2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習Unit1Greatscientists學案必修5

1、PAGE PAGE 15Unit 1Great scientists重點單詞分類識記單詞 eq avs4al(用時少功效高) 核心單詞記全記牢用準用活1.defeatvt.&n.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫；失敗2expert adj. 熟練的；經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的n. 專家；行家3attend vt. 照顧；護理；出席；參加4expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光5cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治療6absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使專心7suspect vt. 認為；懷疑n. 被懷疑者；嫌疑犯8severe adj. 嚴重的；劇烈的；嚴厲的9foresee vt. 預(yù)見；預(yù)知10blame

2、 vt.&n. 責備；譴責；過失；責備11handle n&vt. 柄；把手；處理；操縱12link vt.& n. 連接；聯(lián)系 品句填詞1(2020天津卷)She was curious about how the experts(專家)did it.2The Womens Volleyball Team defeated(打敗)its opponent and won another World Champion last year.3Mr.Yang handled(處理)the situation very perfectly and was highly thought of by t

3、he President.4Researchers find cures(治愈)for certain diseases often by using the forests plants and animals.5Suspecting(suspect)the traveler of carrying drugs，the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase.6Children，when exposed(expose)to an Englishspeaking atmosphere，will pick up the

4、 language much more easily.拓展單詞1.conclude vt.& vi.結(jié)束；推斷出conclusion n結(jié)論；結(jié)束2challenge n挑戰(zhàn) vt.向挑戰(zhàn)challenging adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的3announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告announcer n播音員；廣播員4instruct vt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)instruction n指導(dǎo)；指示；用法說明instructive adj.指示性的；有教育意義的5construct vt.建設(shè)；修建construction n建設(shè)；建筑物6contribute vt.& vi

5、.捐獻；貢獻；捐助contribution n捐獻；貢獻7cautious adj.小心的，謹慎的caution n小心；謹慎cautiously adv.小心地；謹慎地8responsibility n責任；負責responsible adj.有責任的；負責的9scientific adj.科學的science 科學scientist n科學家10certainty n確信；確實certain adj.確實的；肯定的certainly adv.確定；肯定11universe n宇宙；世界universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的universally adv.普遍地12paint v繪畫；涂

6、painter n畫家；油漆匠painting n油畫；水彩畫 用所給詞的適當形式填空1(2020天津卷)This led Jones to the conclusion(conclude)that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community，who are easy targets of cheating.2(2020全國卷)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific(science)research

7、.3John was having lunch when he heard the announcement(announce)that he had won the first prize in the speech contest.4(2018全國卷語法填空)This switch has decreased pollution(pollute)in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.5The great bridge under construction is

8、designed by Chinese engineers and it will take about a year to construct the large bridge.(construct)6I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challengeLast week I got a new job in a big firm，and I found it very challenging(challenge)7In the class，our teacher often instructs us to improve our

9、 reading ability and his instruction makes a difference in our English learning.(instruct)8The writer personally contributed 5，000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his contributions were gratefully received.(contribute)9Its universally accepted that the universe originated from the big bang.

10、(universe)閱讀單詞1.characteristic n特征；特性2radium n. 鐳3analyse vt. 分析4physician n. 醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)師5outbreak n. 爆發(fā)；發(fā)作(尤指疾病或戰(zhàn)爭) 6.victim n.受害者7enquiry n. 詢問8neighbourhood n. 附近；鄰近9pump n. 泵；抽水機 vt. (用泵)抽(水) 10firework n. 煙火(燃放) 11.chart n.圖表12positive adj. 積極的；肯定的；確實的13reject vt. 拒絕；不接受；拋棄14enthusiastic adj. 熱情的；熱

11、心的 單元主題語塊背誦 eq avs4al(人與社會之偉大的科學家) 1receive the Nobel Peace Prize獲得諾貝爾和平獎2face the challenge 面對挑戰(zhàn)3in the field of science 在科學領(lǐng)域4get over varieties of difficulties 克服各種各樣的困難5play a leading role in 起著帶頭作用6gather information 收集信息7make further investigation 做進一步調(diào)查8find supporting evidence 找到有力的證據(jù)9make r

12、apid progress in medical technology在醫(yī)學科技方面取得快速的進步10make a breakthrough 取得突破11carry out scientific experiments 開展科學實驗12promote the development of other science 促進其他科學的進步conclude vt.& vi.結(jié)束；推斷出；達成；締結(jié) eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空He concluded his speech with a famous saying “Where there is a will，there is a way”(20

13、19全國卷)When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion(conclude)，Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. eq x(再寫美) 一句多譯我從我自己的經(jīng)歷中得出結(jié)論：患難見真情。I drew_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion)I concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in n

