it,one,that區(qū)別,

1、替代詞it，that，one(s)，those用法區(qū)別 【學(xué)習(xí)目標】為了避免重復(fù), it, that, one(s), those都可用來代替上文出現(xiàn)的名詞，但它們的用法不同。現(xiàn)在來區(qū)別。 【知識概括】用法 1. it代替的是前面提到的同一名稱的同一事物，即同名同物。所代替的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞, 也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。如： The name whitewater comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly. （it代替不可數(shù)名詞water) And

2、 today, if you go to Salt Lake City, you can see a mountain with seagulls on top of it. (it代替可數(shù)名詞mountain) Id like to look at that atlas. May I borrow it? (it代替可數(shù)名詞atlas) 2. one代替的是前面提到的同名異物中的任何一個,即同名異物 ，是泛指所代替名詞是可數(shù)名詞, 其前可帶冠詞與修飾語。如代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則用ones。如： The population problem may be the greatest one in th

3、e world today. (one代替可數(shù)名詞problem) -Which jackets are yours? -The white ones. (ones代替可數(shù)名詞jackets) 3. that代替前面提到的同名異物中特指的事物，所代替的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞, 也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，但其前通常不能有修飾語。如：those都可用來代替上文出現(xiàn)的名詞， The doctor in our school is younger than that in their school. (that代替可數(shù)名詞doctor) The weather of this week is worse tha

4、n that of last week. (that代替不可數(shù)名詞weather) The quality of iron produced in your factory is better than that in their factory. (that代替不可數(shù)名詞quality) 4. those代替前面提到的同名異物中特指的事物，只能指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，相當于the ones。如： In China students learn English at school as a foreign language，except for those in Hong Kong，where many

5、 people speak English as a first or a second language. (those代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞students) The computers in your office are more expensive than those in our school. (those代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞computers)區(qū)別I. itone that三者均可用作代詞, 指代前面提到的名詞。一般說來, it指代同名同物; one與that則指代同名異物。I have lost my umbrella; Im looking for it. （該句中it就是指前面的my u

6、mbrella）I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one. （one在該句中表泛指, 因為my umbrella已經(jīng)丟了）The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. （替代詞that在該句中特指“the umbrella I bought”, 以區(qū)別“the umbrella you bought”）II. one與that雖可用來指代同名異物, 但one為泛指, 相當于aan名詞; that為特指, 相當于the 名詞。所以one所指代的名詞的修飾語一般為 aan some

7、 any; that所指代的名詞的修飾語往往是the this that。A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood. （該句中one可以換成a chair）The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot. （該句中that可以換成 the water）III. one只能代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù), 代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時用ones; that既可以代替不可數(shù)名詞也可以代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù), 代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時用 those。I like this pen more than that

8、one. （one代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)pen）There were a few young people and some older ones in the house. （ones代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)people）Marys handwriting is far better than that of Peter. （that代替不可數(shù)名詞 handwriting）These pictures are more beautiful than those. （those代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) pictures）IV. one既可代替事物, 也可代替人, that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有時可以用the

9、one或the ones代替that或those。The one That on the table is mine. （該句中The one代替事物, 并且也可以用That）He is the teacher, the one who is loved by the students. （該句中the one代替人, 不能用that）He advised the farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ones those that had the best color. （該句中the ones代替事物, 并且也可以用those）V. one一

10、般有前置修飾語, 有時也可有后置修飾語或不用修飾語。而 that不能有前置修飾語, 但可有后置修飾語。Cook was a strict but good captain, one who took good care of his sailors.The water in the well is cleaner than that in the river.VI. it可以替代句中的不定式或從句等, 充當形式主語或形式賓語。one與that均無此用法。It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once ev

11、ery month.I found it hard to get on with her.VII. it與that均可以替代上文全句的內(nèi)容或部分內(nèi)容, 而one ones則不可以。He has saved my life; Ill never forget it. （it代替第一分句）Tom is painting his house. I am told he does it every four years. （it代替前面分句的部分內(nèi)容painting his house）Lets say we meet here at three oclock. That ought to give

12、you time to buy everything. （That代替前面表述的內(nèi)容）可數(shù)單數(shù)用one替， ones替代復(fù)數(shù)詞。 不定冠詞后加one， one前一般有定語。 替代若系本身物， it 替單 they 代復(fù)。 比較句中替代詞， 不可數(shù)名詞that替。 最高級及序數(shù)詞后， 替代詞常常被略去。 復(fù)數(shù)名詞替代詞， ones 與 those 均用 之， 特指 ones 加定冠， those 之前無冠詞。 One(s) 的定語多在前， those 的定語必后置。Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _ who had alr

13、eady taken them.A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others2. I find _ easy enough to get on with Pam.A. that B. this C. one D. it3. If I can stop her coming to you, I shall do_.A. those B. which C. these D. it4. I havent a pen. Can you lend me_?A. these B. those C. them D. one 5. _ is necessary that I get the text of my revision typed.A. There B. This C. That D. It6. I took _ for granted（conj.假定;就算 ） that you would stay with us.