2022年東北電力大學自考英語（二）練習題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年東北電力大學自考英語（二）練習題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【2010.04】The spokesman occasionally _ his speech with gestures. A、acknowledges B、accompanies C、attributes D、anticipates【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞匯?！咀g文】這位發(fā)言人講演中偶爾伴有手勢。第2題【單選題】【概括大意】They always complained（抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with

2、modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the prob

3、lems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways. B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misundersta

4、nding between them. C、There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people. D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題段落中的各句列舉了年輕人都抱怨其父母些什么，談的是what are the criticisms?的問題因此選擇C。第3題【單選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be o

5、ur only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢、優(yōu)點；C 選擇、取舍；D 野心、抱負。第4題【單選題】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sales ladies and gentlemen are always there ready for you. More often than not（往往）, on such occasions newcome

6、rs from elsewhere, say, China mainland, may feel something more than mere uneasiness-even a sense of guilt if they do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-timers（老前輩，老人）, especially the teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the God;

7、sometimes they would rather be a shoplifter. The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Hong Kong is worthy of its reputation as a business center of the world. B、It is uneasy to be offered smiles and services. C、Shopping or window-shopping here, you can really feel the meaning of The Customer is the Go

8、d ! D、Shoplifting has been a frequent criminal offence.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段強調(diào)的是這里“顧客是上帝”的這種理念和氛圍。因此選擇C。第5題【單選題】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the

9、stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can_. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play games in the sunflower house C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section【正確答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出處，By s

10、ummers end“夏天結(jié)束的時候”實際上就是When autumn comes“秋天來臨的時候”。答案選擇B。第6題【單選題】【填句補文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to

11、 students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正確答案】C【答案解析】這一段是劍橋大學的Albert Galy的原話，我們可以從引導整個關(guān)鍵點得出答案。即：“地學化學家們只想通過直覺判斷元素的活動。我想

12、等高線對學生們有好處”。第7題【單選題】He _ his poor judgment _ Jet Lag A、blamed . for B、blamed . to C、blamed . on D、blamed . at【正確答案】C【答案解析】此題考查固定詞組blame sth. on sb.把.怪到.頭上。第8題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】People suspected that “Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan en

13、tered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because_. A、she w

14、as looking after the children B、she was a friend of Lucans C、it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan D、Loard Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。因果關(guān)系題。對照本段People suspected that“Lucky”，as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that

15、 Lucan entered his old house and in the dark，killed the nanny by mistake.本來是要殺他的妻子，可是因為天太黑，所以錯殺了保姆。答案選C。第9題【單選題】【2009.04】_Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class. A、What B、Which C、That D、Who【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查主語從句的引導詞的選擇。譯文：湯姆所做的事情使得他班里的每個同學都感到吃驚。詳細解答：what Tom has done指湯姆所做的事情；B 哪一個；C （無詞義）；D

16、 誰。第10題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to

17、 8 a. m. one week, 8 am to 4pm the next, and 4 pm to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.In the last sentence of the paragraph, “ano

18、ther” means_. A、another routine B、another shift C、another week D、another person【正確答案】A【答案解析】another（另一個）之后省略了routine 一詞。第11題【單選題】【填句補文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. _ Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Tech

19、nology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming. A、These are newer and better models, B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming. C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. D、As plankton die and

20、settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正確答案】A【答案解析】這個問題可以根據(jù)引號來作答，因為空格后面有“says”這個詞，它預示著所填入的句子應該是帶引號的。A的意思是：這些是比較新的也是比較好的模型。第12題【單選題】【2010.04】There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have it _. A、repair B、to repair C、repairing D、repaired【正確答案】D【答案解析

21、】本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。選擇過去分詞作賓語補語，表示被動以及動作的完成?！咀g文】我的手機有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手機）。第13題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam spend a lot of their wi

22、nter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation. They all come for the same reason: s

23、un!In the paragraph, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentioned_. A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climate B、to tell us how wealthy their residents are C、to suggest that these cities lack places of historic interest and scenic beauty D、to prove that

24、they have got more tourism than they can handle【正確答案】A【答案解析】該段中所列舉的三個城市都具有陰冷日短的氣候特點，這些不利的地理氣候條件使得當?shù)鼐用裣蛲柟獬渥愕牡胤?。四個選項中，選項A最接近題意。第14題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Bec

25、ause we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it

26、was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth? A、1 pound. B、2 pounds. C、3 pounds. D、4 pounds.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題問的是一磅茶如果被帶出離地球表面4000英里的地方，重量會是多少？4000這個數(shù)字比較關(guān)鍵，因為在本段最后一句中出現(xiàn)了這個詞，一看該句If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a

27、pound.只是把名詞換了一下，很顯然答案就是變成原來重量的四分之一，因此正確答案是A。第15題【單選題】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be _. A、shut down B、done away C、taken off D、called off【正確答案】D【答案解析】題目意思：由于天氣不好，運動會不得不取消了。本題是短語意義區(qū)分題。A 關(guān)閉，停業(yè) B 廢除，終止（與with連用） C 離開，起飛 D 取消 第16題【單選題】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical char

28、ges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges（正電荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged（負電荷的）. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negativel

29、y charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface_. A、is positively charged B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is negative charged D、is ch

30、anged from positively charge to negative charge【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解釋了云層與地面之間的閃電的成因，云層下部帶負電荷，排斥地面表層的負電荷，所以地面表層聚集的是正電荷。答案為A。第17題【單選題】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been re

31、cognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of _. A、industrially p

32、olluted soils B、the element of iodine C、rock and soil chemistry D、the persistence of heavy metals【正確答案】B【答案解析】通過關(guān)鍵詞Some serious diseases，可將題目定位于最后一句話：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of和lack of表達同樣的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根據(jù)這句話可以判斷答案為B。第18題【單選題】【概括大意】The VLT （Very La

