物流專業(yè)英語 第六章

1、Chapter 6 Logistics Chapter 6 Logistics Information system Information system 物流信息系統(tǒng)物流信息系統(tǒng)Learning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesTo understand the functions of logistics information system (LIS);To learn about usage of E-commerce/E-business 電子商務(wù)電子商務(wù)Electronic data interchange (EDI) 電子信息交換電子信息交換技術(shù)技術(shù)Ba

2、r-coding technologies 條碼技術(shù)條碼技術(shù)POS- Point Of Sale 銷售終端系統(tǒng)銷售終端系統(tǒng)RFID 電子標(biāo)簽、無線射頻識別電子標(biāo)簽、無線射頻識別 Part I: Logistics information system物流信息系統(tǒng)LIS is efficient to management while they are decidingWhere should the most frequently ordered parts be located in the warehouse 客戶下訂單最多的零件應(yīng)放置的位置How should inventory be

3、deployed to optimize sales 庫存應(yīng)如何部署才有利于銷售Which motor carrier should be selected 該選擇哪個承運(yùn)人Part I: Logistics information system物流信息系統(tǒng)What kind of logistic information can be found?Logistics information is企業(yè)內(nèi)部：internally coordinated with logistics departmentsmanufacturing marketing financial企業(yè)外部：External

4、ly-Expanding to the entire supply chain suppliers manufacturers distributors customers (service)供應(yīng)商供應(yīng)商 顧客顧客制造商制造商合同制造商合同制造商以供應(yīng)商為導(dǎo)以供應(yīng)商為導(dǎo)向的信息交換向的信息交換物流信息交換物流信息交換以客戶為導(dǎo)以客戶為導(dǎo)向信息交換向信息交換銀行銀行批發(fā)商批發(fā)商/分銷商分銷商零售商零售商虛擬制造商虛擬制造商物流服務(wù)提供者物流服務(wù)提供者退回產(chǎn)品退回產(chǎn)品財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃2. Related information supplies/demand (order) information

5、 訂單信息； customer service related information 客戶服務(wù)信息； inventory levels庫存信息； transportation information運(yùn)輸信息 3. Defining the Logistics Information SystemComprehension QuestionsComprehension Questionsv How is LIS defined in the text?v What are the there types of LIS?v How can LIS assist logistics operati

6、ons?v What advanced technologies are especially mentioned that can capture and communicate logistics-related information?Comprehension QuestionsComprehension Questionsv How is LIS defined in the text?LIS（ Logistics Information Logistics Information SystemSystem ）An LIS can be defined as: “people, eq

7、uipment, and procedures” used to gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, and distribute needed, timely and accurate information to decision makers. (為決策者)收集、挑選、分析、評估、分配所需的及時、準(zhǔn)確的信息所使用的人、設(shè)備和程序。Comprehension QuestionsComprehension Questions2. What are the there types of LIS?Operational 操作層面操作層面Tactical 戰(zhàn)術(shù)層面戰(zhàn)術(shù)

8、層面 Strategic 戰(zhàn)略層面戰(zhàn)略層面inputDecision makingFigure 11.1 represents the LIS and the interactions between its subsystems. The LIS has four primary components: order processing system(訂單處理系統(tǒng)), business research and intelligence system (BI,商業(yè)智能), decision support system (決策支持系統(tǒng)，e.g. forecasting),Reports an

9、d outputs system(報(bào)告輸出系統(tǒng)). 知識鏈接 Business intelligence (BI)BI is the ability of an organization to collect, maintain, and organize knowledge.Beer and Diapers 啤酒與尿布的故事啤酒與尿布的故事 - a successful exampleSome time ago, Wal-Mart decided to combine the data from its loyalty card system with that from its point

10、 of sale systems. The former provided Wal-Mart with demographic data about its customers, the latter told it where, when and what those customers bought. A correlation between them was found!One correlation stood out unexpectedlyBeer was the product most often sold with diapers. On top of that, thes

11、e purchases were made mainly on Friday afternoons by men between the ages of 25 and 35.Beer and DiapersThe facts Young American males frequently indulge in carousing behavior with friends on Friday nights. However, they also have the responsibility to take care of kids.They might have to drink beer

12、at home.Most young American males only buy diapers after they have fathered offspring. Beer and Diapers What decision would you make based on the following information if your were the manager? Action : After seeing the results of the data mining, Wal-Mart moved the beer next to the diapers. Beer sa

13、les went up.Comprehension QuestionsComprehension Questions2. How can LIS assist logistics operations? Some of the more commonly implemented systems are used to support transportation management, warehouse management, and operations planning and scheduling. 有些更常見的系統(tǒng)被用于交通和倉儲的管理以及各種業(yè)務(wù)的計(jì)劃和調(diào)度。Comprehensi

14、on QuestionsComprehension Questionsv 3. What advanced technologies are especially mentioned that can capture and communicate logistics-related information? Advanced technologies are used for capturing and communicating logistics-related data, such as bar-coding, electronic data interchange (EDI) and

15、, more recently, radio frequency identification (RFID). 條碼、電子信息交換、以及最近出現(xiàn)的射頻識別等先進(jìn)技術(shù)被用來捕捉與物流有關(guān)的信息并用來進(jìn)行物流信息交換。Part II: Information technologies and tools Internet E-Commerce and E-BusinessEDIPOSBarcodeRFID1. E-Commerce and E- Business What is E-commerce and E-business?Whats the difference between these

