2022年山東城市建設(shè)職業(yè)學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年山東城市建設(shè)職業(yè)學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving

2、each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions? A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work. B、More jobs will be created by the union. C、More people

3、will be employed than necessary. D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段開頭告訴讀者“there are more men than are neededwhen two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”，接下來(lái)作者又進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明其實(shí)質(zhì)，即它意味著“33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productiv

4、ity than could be obtained”。第2題【單選題】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】他保證在辦公室里的所有機(jī)密數(shù)據(jù)處于安全狀態(tài)。【詳細(xì)解答】A 使確信，使有信心；B 確保（某事）發(fā)生，擔(dān)保；C 為投保，給保險(xiǎn)；D 安全的，沒有危險(xiǎn)的第3題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Now, there are about 24 milli

5、on microcomputers in use in the United States one for every 10 citizens. It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent of American managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.Q: At present about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。

6、本段一開頭就說(shuō)到目前在美國(guó)大約有二千四百萬(wàn)臺(tái)微型電子計(jì)算機(jī)在使用中，平均每十人就擁有一臺(tái)。因此本題的表述是正確的。第4題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middle class is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges. It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after

7、 World War II. The economy was growing, more and more people owned their own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. The information in this passage deals with_. A、an individual B、a social and economi

8、c group C、a political organization D、Government【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。通過(guò)閱讀本段，middle class中產(chǎn)階級(jí)是一個(gè)群體，選答案B。第5題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known auth

9、ors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正確答案】C【答案解析】這段文字講到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所寫的書已經(jīng)譯成了許多種語(yǔ)言，因此C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。第6題【單選題】【閱讀選

10、擇】Many researchers，whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels（分貝）. They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in

11、 the future? A、They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution. B、They will protect animals from harmful noises. C、They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels. D、They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正確答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful noises. 本段的最后一句話是答案的出處。第7題【單選

12、題】【閱讀選擇】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. I

13、n the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from

14、 school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired the world because _. A、she had managed to save so much money B、she gave her money to African Americans C、she gave her life savings to help others through university D、she only spent money on cheap things【正確

15、答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。only是絕對(duì)詞，在選項(xiàng)D中出現(xiàn)，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)排除D；對(duì)照原文第一自然段最后一句話there was something quite exceptional about this woman說(shuō)她有些特別的地方，接著第二自然段就講In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分積攢的錢捐獻(xiàn)給了家鄉(xiāng)的

16、大學(xué)，A和B表達(dá)都不全面，答案是C。第8題【單選題】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a

17、sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can_. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play games in the sunflower house C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section【正確答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出處，By summers end“夏天結(jié)束的時(shí)候”實(shí)際上就是When autumn comes“秋天來(lái)臨的時(shí)候”。答案選擇B。第9題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】 Although

18、 the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to sh

19、rink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答案解析】這部分所說(shuō)的體積的減小和所需時(shí)間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時(shí)間形成了對(duì)比。即：目前它大約像冰箱那么大，而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個(gè)電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺(tái)式計(jì)算機(jī)那么大，把掃描時(shí)間縮短到30秒。第10題【單選題】【2010.04】What her grandfather said left a _ impression o

20、n her mind. She still remembers it. A、final B、vague C、deep D、main【正確答案】C【答案解析】譯文：她爺爺說(shuō)的事情給她留下深刻的印象，她仍然還記得。本題考查詞匯。形容詞意義區(qū)分題。final 最終的，vague 模糊的，deep 深的，main 主要的。第11題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran th

21、e stores which sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is

22、Marian? A、She is the author. B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen. C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book. D、She guards the jail in the book.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞鎖定短文本段。本段第一句話給出了正確答案，Marian是最先寫這個(gè)故事的人，但是并不是這本書的作者。而且是這本書中那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng)。第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The system has several advantages. Shepherds do

23、not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth. Instead, they can stay inside, watching by remote control. If there is no problem, they stay away from the sheep. But when they are needed they can quickly go out to help, or to scare away foxes.

