解析：此題從句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬假設(shè)，故從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，使用“would動(dòng)詞原形”。 答案：D單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修67It was ordered that no smoking _ in the library.Abe allowed Bwould be allowedCwas allowed Dhad been allowed解析：order后

19、接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“should動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。答案：A單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修68But for the help of my English teacher，I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.Awould not win Bwould not have wonCwould win Dwould have won解析：句意：要不是英語(yǔ)老師的幫助，我在英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作競(jìng)賽中得不到第一名。由題意可知真實(shí)時(shí)間是過(guò)去，故主句要用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)。答案

20、：B單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修69He _ busy yesterday，or he _ you with the housework.Awas；had helpedBwas；would have helpedChad been；would have helpedDwere；would have helped解析：第一個(gè)分句說(shuō)明昨天的事實(shí)情況，不必用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知be動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，由主語(yǔ)he可知用was。第二個(gè)分句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，所以用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have過(guò)去分詞”。答案：B單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修610T

21、he weather turned out to be fine.I _ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.Ashould have taken Bneednt have takenCmustnt have taken Dcould have taken解析：句意：結(jié)果天氣不錯(cuò)，我本不必費(fèi)那么大勁帶著雨傘的。根據(jù)turned可知是敘述過(guò)去的情況，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知用neednt have done本不必做卻做了。A項(xiàng)表示本該做卻沒(méi)做；D項(xiàng)表示本來(lái)能夠；C項(xiàng)形式不正確。答案：B單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法

22、講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6如何寫(xiě)好建議信【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】建議信是作者就有關(guān)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析并針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題提出自己的看法和建議的書(shū)信。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，建議信的正文分為三部分：開(kāi)頭、主體和結(jié)尾。開(kāi)頭一般開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，向?qū)Ψ疥愂鲎约旱挠^(guān)點(diǎn)。主體部分則是對(duì)所提出的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析、說(shuō)明理由，接著提出自己的建議。結(jié)尾則是對(duì)開(kāi)頭的呼應(yīng)，重申自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修61建議信的結(jié)構(gòu)建議信一般采取“三段式結(jié)構(gòu)”，通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin with，then，later等依次陳述建議。首段：針對(duì)對(duì)方對(duì)自己的信任簡(jiǎn)單表示感謝，亦可表明自

23、己的誠(chéng)意。中段：圍繞對(duì)方的困惑、煩惱等問(wèn)題，用科學(xué)委婉的語(yǔ)言提出自己的建議、方法。注意要充分考慮到對(duì)方的實(shí)際問(wèn)題，表達(dá)時(shí)應(yīng)選擇得體的語(yǔ)言。切忌用語(yǔ)生硬呆板，泛泛而談。末段：簡(jiǎn)單地提出希望。希望自己的建議能對(duì)對(duì)方有所幫助。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修62建議信的語(yǔ)言(1)陳述建議的語(yǔ)言必須中肯：在勸說(shuō)對(duì)方接受你的建議時(shí)，應(yīng)該注意措辭，慎用must等命令性詞語(yǔ)，這樣才能使對(duì)方愉快地接受你的勸告或建議。例如：You must stop your meaningless work at once.(該句中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must就使句子的語(yǔ)氣顯得很生硬，對(duì)方會(huì)因此而反感。)此外，要

24、“設(shè)身處地”，可適當(dāng)運(yùn)用虛擬句“If I were you.”表述自己的建議。常見(jiàn)的此類(lèi)表達(dá)有：maybe；perhaps；probably；in my opinion；You could/might/had better.；It seems better that.；Why not.；If you do this，.；as you have known；Facts prove that.；even if/though等。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6(2)陳述建議必須具有說(shuō)服性：要想提出好建議，必須具有充分的理由，展示出自己獨(dú)特的見(jiàn)解。常見(jiàn)的表達(dá)有：If you t

25、hink it twice，you will find.；As is well known，.；It is necessary/important/certain that.；in spite of；on the contrary；in other words等。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6【萬(wàn)能句式】建議信開(kāi)頭常用句式：1I am writing to express my views/ideas about.2You have asked me for my advice on.and I will try to make some suggestions.3T

26、hanks for trusting me.Its my great pleasure to give you some suggestions/advice/tips.4Im sorry to hear/learn that.單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6表達(dá)建議常用句式：1I would like to suggest that.2If I were you，I would.3As far as I am concerned./In my opinion.4It seems better that.5Why not.?6It would be a good ide

27、a if.7For one thing.，for another.8In the first place/Firstly/First.Secondly/Second.Last but not least(最后但不是最不重要的).單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6建議信的結(jié)尾常用句式：1These are only my personal suggestions/tips.I hope you will find them useful/helpful.2I would be ready to discuss this matter with you in further

28、detail.3Im willing to discuss this matter with you whenever you need help.4I will highly appreciate your consideration of my advice/suggestions/tips.5I am looking forward to your reply.單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6【白金模板】Dear_，You have asked me for my advice about_，and I will try to make some suggesti

29、ons here.In my opinion，you would be wise to take the following measures_(建議的內(nèi)容)I hope you will find these suggestions useful，and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you for further details.Good luck with your_(祝愿)Yours sincerely，Li Ming單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6假定你是李華。在一個(gè)英文網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇上，你看到一個(gè)名叫Gr

30、ownup的中學(xué)生發(fā)帖(post)尋求幫助，請(qǐng)根據(jù)帖子內(nèi)容和要求回帖。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6要求：1.告訴Grownup要理解母親；2給Grownup提出解決問(wèn)題的具體建議。3短文詞數(shù)不少于80(不含已寫(xiě)好的部分)。4內(nèi)容充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語(yǔ)意連貫。5書(shū)寫(xiě)須清晰、工整。單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6【寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)】1你面臨的問(wèn)題在我們青少年中很普遍。你面臨的問(wèn)題_在我們青少年中_很普遍_(kāi)答案：the problem you are facing/the problem which you are faced withamong our te

31、enagersis common單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修62我可以給你一些如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的建議。我可以給你_一些建議_如何處理問(wèn)題_答案：Here are/is/I can give yousome advice/a few suggestions(on)how to deal with it單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修63首先，和你的媽媽多交流是明智的，這會(huì)幫助你們更好地相互理解。首先_和你媽媽多交流_是明智的_這會(huì)幫助你們_更好地相互理解_單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修6答案：first/to begin with/first of alltalk/communicate more with your momits wise towhich helps you/and it can help youunderstand each other better單元寫(xiě)作平臺(tái)同步語(yǔ)法講座人教版英語(yǔ)人教版英語(yǔ) 選修選修64心貼心的交談是讓你媽媽了解你的思想態(tài)度的時(shí)候。心貼心的交談_了解你的思想態(tài)度_答案：hearttoheart talksknow your id