33、rge Telescope） is the worlds largest telescope （望遠鏡） and is taking astronomers （天文學家） further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 metres up in the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burnin

34、g match 10,000 kilometres away.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Biggest telescope B、Power of the telescope C、Fuctions of VLT D、Birth of the new telescope【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字主要介紹了世界上最大的望遠鏡。第19題【單選題】【概括大意】The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New

35、 York Botanical Gardens, is “Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden.”The main idea of this paragraph is

36、_. A、Different Kinds of Gardens. B、Kinds of Plants in s Home Garden C、The Most Important Point in Family Gardening D、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段指出家庭園藝的主旨是讓孩子去體驗，培養(yǎng)他們的想象力和鑒賞力。所以答案為C。第20題【單選題】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the right of the

37、immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分?！咀g文】強烈支持采取新措施維護移民的權(quán)力?！驹敿毥獯稹緼 統(tǒng)計學 B 建設 C 措施，辦法 D 讓步，特許權(quán)第21題【單選題】Now many major employers are beginning to demand _ the completion of school A、more than B、rather than C、other than D、better than【正確答案】A【答案解析】more th

38、an：多于，不只。句意：現(xiàn)在很多雇主開始不僅僅要求學業(yè)的完成。第22題【單選題】【2009.04】This is the first time that a woman has been_ to the post. A、granted B、praised C、pointed D、appointed【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：這是第一次任命一位婦女擔任此職位。試題分析：本題考查詞義辨析。詳細解答：A 允許、同意；B 表揚、贊揚；C 指、指出；D 指定、任命、委任。第23題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occ

39、urrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Childr

40、en love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed

41、by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be _. A、uninhibited B、indifferent C、restrained D、responsible【正確答案】C【答案解析】該題的解題依據(jù)在本段結(jié)尾部分“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者講：隨著孩子的年齡逐漸增大，大人就會教他們抑制對節(jié)奏的反應，等他們長大之后，他們對

42、音樂節(jié)奏的反應，更可能受到抑制。第24題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The system has several advantages. Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth. Instead, they can stay inside, watching by remote control. If there is no problem, they stay away from the sheep. But

43、 when they are needed they can quickly go out to help, or to scare away foxes. The experiment is popular with shepherds because it means that they do not have to spend all their time outdoors waiting for the lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage, we learn that walking among the sheep

44、_. A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV inside B、can help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambs C、is the best way to protect the sheep D、usually disturbs the mother sheep that will give birth【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據(jù)本段第二句話Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to distur

45、b the mother sheep that are about to give birth.可知D項正確。第25題【單選題】【2007.04】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be _. A、shut down B、done away C、gone off D、called off【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：關(guān)閉（工廠）；（工廠）停工，關(guān)閉。do away常與with搭配，構(gòu)成do away with。go off：爆炸，（鬧鈴）響。 第26題【單選題】

46、【填句補文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any

47、smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答案解析】這部分所說的體積的減小和所需時間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時間形成了對比。即：目前它大約像冰箱那么大，而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺式計算機那么大，把掃描時間縮短到30秒。第27題【單選題】【填句補文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive

48、 sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for u

49、ndergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正確答案】C【答案解析】這一段是劍橋大學的Albert Galy的原話，我們可以從引導整個關(guān)鍵點得出答案。即：“地學化學家們只想通過直覺判斷元素的活動。我想等高線對學生們有好處”。第28題【單選題】【2007.04】The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from _ in the living room. A

50、、that B、it C、one D、which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復合句。that在本句中指代the furniture，目的是為了避免重復。which用于引導句子或短語，在此也不能指代the furniture。 第29題【單選題】【填句補文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged th

51、e periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正確答案】C【答案解析】這一段是劍橋

52、大學的Albert Galy的原話，我們可以從引導整個關(guān)鍵點得出答案。即：“地學化學家們只想通過直覺判斷元素的活動。我想等高線對學生們有好處”。第30題【單選題】【2010.04】We have greatly _ the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion. A、stimulated B、perceived C、obscured D、simplified【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 按照主席的提議我們已經(jīng)大大地簡化了步驟?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞義辨析。【詳細解答】 動詞的詞義選取。第31題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Demands

53、for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile（爬行類的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out

54、.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that _. A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain. B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out. C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies

55、in Europe need protecting.【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。本段的第二個句子是這么說的：有21個國家組成的歐洲委員會的研究表明，45%的爬行動物和24%的蝴蝶瀕臨滅絕。由此可見，D是正確的答案。第32題【單選題】【2007.04】The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its _ considerably. A、distribution B、contribution C、prescription D、circulation【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。circulation

56、：（書報雜志的）銷售量，發(fā)行額，銷路。符合句意。 第33題【單選題】【2010.04】The spokesman occasionally _ his speech with gestures. A、acknowledges B、accompanies C、attributes D、anticipates【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞匯?！咀g文】這位發(fā)言人講演中偶爾伴有手勢。第34題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adju

57、st【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析?！咀g文】她花了幾秒鐘時間使眼睛適應黑暗?！驹敿毥獯稹緼 分配，撥出 B 收養(yǎng)，過繼 C 應用，申請 D 調(diào)整，使適合第35題【單選題】【填句補文】There is a difference between science and technology. _. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve

58、to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. C、Unlike s

59、cience, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正確答案】D【答案解析】第一句總述了科學和技術(shù)是有差別的。缺空后是對兩者的分述，因此缺空處也應是對兩者的分述，故選D。第36題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The other side of a state legal appa

60、ratus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle d