中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)_動詞考點講解

1、 WORD 12/12中考專題復(fù)習(xí)：動詞考點講解動詞的分類一、中考要求： 中考近年主要考查連系動詞be，feel，look，taste，smell等用法；與物動詞和不與物動詞的用法；助動詞do/does/did和have/has的用法；情態(tài)動詞的用法。二、知識要點： 1. 連系動詞連系動詞也稱為系動詞，用于連接主語和表語，表示主語身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)。連系動詞有一定詞義，但不完整，不能單獨做謂語，必須和表語連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：You are a teacher, but not a good one. 你是一個老師，但不是好老師。We feel very happy when we know

2、 it. 當(dāng)我們知道這個的時候，我們都非常高興。英語經(jīng)常用到的連系動詞有：(1) 狀態(tài)連系動詞：表示主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、身份。常用的有be。My father is very strong. 我的爸爸非常強壯。(2) 持續(xù)連系動詞：表示繼續(xù)或保持一種狀態(tài)或情況。常用的有：stay （保持），remain （保持），continue （繼續(xù)）等。(3) 表象連系動詞：用來表示“看起來”的這一概念的詞。常見的有 appear（看起來），seem（看似），look（看起來）。Your mother looks much younger than I thought. 你媽媽比我想象得年輕多了。(4)

3、感官連系動詞：常用的有feel（摸起來)，taste（嘗起來)，smell（聞起來)，sound（聽起來）look（看起來)。The milk tastes a little sour. 這牛奶品嘗起來有點酸。(5) 轉(zhuǎn)變或結(jié)果連系動詞：become（變?yōu)?，get（成為)，grow（長得)，turn（變得)，go（變得)等。Our village is becoming more and more beautiful. 我們的村莊正在變得越來越漂亮。中考演練( )1 The stars _ very small because theyre very far away from us.A.

4、are B. look C. change D. become( ) 2 The room _ cool in summer andwarm in winter.A. feels B. is felt C. feels to be D. is felt to be( ) 3 You dont look so_ as usual. Why not go to see a doctor?A. wellB. betterC. badly D. worse( ) 4 His temperature seems _.A. right B. all right C. well D. true( )5 Th

5、e cake smells .A. well B. badly C. good D. terribly2.助動詞助動詞本身沒有詞意，或者意義不完全，不能單獨作謂語，只能和別的動詞一起在句子中作謂語，幫助動詞構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)等與否定、疑問、強調(diào)等。主要的助動詞有：be，do，have，shall，will等。例如：Will you have a sports meeting next week? 你們下一個星期舉行體育運動會嗎？Is your mother cooking？你媽媽在做飯嗎？Dont be late for class next time. 下次上課不要再遲到了。3. 情態(tài)動詞情

6、態(tài)動詞一般沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能單獨作謂語，只能和其他動詞連用作謂語，表示說話人的語氣和情感。主要的情態(tài)動詞有：can，may，must，need，would，could，might，dare等。使用情態(tài)動詞要注意以下方面：(1) 含must的一般疑問句，肯定回答仍用must，否定回答則用neednt或dont have to，表示“不必”。一般不能用mustnt，因為mustnt表示“不可以、禁止”，語氣很強。例如：Must I finish my homework now? 我必須現(xiàn)在完成作業(yè)嗎？No, you neednt. 不，不必要。(2) may開頭的一般疑問句，肯定回答

7、用may，否定回答用mustnt。例如：May I smoke here? 我可以在這里吸煙嗎？No, you mustnt. 不，不可以。(3) 表示可能性或推測時，can多用于否定句或疑問句，cannot表示“不可能”；may多用于述句，may not表示“可能不”；must只用于肯定句，表示“一定、準(zhǔn)是”。You may be right or may not be right. 你可能對也可能不對。The news cant be true. 這消息不可能是真的。She must be angry. 她一定是生氣了。(4) need用作情態(tài)動詞主要用于否定句、疑問句和條件句，表示“需要

8、”，也可以作實義動詞，后跟名詞、代詞、不定式、動詞-ing形式等。need開頭的一般疑問句，肯定回答用must。You neednt come if you are busy. 如果忙，你就不必來了。（情態(tài)動詞）Need I come tomorrow? 我明天需要來嗎？ No, you neednt. / Yes, you must. 不，沒必要。/ 是的，你必須來。（情態(tài)動詞）He needs to get some sleep. 他需要睡一會。（實義動詞）(5) used to 表示“過去常?！?，現(xiàn)在并不如此了。常與過去的時間狀語連用，否定形式是usent to 或dont use to