24、The experiment is popular with shepherds because it means that they do not have to spend all their time outdoors waiting for the lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage, we learn that walking among the sheep _. A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV inside B、can help the moth

25、er sheep to give birth to more lambs C、is the best way to protect the sheep D、usually disturbs the mother sheep that will give birth【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據(jù)本段第二句話Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth.可知D項(xiàng)正確。第13題【單選題】【2009.01】He ins

26、ured his car_he had an accident. A、unless B、if C、since D、in case【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查連詞詞義區(qū)分。句意：他給自己的汽車投了保，以防萬(wàn)一遇到交通事故。A否則，要不然；B 如果；C 自從，由于；D 以防萬(wàn)一，以免。 第14題【單選題】【2009.10】Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself _. A、understand B、understood C、understanding D、to und

27、erstand【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查語(yǔ)法。那個(gè)時(shí)候雖然他說(shuō)英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得不好，但仍然可以讓別人聽懂。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選用。過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)以及動(dòng)作的完成。第15題【單選題】The professor asked a question, and David_ a good answer. A、put up with B、stood up for C、came up with D、looked down upon【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文】教授問(wèn)了一個(gè)問(wèn)題，戴維想出一個(gè)答案?！驹囶}分析】短語(yǔ)意義區(qū)分題。 【詳細(xì)解答】 A 忍受、忍耐 B保衛(wèi)、支持 C 想出、提出 D 輕視、看不

28、起第16題【單選題】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rival

29、s.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic Eruptions B、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older Eruptions C、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older Eruptions D、A Mass Extinction【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第一句話是說(shuō)：Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes；Wign

30、all 計(jì)算了這些火山的“滅絕效率”；其中killing efficiency與killing Power意思差不多，屬于同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換，因此選擇B或C，但是account for 意思是：（在數(shù)量方面）占；說(shuō)明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不選擇B。第17題【單選題】【概括大意】They always complained（抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say.

31、And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this par

32、agraph is_. A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways. B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. C、There are so many criticism to their parents among t

33、he young people. D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題段落中的各句列舉了年輕人都抱怨其父母些什么，談的是what are the criticisms?的問(wèn)題因此選擇C。第18題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official s

34、tatistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the surveyChina was in the lower haft of the league at 60thQ: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。問(wèn)題句說(shuō)“美國(guó)

35、位于前十個(gè)國(guó)家的行列”。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP (人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. 該句說(shuō)“美國(guó)的人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值排名第2，僅位于盧森堡之后，因此美國(guó)在這項(xiàng)調(diào)查中位于第13位?！憋@然問(wèn)題句的說(shuō)法與該句的說(shuō)法不一致，因此判斷問(wèn)題句“錯(cuò)誤”。第19題【單選題】【2008.04】The vehicle was traveling at speeds _ 90 miles per hour. A、in addition to B、i

36、n view of C、in excess of D、in search of【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)辨析。那輛車以超過(guò)每小時(shí)90英里的速度行駛。A .除之外、 例外； B. 由看來(lái)、 有鑒于；C. 過(guò)分、超出； D. 尋找、追求。第20題【單選題】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges（正電荷） build at

37、 the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged（負(fù)電荷的）. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gat

38、hers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface_. A、is positively charged B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is negative charged D、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解釋了云層與地面之間的閃電的成因，云層下部帶負(fù)電荷，排斥地面表層的負(fù)電荷，所以地面表層聚集的是正電荷。答案為A

39、。第21題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過(guò)去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營(yíng)養(yǎng)很好，他們就會(huì)很快痊愈。A 營(yíng)養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險(xiǎn)第22題【單選題】【2009.01】You should help them_when your friends quarrel with each other. A、come into sigh

40、t B、come to terms C、come into play D、come to power【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法。句意：當(dāng)你的朋友吵架時(shí)，你應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助他們協(xié)調(diào)一下。come into 或 come to 都表示進(jìn)入（某種狀態(tài)）。A 映入眼簾；B. 達(dá)成協(xié)議，妥協(xié)；C 開始運(yùn)作；D. 上臺(tái)，開始掌權(quán)。 第23題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands

41、 of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana（博茨瓦納）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow.” In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He see

42、med to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village _. A、is called Katchikow B、supports the idea of hydroponics farm C、has a certain amount of land D、has a meeting each week【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)所考關(guān)鍵詞chief迅速鎖定本段