16、 two concepts?What benefits can EC and EB offer? E-commerce is described as a method of buying and selling products and service electronically. 以電子方式進(jìn)行買賣的過程。E-business : e-business is more than just e-commerce with a more strategic focus. 上升到戰(zhàn)略的層面。 - E-business is not only just about buying and sell

17、ing, but also servicing customers and collaborating with business partners. Benefits When comparing with traditional transaction waysCut cost and transaction time 節(jié)省成本和交易時間節(jié)省成本和交易時間Promote and sell product around the world , around the clock 隨時隨地商品交易隨時隨地商品交易Compete globally against companies of all

18、sizes 無論規(guī)模大小，都可以進(jìn)行全球競爭無論規(guī)模大小，都可以進(jìn)行全球競爭(TAOBAO)(TAOBAO)Streamline external supply chain management 簡化簡化整條供應(yīng)鏈的管理整條供應(yīng)鏈的管理2. EDI electronic data interchange電子數(shù)據(jù)交換電子數(shù)據(jù)交換 Traditional ways to exchange data: Mailing and faxingWhat is the definition of EDI？a new way for companies to transmit business documen

19、t electronically in standardized electronic forms 企業(yè)將商業(yè)文件以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的電子文件進(jìn)行傳輸?shù)囊环N方式The basis of EDI-Standard UN/EDIFACT 手工環(huán)境下貿(mào)易單證的傳遞過程發(fā)送方企業(yè)發(fā)送方企業(yè) 發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)

20、錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證單證單證數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)紙面紙面單證單證紙面紙面單證單證單證單證數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫庫傳真機(jī)傳真機(jī)郵局郵局錄入錄入打印機(jī)打印機(jī)PrintingMailingFaxingDataPaper-based documentsInputsDatabaseDatabaseEDI條件下貿(mào)易單證傳遞方式發(fā)送方企業(yè)發(fā)送方企業(yè) 接收方企業(yè)接

21、收方企業(yè) 發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫庫單證單證數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證WANWAN或或InterneInternet t EDIEDI軟件軟件發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證EDIEDI軟件軟件發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫打印機(jī)單證數(shù)據(jù)錄入傳真機(jī)郵局單證數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送方企業(yè)接收方企業(yè)紙面單證紙面單證接收方數(shù)據(jù)接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫庫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EDIEDI報(bào)文報(bào)文標(biāo)準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EDIEDI報(bào)

22、文報(bào)文DatabaseDataEDI softwareTranslated into standardized formatEDI softwareDatabaseEDI can only work if all the companies involved are using the same methods and the documents used by both parties are in the same format!PAPERLESS無紙化無紙化Supplementary readingElectronic data interchange in the Port of Ha

23、mburg EDI應(yīng)用于漢堡港應(yīng)用于漢堡港Explain the meaning of the picture taken from Dakosys brochure.Describe the service Dakosys EDI system offers.Describe the benefits if offers. reducing the timefaster speed and cost saving!Benefits of EDI Reduction in document preparation and processing time Increased billing ac

24、curacyLess costData integrity a more stream-lined business process 3. Bar-coding 條形碼技術(shù)What is a bar-code ?In what format does a bar-code usually appear? How to read the information hidden in a barcode?What is a Bar-code?What is a Bar-code? A bar-code is a machine-readable representation of informati

25、on in a visual format on a surface. 條碼是印在商品表面上的一組可見的、可用機(jī)器識別的、代表商品信息的符號。Originally bar-codes stored data in the widths and spacings of printed parallel lines, but today they also come in patterns of dots, concentric circles, and hidden in images. (linear code) 最初，條碼將數(shù)據(jù)儲存在一組平行的，由條和空組成的直線上。今天，條碼會以原點(diǎn)，同心

26、圓形式出現(xiàn)，甚至?xí)[藏在圖像里。l led to the development of matrix codes (a type of 2D bar-code) which do not consist of bars but rather a grid of square cells. 人們開發(fā)了矩陣條形碼（二維條碼），不用線條來儲存，而是由方格子組成。lStacked bar-codes are a comprise between 2D and linear codes. 堆積式條碼是一維碼和二維碼的折中。What is a Bar-code?What is a Bar-code? Ba

27、r-codes can be read by optical scanners called bar-code readers or scanned from an image by special software. 條碼可以用光學(xué)掃描器（條碼掃描儀）進(jìn)行識別，或者可以用特殊軟件從一個圖像中掃描出來。Usages of Bar-codingUsages of Bar-coding 條碼的用途keeping track of the large number of items in a store 追蹤貨物 reducing instances of shoplifting 減少入店盜竊現(xiàn)象k

28、eeping track of their rental cars 追蹤出租車輛keeping track of passenger luggage, reducing the chance of loss.追蹤乘客行李，減少丟失tracking insects mating habits 跟蹤昆蟲的習(xí)性tracking movement of nuclear waste 跟蹤核肥料去向coordinating fashion shows 協(xié)助模特表演producing portraits 制作肖像4. RFID Video Question:1. What is RFID used for?

29、2. What do the four letters represent?3. Which fields RFID has applied to did it mention?4. RFID Radio Frequency Identification 無線射頻識別技術(shù)/電子標(biāo)簽VideoQuestion:1. What is RFID used for? Identifying, tracking and managing everything2. Which fields RFID has been applied to did it mention?Loading dock doors 卸貨區(qū)門Handheld computersLift trucksConveyor beltsSecurity (ID badge)4. RFID Radio Frequency Identification 無線射頻識