9、。一般疑問句將used提前或用“Did use to ?”We used to go there every year. 我們過去每年去那兒。(6) have to的意思接近must，但是must強調(diào)說話者的主觀意愿。have to強調(diào)客觀上的必要性，常譯成“不得不“。have to可以用于多種時態(tài)，其疑問句、否定句都要借助do構(gòu)成。Do you have to leave now? 你現(xiàn)在必須走了嗎？You dont have to get up early. 你沒有必要早起。(7) be able to表示具體的能力，與can用法相近，can只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時，be able to

10、 可用更多的時態(tài)。was / were able to側(cè)重又能力而且成功地做成了某事，而could只表示過去具備某種能力。The maths problem was hard but I was able to work it out. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題很難，但我做出來了。動詞的形式做題技巧確定正確的時態(tài) 1.根據(jù)時間狀語確定時態(tài).時間狀語與時態(tài)有著密切的關(guān)系.a. I _ (write) now. b. I _(lose) my pen yesterday.c. We _ (study) English for two years. 2.根據(jù)上下文來確定時態(tài) 有些句子沒有明顯的時間狀語,又不能用時

11、態(tài)呼應(yīng)規(guī)則來對照,這時就可以根據(jù)上下文容來判斷時間關(guān)系,確定正確時態(tài). A.Where are the twins? B.They _ (go) to visit Uncle Wang. 3.根據(jù)主從句的關(guān)系來確定時態(tài). *1 e,go,leave 等趨向性動詞的進(jìn)行時可用來表示即將發(fā)生的動作.*2.永恒的真理和客觀存在的狀態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時.*3.祈使句中,或在情態(tài)動詞,助動詞后,謂語動詞用原形Dont _ (read)in the sun , will you? Youd better _ (stay)at home since its raining outside. 注意所填動詞的語態(tài) T

12、oday both basketball and volleyball _(play) in many countries. 4.根據(jù)語言習(xí)慣來確定時態(tài)確定動詞的形式 1. be busy,what about等后用動詞的-ing 形式. 2.在介詞后一般應(yīng)用動詞的-ing 形式. 3.在 keep,enjoy,finish,mind 等動詞后采用動詞的-ing 形式. 4.在動詞 decide,hope,wish,hate 等動詞后應(yīng)用動詞不定式作賓語,而在ask, tell,want,teach 之后則用動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),即 “ask sb. to do sth.”的形式 5.在see

13、,hear,watch,make,let等后面作賓語補足語的動詞不定式應(yīng)省略動詞不定式符號“ to”, 但在被動句中, 應(yīng)添上to. 6.在 Its time(for sb.)to do sth. Its kind/nice/good of sb. to do sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 的句型中, 動詞不定式短語作句子真正的主語. 7.疑問代詞/副詞 (why 除外) + to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu),可在句中作主語, 表語和賓語. 練習(xí)題 1.The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from(blow)

14、the earth away. 2.Mr Smith kept on (ask) the players to rememberTEAMWORK 3.Alice didnt hear what the teacher said just now,so she doesnt know how(do) the problem. 4.The policeman asked the old granny to put down her heavy box and let him (carry) it for her. 5.用help,happen,listen,have,ask,be,plant,mi

15、ss,leave,look的適當(dāng)形式填空:(1).WangHai is a good comrade.He always does his best _others.(2).Dig the hole big enough,or the trees cant _well .(3).Its time for class.Lets stop to the teacher.(4).Her face turned red when she _ to sing a song for all of us.(5).She is older than Mary butmuch younger.(6).-I ca

16、nt find my keys.-Maybe you _ them at home.(7).We waited in the next room while they _a meeting.(8).Hurry up.You _the train if you dont. 動詞的時態(tài)一、中考要求： 英語的動詞的時態(tài)共有十六種，但是中考?？嫉闹饕邪朔N，一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時、一般將來時、過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時，過去完成時等時態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法。其中難點是一般過去時和過去完成時的區(qū)別。二、知識要點： 時態(tài)的構(gòu)成 （以speak為例）式時一 般進(jìn) 行完 成現(xiàn) 在speak / s