43、介紹chief的內(nèi)容。每個(gè)村莊都會(huì)有一個(gè)自己的首領(lǐng)，而每個(gè)首領(lǐng)都擁有一定量的土地。第24題【單選題】Long life is altering our society, of course, but in experiential _. A、items B、terms C、turns D、themes【正確答案】B【答案解析】in experiential terms意為“從經(jīng)驗(yàn)上來(lái)說(shuō)”第25題【單選題】【2008.04】That proposal is essentially irrelevant _ the issue at hand. A、with B、from C、in D、to【正確

44、答案】D【答案解析】本題考查介詞的固定搭配。句子翻譯：那個(gè)提案與手頭上的問(wèn)題根本無(wú)關(guān)。irrelevant to 表示：與無(wú)關(guān)。第26題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than

45、the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitationa

46、l pull of a packet of butter because A、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C、its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題定位詞是not feelpacket of

47、butter，找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是B。C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在disappear。第27題【單選題】【2007.04】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be _. A、shut down B、done away C、gon

48、e off D、called off【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：關(guān)閉（工廠）；（工廠）停工，關(guān)閉。do away常與with搭配，構(gòu)成do away with。go off：爆炸，（鬧鈴）響。 第28題【單選題】【2009.7】The judge who was _ to his favorite was criticized by many people. A、partial B、fair C、strict D、frank【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞的意義區(qū)分。本題句意為：許多人批評(píng)了偏袒他自己喜愛（球隊(duì)或球員

49、）的那個(gè)裁判員。A 偏袒的，不公平的；B 公正的；C 嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的； D 坦率的。第29題【單選題】The girl was lucky enough to _ the bad men and ran away. A、break away B、break away from C、break out D、break into【正確答案】B【答案解析】break away：脫離，逃離，逃走。符合句意。介詞from與后面的the bad men連接。break out：爆發(fā)。break into：闖入，潛入，破門而入。第30題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】It was also in the 1600s

50、that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was

51、 no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that they were floating.An important influence in early ballet was_. A、Balanchine B、Marie Antoinette C、Diaghilev D、Lo

52、uis XIV【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)照原文It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. 這里出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間1600s在原文中是比較早的，提到的人物是King Louis XIV，選D。第31題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing

53、 from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第32題【單選題】【2007.04】Jenny complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment. A、expended B、paid C、cost D、charged【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。charge：要價(jià)；索價(jià)；要人支

54、付；收費(fèi)。例如：The fruit seller charged me too much money.這個(gè)水果商要了我很多的錢。 第33題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. _. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin a

55、nd eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays. A、Ionosphere is high above the earth. B、If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots. C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequen

56、cy of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots. D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正確答案】D【答案解析】這一段說(shuō)的是太陽(yáng)黑子對(duì)人類健康的影響。填入的內(nèi)容也應(yīng)該與健康有關(guān)，空格后一句說(shuō)到要保護(hù)皮膚。因此D是正確的。第34題【單選題】【2009.7】The judg

57、e who was _ to his favorite was criticized by many people. A、partial B、fair C、strict D、frank【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題句意為：許多人批評(píng)了偏袒他自己喜愛（球隊(duì)或球員）的那個(gè)裁判員?？疾樾稳菰~的意義區(qū)分。A 偏袒的，不公平的；B 公正的；C 嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的； D 坦率的。第35題【單選題】【2010.04】We have greatly _ the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion. A、stimulated B、perceived C、o

58、bscured D、simplified【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 按照主席的提議我們已經(jīng)大大地簡(jiǎn)化了步驟?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞義辨析?！驹敿?xì)解答】 動(dòng)詞的詞義選取。第36題【單選題】【2009.10】Youd better leave things _ if you dont know how to deal with them. A、off B、out C、alone D、over【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文】 如果你不知道如何處理這些事情，你最好把它們放在一邊。【試題分析】本題考查詞意區(qū)分。【詳細(xì)解答】 A 離開，離去 B 不在里面，出局 C 單獨(dú)的（地） D 完結(jié)，翻倒，

59、越過(guò)第37題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment. She called to see if he was there. She said, “My husband has Alzheimers（老年癡呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me.” Numerous thoughts ran through my h

60、ead. Call the police, call her family, and notify（通知）the doctors office she had just come from! But at first, I offered to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.The elderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to _. A、her husband with Alzheimers B、the nurse in