14、eed is a friend indeed.(conclude)(1)conclude eq blc(avs4alco1(sth.from sth.,from sth.that.) 從中推斷出conclude sth. eq blc(avs4alco1(with sth.,by doing sth.) 以結(jié)束(2)conclusion n. 結(jié)論；結(jié)束come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論in conclusion 總而言 eq o(之,sdo4(,) In conclusion，we are very proud of ourselves and beli

15、eve we can do more for a better world.總之，我們?yōu)樽约候湴?，并且堅信我們可以為一個更美好的世界做更多的事。attend vt.照顧；護理；出席；參加 vi.專心；留意 eq x(先練會) 寫出下列句中attend的含義I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend to.處理 Devoted to her work，she had no time to attend(on)her children.照顧；護理 (2020新高考山東卷)In Ferghana，he

16、 attends a mountain funeral followed by a strange drinking party.參加 eq x(再寫美) 詞匯/句式升級I cant go out with you tonight because I have an important thing to do.Having_an_important_thing_to_attend_to，I cant go out with you tonight.(分詞作狀語)With_an_important_thing_to_deal_with，I cant go out with you tonight

17、.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))(1)attend a meeting/a lecture/a wedding/class 參加會議/聽講座/參加婚禮/上課(2)attend(on/upon)sb. 伺候某人；照顧某人attend to 處理；傾聽；專心于；照 eq o(顧,sdo4(,) Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture，Id like to invite you to attend the exhibition with me.(2017全國卷書面表達)知道您對中國文化感興趣，我想邀請您與我一起參加展覽?！罢疹櫮橙恕庇梅ǎ?/p>

18、(1)attend on sb. (2)look after sb. (3)take care of sb. (4)watch over sb. expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面臨 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.(2020浙江卷7月)He exposed(expose)his sharp teeth，glaring at us as he ran forward. eq x(再寫美) 句型轉(zhuǎn)換If you expose yourself to the

19、 sunlight for a long time in summer，you will get sunburnt.Exposing_yourself_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time_in_summer，you will get sunburnt.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)Exposed_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time_in_summer，you will get sunburnt.(過去分詞作狀語)(1)expose.to.暴露給；使接觸expose oneself to. 使自己暴露于(2)expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭

20、發(fā)某事(3)exposed adj. 暴露的；無遮蔽的(be)exposed to. 暴露于/接觸 eq o(,sdo4(,) When you come to China，you can be exposed to the Chinese language and the Chinese culture.(2018天津卷滿分作文)當你來到中國，你可以接觸到中國語言和中國文化。在expose.to.以及be exposed to結(jié)構(gòu)中，to為介詞，其后要用名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心；使并入；吞并；理解；掌握 eq x(先練會) 猜測下列句中absorb的含

21、義Many of these farmers have been absorbed into the urban workforce over recent years.使并入；吞并 (2019全國卷)It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D吸收 (2020新高考山東卷)In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of

22、a speakers message.理解 (2019全國卷)So absorbed are these kids in their studies that I just sit back.專心的 eq x(再寫美) 句型轉(zhuǎn)換Tom was absorbed in his work，so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting. Absorbing_himself_in_his_work，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) Absorbed_in_

23、his_work，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(過去分詞作狀語)(1)absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意o. 把吸收進(2)absorbed adj. 全神貫注的(be)absorbed in. 全神貫注于 eq o(,sdo4(,) A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he absorbed himself in his reading.一縷微弱的光線從墻上的小孔中透過來，他專心致志于讀書中。常用過去分詞

24、作狀語的短語：(1)be lost in.陷入；專心致志于(2)be caught in. 被困在(3)be buried in. 埋頭于(4)be devoted to. 致力于(5)be occupied in. 忙于(6)be involved in. 專注于blame vt.責備；譴責；把歸咎于 n過失；責備 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空(2018江蘇卷書面表達)Its unwise for us to blame the increase of ratings on high consumption.It was the professor rather than his ass

25、istant that was to_blame(blame)for what had happened in the lab.(2017全國卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock. eq x(再寫美) 句式升級Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network.Blamed_for_the_breakdown_

26、of_the_school_computer_network，Alice was in low spirits.(分詞作狀語)blame sb. for(doing)sth.為某事責備某人/責備某人做了某事blame sth. on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人be to blame(for) 應(yīng)(為)承擔責任；該(為)受責備lay/put the blame on 把歸咎于 eq o(,sdo4(,) Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others place.我們應(yīng)該多交流

27、、 換位思考而不是相互責怪。be to blame中不能用被動語態(tài)，該短語用主動語態(tài)表示被動含義。contribute vt.& vi.捐獻；貢獻；捐助 eq x(先練會) 猜測加黑詞的含義/單句語法填空(2020天津卷)Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.導(dǎo)致 If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline.投稿 I a