17、peaksam/ is/ are speakinghas / have spoken過 去spokewas / were speakinghad spoken將 來shall/ will speakis/ am/ are going to speakshould / would speakwas/ were going to speak1. 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法（1）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或者經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。經(jīng)常和表示時間的狀語often，always，usually，sometimes，every day等連用。例如： My sister usually goes to school on foot

18、. 我姐姐經(jīng)常步行去上學(xué)。We often come to school at six in the morning. 我們經(jīng)常在早上六點到學(xué)校。（2）表示某種習(xí)慣或者能力，也可以表示職業(yè)、特征等。例如： My mother often gets up very early in the morning. 我的媽媽經(jīng)常在早上起床很早。 This kind of car runs very fast. 這種小汽車跑得非常快。（3）表示客觀事實、客觀規(guī)律或者客觀真理。例如： This kind of trees never grows in the desert. 這種樹從來不在沙漠里生長。 Do

19、 you know that knowledge is power? 你知道知識就是力量嗎？（4）在時間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中，表示將來的動作。例如： Theyll be so happy when I tell them. 我告訴他們時，他們會很高興的。 If you arent here on time tomorrow, Ill write to your parents. 如果你明天不準(zhǔn)時到，我就給你父母親寫信。注意：（1）一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)：在一般現(xiàn)在時中，如果句子的主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如：My father often watches T

20、V after dinner at home. 我的爸爸經(jīng)常在晚飯后在家看電視。（2）一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語如果是實義動詞，其否定句和一般疑問句要用助動詞do，第三人稱單數(shù)用does，doesnt來構(gòu)成。例如：My little brother doesnt do his homework at school. 我的小弟弟不在學(xué)校做家庭作業(yè)。中考（ ）1. -Mum, _ shall we have lunch?-We will have it when your dad_.（2007年）A. when; returns B. where; returns C. where; will return

21、 D. when; will return（ ）2. -Tomorrow will be Fathers Day. What will you do for your father? - I will say I love you, Daddy as soon as he _ up. （2007年）A. will wake B. is waking C. wakes D. woke（ ）3. Our teacher said light_ faster than sound. （2007年宿遷）A. travelled B. has travelled C. is travelling D.

22、travels（ ）4. -Lets go fishing if it _ this weekend.-But nobody knows if it_.（2006年）A. is fine, will rainB. will be fine, rains C. is fine, rainsD. will be fine, will rain（ ）5. -Is your father a doctor?-Yes, he is. He_ in TownHospital. (2006年)A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. worked2. 動詞一般過去時的用

23、法： （1）表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或者過去經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過去的時間狀語yesterday，just now，a moment ago，last week/ year/ night，in 1985，in those days，when I was at middle school等連用。例如：They went to college last year. 他們是去年上大學(xué)。We had a good time in the park yesterday. 我們昨天在公園玩得很高興。（2）表示過去接連發(fā)生的一系列動作。例如： We played football first，then w

24、ent boating and fishing,，and at last had a picnic there. 我們先踢足球，然后去劃船、釣魚。最后我們在那里野餐。（3）在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，表示過去將來的動作。 She told me that she would not leave until I came back. 她告訴我我回來她才會離開。注意：（1）表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)的動作，而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣做了，也可以用used to +動詞原形來表示。例如： I used to get up very late. 我過去總是起床很晚。（2）如果主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在完成時，since引導(dǎo)的

25、時間狀語從句用一般過去時。例如： We have made a lot of friends since we came here. 自從我們來到這里以來已經(jīng)交了很多的朋友。（3）談?wù)撃橙说某錾掌诮?jīng)常用一般過去時。例如： When were you born? 你是什么時候出生的？ I was born in 1983. 我出生于1983年。3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法： （1）表示說話的時候正在發(fā)生的動作，經(jīng)常與時間狀語now，at present，at this time/ moment等連用。例如： The boys are playing football over there now.

26、這些男孩子們正在那邊踢足球。 My father is watching TV with my mother now. 我的爸爸正在和媽媽一起看電視。（2）表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行著的動作，但不一定在說話時正在進(jìn)行。經(jīng)常與now，these days等時間狀語連用。例如： I am learning French in Beijing these days. 這些天我正在學(xué)法語。（3）一些瞬間動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時可以表示一般將來時表示“即將”，常有表示將來的時間狀語。常用的這類動詞有g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, retur

27、n等。例如： Hurry up! The bus is coming. 快點！公共汽車馬上就要開了。 He is coming back tomorrow. 他明天會回來。注意：表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動詞如果指現(xiàn)在情況的話，一般不用于進(jìn)行時，而要用一般現(xiàn)在時。這樣的動詞有：love, like, hate, want, hope, need, wish, know, understand, remember, belong, hear, see, seem, have(有), sound(聽起來), taste（嘗起來）等。中考（ ）1. -Wheres your mother, Helen?-Sh

28、e_ the flowers in the garden. （2007年）A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered（ ）2. -Hurry up! Its time to leave. -OK, _.（2006年）A. Im coming B. Ill come C. Ive come D. I come（ ）3. -Shall we invite Tom to play football now? -Oh, no. He his clothes.（2006年）A. is washing B. washes C. has washed

29、 D. washed4. 過去進(jìn)行時的用法： 表示說話的過去某個時候或某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。這一特定時間除了有上下文暗示外，經(jīng)常和表示過去時間的狀語then，a moment ago，at this time yesterday，at ten last night，at that time/ moment等連用。例如：What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天這個時候你正在做什么？I was cooking with my mother. 我正和我媽媽一起做飯。5. 一般將來時的用法： 表示將來發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示將來的時間狀語

30、，如tomorrow，next week/ year/ month，this afternoon/ evening，tonight，in a few days，when he comes等連用。一般將來時的構(gòu)成：1） will/shall動詞原形2）be going to動詞原形。其中shall用于第一人稱，will用于第二和第三人稱。例如：Ill come and help you tomorrow. 我明天來幫助你。He will go to Beijing and see his father next week. 他下個星期去看他的爸爸。注意：（1）shall一般和第一人稱的代詞連用構(gòu)

31、成shall I或者shall we的一般疑問句，用來詢問對方的意圖和愿望，征求別人同意等。在以第二人稱作主語的問句中,用will 表示請求.例如：Shall we go swimming this afternoon? 今天下午我們?nèi)ビ斡竞脝幔縒ill you please lend me your pen?（2）當(dāng)主語是第一人稱時,用will 表示意愿.決心.允諾.命令等. eg. I will give you an English-Chinese dictionary for your birthday.（3）助動詞shall引起的一般疑問句征求別人同意時，回答不能用Yes, you

32、shall或者No, you shall not，應(yīng)該用Yes, please do.或者No, please dont. 例如：Shall I close the window? 我把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？ No, please dont.不，別關(guān)。（4）be going to+動詞原形，常用來表示已經(jīng)決定或安排要做的事，也用于表示必然或很可能發(fā)生的事。例如：They are going to finish the work this evening. 他們打算今天晚上完成這項工作。Its going to snow. 要下雪了。中考演練( )1 Will you go to the Great W

33、all if it _ fine tomorrow?A. will B. was C. is going to be D. is( )2 Please come to our meeting if you _ free tomorrow.A. will B. will beC. are D. were( )3 _ you free now? I have some questions to ask you.A. Will B. Do C. Are D. Would6. 過去將來時的用法： 表示過去某個將來時間發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài)。第一人稱用should動詞原形，其他人稱用would動詞原形

34、。也可以用was/were +going +to 動詞原形。過去將來時經(jīng)常用在間接引語中，主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時。例如：Your father said he was going to visit your school next week.你爸爸說他下個星期要到你的學(xué)校參觀。They said they would come the next day. 他們說第二天就回來。7.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法： （1）表示動作發(fā)生在過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或者結(jié)果，而這種影響或者結(jié)果往往是說話人的興趣所在。常用的狀語有already, yet, not yet, now, just, by this

35、time等。例如：The bus has come here. 公共汽車已經(jīng)來了。Someone has cleaned the window. 有人已經(jīng)擦了窗戶。（2）表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且可能繼續(xù)下去的動作。常與表示一段時間的狀語連用，如today, this week/ month/ summer, lately, recently, these days, so far, in the past few days, since the end of last year, for a long time等。例如：We have lived here for two years.