28、m convinced that your participation will certainly contribute to our winning(win)the championship in the match. eq x(再寫美) 微寫作總之，我為自己對傳播中國文化做出的巨大貢獻感到自豪。(2018北京卷書面表達)In conclusion，I was proud of making_great_contributions_to_spreading_Chinese_culture(1)contribute sth. to.把某物捐獻給contribute to 有助于；導(dǎo)致；投稿(

29、2)contribution n. 捐獻；貢獻；投稿make a contribution/contributions to 對做出貢 eq o(獻,sdo4(,) Doing small things well contributes to building up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.把小事做好有助于增強我們的自信心并幫助我們迎接未來更大的挑戰(zhàn)。表示“引起；導(dǎo)致；有助于”的詞語還有：cause，lead to，result in，bring about等。單詞三維練多維度練技能

30、eq avs4al(詞性轉(zhuǎn)換) 用所給詞的正確形式填空，注意特殊詞形變換1(2020江蘇卷)Wilson received several international awards for his great contributions(contribute).2We were shocked by the announcement(announce)that the amusement park would be closed.3Do remember you must read the instructions(instruct)before taking the medicine.4Wh

31、en asked about his dream，Jack says he wants to be a painter(paint)when he grows up.5Exposed to such a challenging(challenge)task，she couldnt sleep well. eq avs4al(動詞形式變化) 用所給動詞的正確形式填空，注意不規(guī)則動詞的形式變化1(2020全國卷)“Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be_exposed(expose)to the public because of Italys privacy law

32、s，finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin.2(2018全國卷)I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged(challenge).3As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine，we must send for an engineer to_handle(handle)the problem.4(2

33、017全國卷)He said the lucky woman will be_announced(announce)on the website and the trip will be shared online.5He was very glad to see his injured son attended(attend)well by the nurses in the hospital. eq avs4al(固定用法和搭配) 在空白處填入1個適當?shù)脑~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1He concluded from their remarks that they were not in fa

34、vour of the plan.2The experts instruct that the data(should)be_analyzed(analyze)in a more systematic method.3As far as I know，the nature preserve is still under construction.4The young man suspected of robbing a bank was taken to the police.短語和句式語境記憶短語 eq avs4al(不枯燥興趣高) 記全記牢用準用活1.put_forward 提出2expo

35、se.to 使顯露；暴露3apart_from 除之外；此外4make_sense 講得通；有意義5draw_a_conclusion 得出結(jié)論6link.to. 將和聯(lián)系/連接起來7be_strict_with. 對嚴格的8be_to_blame 應(yīng)受譴責；應(yīng)負責任9point_of_view 態(tài)度；觀點；看法10slow_down 減速11lead_to 通向；導(dǎo)致12look_into 調(diào)查13contribute_to 導(dǎo)致，有助于 選用左欄短語填空1Doctor Snow suspected that the polluted water was_linked_to the dise

36、ase，but he didnt find enough evidence.2Up to now，the local government has put_forward a set of ideas to deal with unemployment.3At present，the team is looking_into the cause of the forest fire，which caused more than 30 deaths.4We must be_strict_with our students while we should give them love and ca

37、re as well.5Though David talked about the origins of the universe，I didnt think what he said made_sense6(2018天津卷書面表達)The training schedule，apart_from regular training，includes joining in a variety of activities，such as participating in some national competitions.仿寫用活句式 eq avs4al(造佳句表達高) 單元句式會寫1句式：ne

38、ither.nor.連接兩個并列的句子成分教材：Neither_its_cause_nor_its_cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。2句式：every time作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。教材：So many thousands of terrified people died every_time_there_was_an_outbreak所以每次爆發(fā)(霍亂)時，都有成千上萬驚恐的人死去。3句式：“only狀語(從句)”位于句首時后面的主句需用部分倒裝。教材：Only if you put the sun there did_the_move

39、ments_of_the_other_planets_in_the_sky_make_sense只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。4句式：suggest that. 意為“建議”時，謂語動詞應(yīng)該為：shoulddo sth.教材：To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies_be_examined為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測。 單元主題佳句背誦偉大的科學家1Only by analyzi

40、ng the data can we reach reasonable conclusions.只有分析這些數(shù)據(jù)，我們才能得出合理的結(jié)論。2It is science and technology that makes our life more convenient.科技使我們的生活更便捷。3It is because of her outstanding contributions to our country that China is playing a leading role in high speed railways all over the world.正是因為她對我們國家做

41、出的杰出貢獻，使中國在全世界的高鐵領(lǐng)域占據(jù)著領(lǐng)先地位。4In the last decades，advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在過去幾十年中，醫(yī)療技術(shù)的進步已使得人們比過去的人們長壽了。put forward提出(建議)；推薦；將提前；將(鐘表等)向前撥 eq x(先練會) 用put 短語填空I think he is fit for the position；therefore，Ill put_forward Li Hua as a