36、 我們在這里住了兩年了。注意：（1）buy，borrow，die等非延續(xù)性動詞（也稱為瞬間動詞）的肯定形式一般不能和表示一段時間的for短語與since短語（或從句）連用，這時要用相應(yīng)的動詞代替這些非延續(xù)性動詞。例如：() I have bought the bike for two years. 我買這輛自行車兩年了。() I have had the bike for two years. 瞬間動詞與延續(xù)動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：buyhavestopbe overleavebe away come backbe back borrowkeep diebe dead beginbe onfall asl

37、eepbe asleeparrivebe here get upbe up joinbe inbe a member例如：They borrowed the book two weeks ago他們兩個星期前借的這本書。 They have kept the book for two weeks A month has passed since he left home. 他離開家已經(jīng)一個月了。 He has been away from home for a month.（2）注意以下表示法的含義與用法：have been (to): 去過或到過（某地）（表示某人過去的經(jīng)歷）have gon

38、e (to)：去（某地）了 （現(xiàn)在可能已在某地）have come (to)：來（某地）了 （現(xiàn)在可能已在某地）have been in +一段時間: 已在某地一段時間了例如：He has been to Hangzhou several times. 他到過幾次了。He has gong to Hangzhou, so he cant help us. 他去了，所以他不可能幫助我們。He has come to our city. Lets go to visit him. 他已經(jīng)到我們城市來了，我們?nèi)グ菰L他吧。She has been in London for half a year.

39、她在倫敦已經(jīng)半年了。（3）Since用法小結(jié)：1) since +過去一個時間點 (如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989. 2) since +一段時間+ ago I have been here since five months ago. 3) since +從句 Great changes have taken place since you left. Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here. 4) It

40、is +一段時間+ since從句 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student （3）現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)這一動作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等，所以不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用；一般過去時只表示過去的事實，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，可以和表示過去的時間狀語連用。例如：Have you seen the film? Yes, I have. (表示結(jié)果：已經(jīng)看過了，因此了解了這部電影)When did you see it? I saw it last Sunday. (表示事實：過去做的一件事的時間)

41、He has taught this class for two years. （現(xiàn)在仍教著，或者剛剛停止）He taught this class for two years. （過去教過）中考連接( )1I_ a letter from him since he left（市） Adidnt receive Bhavent got Cdidnt have Dhavent heard ( )2How long have you _ this book？（市） Abought Bborrowed Chad Dlent ( )3Youve never seen such a wonderful

42、film before，_ ？（省） Ahavent you Bhave you Cdo you Ddont you ( )4We have lived here _ five years ago（?。?Awhen Bsince Cbefore Dafter ( )5How do you like Beijing，Mr Black？ Oh，I _ such a beautiful city（?。?Adont visit Bdidnt visit Chavent visited Dhadnt visited ( )6His brother has been to Stone Forest twi

43、ce _ he came to Yunnan（市） Aafter Bbefore Csince Dfor ( )7His grandpa _ for two years（） Awas died Bhas been dead Cwas dead Dhas died ( )8Have you ever_ to Haikou？ Yes，I_ there with my family last August（省） Agone；went Bbeen；went Cbeen；went to Dbeen；was in ( )9His sister _ her hometown for three years

44、Shell return next year（市） Aleft Bhas left Chas been away Dhas been away from 8. 過去完成時的用法： 過去完成時和現(xiàn)在完成時的用法基本相似，表示某個動作在過去的某個時間之前已經(jīng)完成，即“過去的過去”。現(xiàn)在完成時以現(xiàn)在為基準(zhǔn)，而過去完成時則以過去某個時刻為基準(zhǔn)。見下圖：1）.過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。如： When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒來時，雨已經(jīng)停了。（主句的動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”） 2）.當(dāng)賓語

45、從句的主句為一般過去時，且從句的動作先于主句的動作時，從句要用過去完成時。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。 如：He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 發(fā)生在 told 之前 ) 3）.過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與 already ，yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等時間副詞與 by ， before ， until 等引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。Before she came to

46、 China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years. Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten. 4）.過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間，而且動作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。如： By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. （ had worked 已有了

47、20 年，還有繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的可能）中考連接一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. We(paint) the house before we _ (move) in. 2. Paul(go) out with Jane after he (make)a phone call. 3. Tom(say) he had read_ (read) the book twice. 4. Our plan(fail ) because we(make) a bad mistake. 5.When I _(arrive) at the station, he(leave). 6.We(learn) about 400

48、0 English words by the end of last term. 二、單項選擇( )1. I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt ( )2. She said she _ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen ( )3. She had written a number of books _ the end of last year. A

49、. for B. in C. by D. at ( )4. He _ before he was 11 years old. A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. ( )5. By the time he was 4, he _ _ a lot of German words. A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns ( )6. The students _ their classroom

50、when the visitors arrived. A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned 非謂語動詞 一、中考要求： 非謂語動詞在中考經(jīng)?？疾閯釉~不定式的用法、動名詞的用法與非謂語動詞與某些動詞的固定搭配等。二、知識要點： （1）有些動詞只能接不定式作賓語。如：agree (同意)，offer (提出)， plan (打算，計劃) ，ask (要求)，promise (答應(yīng))，help (幫忙)， prepare (準(zhǔn)備)，decide (決定)，refuse (拒絕)，dare (敢于)，ch

51、oose (選擇)，wish，hope（希望），want， would like (想要)等。（2）有些動詞后只能接動名詞作賓語，初中常見的動詞有：mind, finish, dislike, enjoy, keep, suggest等，另外在介詞后面要用動名詞作賓語如prevent sb. from, look forward to, succeed in，be used to(習(xí)慣于) 等這些短語后。I enjoy playing the piano very much. 我非常喜歡彈鋼琴。We are looking forward to seeing you soon. 我們渴望不久以

52、后見到你。（3）有些動詞接不定式和動名詞作賓語都可以，但是有區(qū)別，例如：A: remember to do 記得去做某事(未做)remember doing記得做過某事 (已做)Remember to go to the post office after school 記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。 Dont you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?B: forget to do忘記要去做某事。(未做)forget doing忘記做過某事。(已做)The light in the office is still on. He forgot to

53、 turn it off.辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關(guān)了。(沒有做關(guān)燈的動作)He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。 ( 已做過關(guān)燈的動作)C: stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事The students stop to listen to their teacher. 學(xué)生們停下來去聽他們老師講話。 The students stopped talking. 學(xué)生們停止了談話。D: need to do 需要做 表示主動語態(tài)，主語為人。 need doing 需要被做 表示被動語態(tài)，主語

54、為物。 You need to get up early. 你需要早起。 The window needs cleaning. 窗戶需要（被）擦了。（4）有些動詞接不定式和動名詞作賓語都可以，意義基本一樣：如like, love, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue等。A. like, love, hate, prefer 在英國英語中稍有區(qū)別，接 to do 強調(diào)一次性的動作，接doing強調(diào)習(xí)慣性的愛好。 I like singing, but I dont like to sing for you.B. begin與start本身為進(jìn)行式時，后面接不

55、定式。He is beginning to see his mistakes. 他開始看到了他的錯誤。中考演練一.單項填空( )1. Listen! Some of the girls _ about Harry Potter. Lets join them.A. are talking B. talkC. will talk D. talked( )2. Our teacher, Miss Chen, _English on the radio the day bore yesterday.A. teaches B. taughtC. will teach D. had taught( )3

56、. I dont think I _ you in that dress before.A. have seen B. was seeingC. saw D. see( )4. Susans parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It _ be very expensive.A. must B. can C. mustnt D. cant( )5. Coffee is ready. How nice it _ ! Would you like some?A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. fe

57、els( )6. “ Mr. Zhu, youd better _ too much meat. You are already over weight,” said the doctor.A. not to eat B. to eat C. not eat D. eat( )7. “Dont always make Michael _ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear,” Mr. Bush said to his wife.A. do B. to do C. does D. did( )8. Sorry, I cant hear you

58、clearly. Will you please _ your E-mail address? Ill write it down.A. review B. recite C. report D. repeat( )9. Dont _ your coat, Tom! Its easy to catch cold in spring.A. take away B. take off C. take down D. take out( )10. You _ go and ask Meimei. She _ know the answer.A. must; can B. must; may C. n

59、eed; can D. can; may( )11. Im sorry youve missed the train. It _ 10 minutes ago.A. left B. has left C. had left D. has been left( )12. I bought a new dictionary and it _ me 30 yuan.A. paid B. spent C. took D. cost( )13. Mum, may I go out and play basketball? _ you _ your homework yet?A. Do; finish B

60、. Are; finishing C. Did; finishing D. Have; finished( )14. I have to go now. Please remember to _ the lights when you leave.A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D. turn on( )15. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school next week.A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give( )16. Look!