42、 candidate.First he opened a shop and then he put_up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.Encourage children to put_aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents. eq x(再寫美) 一句多譯至于你在信中提出的問題，我認為有一個平衡的飲食是一個好主意。As for the problem you_put_forward in your letter，I think it is a good i

43、dea to have a balanced diet.As for the problem you_came_up_with in your letter，I think it is a good idea to have a balanced diet.put aside節(jié)?。粌π?；儲存；留出put away 放好；積蓄put off 延期；推遲put up 舉起；張貼；建立；提供食宿put up with 忍受；容忍put through 接通電話；完成；使經(jīng) eq o(受,sdo4(,) Before we carried out the plan，various ideas had

44、been put forward by my classmates.(2017北京卷滿分作文)在我們實施這項計劃之前，同學們提出了不同的想法?！跋氤?，提出”短語：put forward；come up with；come up(被提出)make sense有意義；有道理；講得通 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空This sentence just doesnt make sense，no matter how you read it.In no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or late

45、r. eq x(再寫美) 詞匯升級(2017全國卷滿分作文)Furthermore，youd better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，which can help you understand the poems to be learned.Furthermore，youd better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，which can help you make_sense_of the poems to be learned.(1)make sense

46、 of理解；明白make no sense 沒道理；沒意義(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某種意義來說in no sense 決不(位于句首時用部分倒裝 eq o(）,sdo4(,) It doesnt make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.There is no sense(in)buying that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.這些便宜的大衣也一樣好，買那件貴的沒有意義。句型公

47、式：neither.nor.既不也不(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治療方法。 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空(2019全國卷)Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.Not only John and Tom but also their sister，Mary，takes(take)great interest in the piano lessons now. eq x(再寫美) 句式升級The teach

48、er is not content with the result.The students are not content with the result.Neither_the_teacher_nor_the_students_are_content_with_the_result. (1)neither.nor.既不也不，連接句中兩個相同的句子成分。連接主語時，謂語動詞遵循就近原則。(2)遵循“就近原則”的其他并列連詞：either.or.不是就是not only.but also. 不僅而且not.but. 不是而是 eq o(,sdo4(,) Kun Ming is a beauti

49、ful city，where its neither too hot nor too cold all the year around.昆明是個美麗的地方，一年四季既不冷也不熱。句型公式：every time引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句(教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.所以每次爆發(fā)霍亂時，都有成千上萬驚恐的人病死。 eq x(先練會) 補全句子Every_time_I_hear_this_English_song(每次我想起這首英語歌曲)，I cant help thinkin

50、g of my friend Anna.Be careful! The machine starts the_moment_you_press_the_button(你一按電鈕).The_first_time_I_walked_into_the_library(我第一次走進圖書館)，I was greatly impressed by so many books. eq x(再寫美) 一句多譯他第一次上這位年輕老師的課時，就感興趣。He became interested in the young teachers lesson the_first_time he attended his c

51、lass.He became interested in the young teachers lesson when he attended his class for_the_first_time常見的可用作從屬連詞的名詞短語或副詞還有：(1)the first time第一次時(the)next time 下次時any time 任何時候the last time 上次時(2)the minute/moment/instant 一就(3)immediately/instantly/directly 一就 eq o(,sdo4(,) I think of the happy hours w

52、e spent together every time I see these photos.每次看到這些照片，我會想起我們一起度過的美好時光。短語句式二維練 eq avs4al(多維度練技能) eq avs4al(固定搭配和句式) 在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1Last year，neither the experts nor the physician was(be)enthusiastic about the cure for the severe disease.2Not only the students but also the teacher was_inst

53、ructed(instruct)not to be exposed to the sun for too long last summer.3In conclusion，I owned my success to my parents，who were strict with me when I was young.4The manager is cautious about making predictions for the success of the tourist attraction. eq avs4al(補全句子) 1他在全班面前說，只有我們把心放在學習上我們才能取得大的進步。H

54、e said before the whole class that only_if_we_put_our_heart_into_our_lessons_could_we_make_great_progress2這場時長3個小時的音樂節(jié)將于上午9點開始，你最好來得早一點，以便能有一個不錯的欣賞位置。 (2019全國卷滿分作文)The 3hour music festival will begin at 9：00 am and youd better come earlier for a good seat so_that_you_can_enjoy_a_better_view3不是你而是那位專

55、家將要出席我們學校舉行的典禮。Not you but the expert is_to_attend_the_ceremony to be held in our school.4每當我去看望那些受害者，我都會盡量對他們表現(xiàn)出一種積極的態(tài)度。Every_time_I_went_to_visit_the_victims，I tried to show a positive attitude towards them. eq avs4al(閱讀完形提分練詞義理解) 維度1生詞生義1(2020全國卷)She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolutio