高考英語動詞時態(tài)ppt課件(PPT 93頁)

1、English Basic Tenses (時態(tài)).第1頁，共93頁。他每天都來。他昨天來了. 他已經(jīng)來了.他明天來. 漢語借助詞匯手段而非詞的形態(tài)變化來表示動作的發(fā)生,而英語主要通過謂語動詞時態(tài)變化來表現(xiàn).任何句子都要先注意時態(tài).He came yesterday.He has come.He will come tomorrow.He comes every day.第2頁，共93頁。 語態(tài)時態(tài)主動一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時.一般過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時v. / v-s/esV-edwill + vwould + v.had + donehave

2、 / has + donehave/has been+ V-ingam /is / are + V-ingwas / were + V-ing.第3頁，共93頁。一:一般現(xiàn)在時定義: 一般現(xiàn)在時。表示通常性、規(guī)律性、習(xí)慣性的狀態(tài)或者動作（有時間規(guī)律發(fā)生的事件）的一種時間狀態(tài).第4頁，共93頁。一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1、 主語+be動詞+其他2、主語+V原形+其他（do)3、主語+Vses+其他(does).第5頁，共93頁。具體運(yùn)用11.表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用。 時間狀語： always, usually, every morning/night/evening/day

3、/week/ year, often, sometimes, twice a week seldom once a month on SundaysI study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.第6頁，共93頁。2.表示客觀事實和普遍真理。(注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。) The teacher said the earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies i

4、n the east of China. 具體運(yùn)用2.第7頁，共93頁。具體運(yùn)用33表示格言或警句中。Eg.1 Pride _(go) before a fall.Eg.2 Columbus proved that the earth _(be) round.第8頁，共93頁。4 汽車、飛機(jī)、會議等按時刻表將要發(fā)生的事。 The train (start)at three this afternoon. The meeting (hold) at 2:00 p.m. every day.5 在時間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時,即主將從現(xiàn)。 If it _ (be)

5、fine tomorrow ,we _ (go) to the countryside. If he _ (come) this afternoon，we_ (have) a meeting. .第9頁，共93頁。1、一般動詞，在詞尾加 s ; 如： work-works, live-lives, play-plays, sing- sings. eg: She lives in Ningbo. 2、以o, s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的動詞詞尾加 -es teach- teaches, wash- washes. go -goes pass-passes fix-fixes eg: My m

6、other washes the coat.動詞變化規(guī)律.第10頁，共93頁。 3.以輔音字母加Y 結(jié)尾的詞，把Y變I 在加ES，Study flystudiesflies 4.特殊情況：have has .第11頁，共93頁。1 Did you get on work on time?Sure. The city center wasnt as crowded this morning as it usually _.A was B is C has been D had been2.In general, most tennis _ on hard courts or on clay.A

7、.plays B. is playedC.has playedD.has been palyed3. What are your rules for carry-on luggage, Madam?You_ only one piece of luggage on the palne, Sir.A. allow B. allowed C.are allowedD.were allowed.第12頁，共93頁。4.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow. A.dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wo

8、nt rain D. isnt rain5. Hell stay in Beijing till his aunt_well. A will getB will be C gets D remains6. Its 6 oclock in the morning. Its time _. A. get up B. got up C. to get up D. gets up .第13頁，共93頁。Example: I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We always _(play) football and basketb

9、all together and we _ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _ (be) happy at that time. 導(dǎo)入之二：How did you spend your childhood?.第14頁，共93頁。二：一般過去時1.定義:動詞的一般過去時態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動作、情況或存在的狀態(tài)。行為動詞(即實義動詞)的過去式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。.第15頁，共93頁。I _ 12 years old this year. I _ 11 years old last year.He _ in Beijing now.He _ i

10、n Shanghai yesterday.Please look at the sentences(be).第16頁，共93頁。They _ (be)in China today.They _ (be) in Japan yesterday.am/ iswasarewere.第17頁，共93頁。I _ (have) eggs and milk for breakfast every morning.I _ (have) noodles for breakfast yesterday morning.He _(have) fruit every day.He _ (have) 3 apples

11、yesterday.have/ hashad.第18頁，共93頁。I (get) up at 6:30 every morning.I _ (get) up at 9:00 last Sunday.He _(play) football every afternoon.He _(play) basketball yesterday afternoon.He _(do) his homework every evening.He _ (do)some reading last night.動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)動詞過去式.第19頁，共93頁。2:謂語構(gòu)成1.動詞 be2.動詞 have, has

12、3.助動詞do, does4.行為動詞用過去式was , werehaddid一般過去時以動詞的過去式來表示，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化.(was,were除外)I went to school yesterday.They went to school yesterday.第20頁，共93頁。一般過去時的謂語構(gòu)成：由動詞的過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化1.一般加ed2.以e結(jié)尾加dwork workedchange changed3.以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的詞,先改 y為 i,再加edstudy studied4.不規(guī)則變化.第21頁，共93頁。規(guī)則動詞過去式-ed的發(fā)音1.在以清輔音結(jié)尾的規(guī)則動詞后, -ed讀

13、作/ t /work/w3:k/edt/2.在以濁輔音或原音結(jié)尾的規(guī)則動詞后, -ed讀作/d /play/pleI / live/lIv /edd/edd/.第22頁，共93頁。3.在以/t/或/d/結(jié)尾的規(guī)則動詞后, -ed讀作/Id / visit/vIzIt /edId/finished enjoyedshoutedmoved helped wantedcalled needed /t/d/Id/d/d/t/Id/Id/.第23頁，共93頁。1.在過去某一時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作：He _ (get) home at ten oclock last night.2.表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作

14、,常與often，always等表示頻度的 間狀語連用：I often _(get up) very early at that time.3:用法.第24頁，共93頁。3.表示已故人所做的事情。Comrade Lei Feng _(do) good deeds in his life. 4. 表示過去所發(fā)生的一系列的動作,而這一系列的動作是從現(xiàn)在的角度來考慮的,不是從動作相互之間的關(guān)系這一角度來考慮的。Miss Liu (get)up at seven oclock this morning, _(dress), (have) breakfast, and _(go) to work.第25

15、頁，共93頁。1.與ago 連用：a momenttwo minutesthree hoursfive daysone weeksix monthsfour yearsago4.用于一般過去時的時間狀語.第26頁，共93頁。lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthe day before yesterday 2.與last 連用3.與yesterday 連用：.第27頁，共93頁。4.與one 連用：onemorningevening dayMonday afternoon5.與that 連用：that

16、morningwinterdayyear.第28頁，共93頁。just nowin the old daysin those daysin 1980the other dayat that timeonce upon a time6.其他時間狀語：.第29頁，共93頁。_ you _ (remember) to buy the oranges yesterday?2.Who _ (invent) the computer?3.We _ (go) to the cinema last night. The film _ (be) very good.4.What time _ you _ (ge

17、t) to school this morning?5.Jim _ (do) a lot yesterday. He _ (go) shopping and _ (cook) supper. 用動詞的適當(dāng)時態(tài)填空 .第30頁，共93頁。6. He usually _ (get) up at 6 in the morning. Look! He _ (get) up now. But yesterday he _ (get) up very late, so he _ (go) to school late. He _ (be) late for school.第31頁，共93頁。一般過去時用在

18、虛擬語氣中1（事實：我不可能是你） If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 2（事實：不知道）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.第32頁，共93頁。 2（事實：不知能否下雪）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.3. （事實：不知道她是否會來）If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.第33頁，共93頁。

19、Would rather 從句中wouldrather后可接從句，從句用一般過去式，即 1 wouldrathersb.didsth.表示寧愿某人現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪瞿呈?；HedratheryoucameonFriday.2 wouldrathersb.haddonesth.表示寧愿某人過去做過某事。如：Idratheryouhadnttoldhimthenewsthatday.第34頁，共93頁。It is （high/about） time that 從句中（該做的時候了）I think it is time that they were taught a lesson.It is time I

20、 was in bed.也可以用should + 動原should 不省.第35頁，共93頁。猶如picture導(dǎo)入之三：How will you spend your National holiday? I will Im going to.第36頁，共93頁。三. 一般將來時1.結(jié)構(gòu)： 肯定句：主語+ will +do+其他 People will have robots in their homes. 否定句：主語+ will not /wont+do+其他 People will not/wont have robots in their homes. 一般疑問句：Will+主語+do

21、+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主 will 否定回答：No, 主wont. 特殊疑問：疑問詞+will +主+V原+？will/shall+ V原（shall僅第一人稱）.第37頁，共93頁。2.時間狀語（判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）：tomorrow next week the day after tomorrow soon in the future in+一段時間 .第38頁，共93頁。3.一般將來時的幾種構(gòu)成形式 1.will+動詞原形 (I /we shall)2.be going to+動詞原形3.be+to do 表示計劃,責(zé)任,約定或命令4. be about to do sth 表示正要做,馬

22、上要做.(不能與表示將來時間的狀語連用)5.be+v-ing6.一般現(xiàn)在時表將來.第39頁，共93頁。1.will與shallv1)表示一個將來的動作或狀態(tài)，“要,會”She will go to the park tomorrow.2）表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的事。Tom will be 18 next year.Spring will come again.Tomorrow will be Sunday.3) will+v 有時表示說話是臨時決定或打算。 - My car wont start. -Dont worry, I will come and give it a push

23、.第40頁，共93頁。2、be going to表示計劃，安排要做的事表示現(xiàn)在的跡象推斷未來可能發(fā)生某事。- What _are you going_do this evening?- I am going to do my lessons. 看那些烏云要下雨了. Loot at the dark clouds. It _rain. .第41頁，共93頁。3.be to do 表按計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動作表示約定，責(zé)任，命令，或注定要發(fā)生的動作。官方計劃或決定（常見于報紙或廣播）He and I are to meet at the railway station tomorrow.計劃，安排

24、You are not to be back late.責(zé)任，命令I(lǐng)f not watered, the plants are to die.注定要發(fā)生的動作The president is to speak on TV tonight.官方計劃或決定.第42頁，共93頁。4.be about to do 表示正要做,馬上要做. (不能與表示將來的時間的狀語連用) was /were about to do when 正要突然發(fā)生The English Evening Party is about to begin.I was about to go out when it began to

25、rain.第43頁，共93頁。5.be +v-ing go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take off等動詞可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示安排和計劃或即將發(fā)生的動作。Were leaving for Qingdao. .第44頁，共93頁。6.表示與生日,日歷,課時安排或交通時刻表有關(guān)的動作(一種規(guī)律) ，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時態(tài) 常用于轉(zhuǎn)移動詞如：begin, come , leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close The evening class begins at 19:

26、00. The train starts at two.第45頁，共93頁。注:在時間或條件狀語從句中,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時:when, as soon as, before, once, if , unless, even if, in case（以防） If you come this morning, we will have a meeting. When I graduate, I will go to the countryside.第46頁，共93頁。What will you do if it _ tomorrow ? We have to carry it on, si

27、nce weve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is rainingExercises.第47頁，共93頁。2. Sorry, I forgot to post the letter for you. Never mind, _ post it myself tonight. A. Im going to B. I prefer to C. Ill D. Id rather.第48頁，共93頁。3. Write to me when you get home. _. A. I must B. I should C.

28、 I will D. I can.第49頁，共93頁。4. Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions. A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached.第50頁，共93頁。5. If he _ to college, he _ a lot more. A. will go; will learn B. will go; is going to learn C. goes; will learn D. goes; is going to learn

29、.第51頁，共93頁。Can I speak to Jim, please?Just a minute. I _ get him.2.The agreement _ come into force next year.3.Im not feeling well, and I _ go to see a doctor. 4.Next year, he _ be thirty years old.第52頁，共93頁。5.How _ you _ spend your holiday? Ive decided to repaint this room. Oh, have you? What color

30、 _ you _ paint it? The weather is so nice and I am going to sit in the garden. Thats a good idea. I _ join you.第53頁，共93頁。四一般過去將來時(The past future simple Tense)一般將來時:表示從現(xiàn)在的時間看將來將要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài),形式為will/be going to do/shall doHe will become a doctor in seven years.過去將來時:表示從過去的時間看待將來要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài),形式是把will /be go

31、ing to do改為過去式will/shall + do would/should + do am/is/are going to + do was/were going to + doHe told us that he would become a doctor in seven years.第54頁，共93頁。用法和表示過去將來時間狀語連用，多見于從句，特別是賓語從句中（當(dāng)主句是過去時，賓語從句表示將要發(fā)生的事，用過去將來時）1 He said he_ (return)to the hometown the next day.2 We never imagined he_ (be) a

32、 doctor in the future.A: She washed the car, didnt she?B: No, she forgot. But she said she_ (wash)it tomorrow.第55頁，共93頁。 2. 過去將來時常可用來表示過去習(xí)慣性的動作。此時，不管什么人稱，一律用would Whenever he had time，he would do some reading. I would play with him when I was a child. .第56頁，共93頁。 “We are going to have a test next we

33、ek.” The teacher said.The teacher said that we _ (have) a test the next week. Coke will make a trip to the seaside. Coke told us.Coke told us that he _was going to /would_ (make) a trip to the seaside.第57頁，共93頁。Jim決定他們下個月坐飛機(jī)去英國。Jim decided_. 她66歲了。三年后，她是69歲。 She was sixty-six. _.科學(xué)家說沒有人知道一百年之后將會發(fā)生什么

34、事。 Scientists said _.老師問湯姆長大后準(zhǔn)備干什么.The teacher asked Tom _她告訴我們，如果下雨，她就不和我們一起去了。 She told us _.Jim decided they were going to/would fly to Britain the next month.In three years, she was going to/would be 69 years old.Scientists said nobody knew what would happen in one hundred years time.The teacher

35、 asked Tom what was going to/would do when he grew up.She told us if it rained, she wouldnt go with us.第58頁，共93頁。導(dǎo)入之五：What are they doing now? They are having a class.第59頁，共93頁。五. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在（即說話人說話的時刻）正在進(jìn)行的動作或正在發(fā)生的事情，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的標(biāo)志性詞語有now, look, at the moment, listen等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的基本構(gòu)成： 主語+be動詞+現(xiàn)在分詞Eg. They

36、are drawing pictures.第60頁，共93頁。現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則1.一般在動詞詞尾加-ing，如：read-reading 2.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾，去e加-ing，如：write-writing 3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙寫這一字母，再加-ing。Eg：swim-swimming run-running cut-cutting shop-shopping sit-sitting特殊變化：lie-lying平躺，die-dying死亡.第61頁，共93頁?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的句式1.肯定句主語+be+doingEg: I am doing my homework

37、.2.否定句主語+be+not+doingEg: I am not doing my homework.3.一般疑問句be提到句首（注意人稱變化）Eg: Are you doing your homework?.第62頁，共93頁。下面的動詞不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時:1.表示心理情感的動詞: want；mind；wish；recognize；think；know；understand；hate；depend on2.表示存在位置的動詞: remain；stand .第63頁，共93頁。3.表示知覺的動詞： see； hear； notice； smell 4.表示所屬的動詞： have； possess

38、； own； consist of5.暫時性的動詞： accept；allow；decide； promise.第64頁，共93頁。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法1表示說話時正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動作或狀態(tài)They _ (play) football on the playground now. 2.與always，constantly(不斷地；時常地)等連用，表示贊成或厭惡的感情色彩。 You are always _(make) mistakes! .第65頁，共93頁。六 過去進(jìn)行時1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were + doing2. 用法:表示過去某時或某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作或狀態(tài)。常用的時間狀語：at

39、 ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while, at that time.第66頁，共93頁。I first met Lisa three years ago . She _ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked.第67頁，共93頁。3.與always，forever，constantly連用，表示贊成或厭惡的感情色彩。Eg. He _(always think of) othe

40、rs，never thinking of himself.第68頁，共93頁。4.表示位置移動的動詞如come, go, leave, fly, set off等用過去進(jìn)行時表示按計劃，安排過去某時刻將要發(fā)生的動作。例：He said they _ (leave for) Beijing the next day. .第69頁，共93頁。七. 現(xiàn)在完成時(The present Perfect Tense) 1 結(jié)構(gòu): have (has) + done2 概念：表示發(fā)生在過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能剛剛結(jié)束也有可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的動作或狀態(tài)，甚至延續(xù)到將來，并對現(xiàn)在造成一定的影響或結(jié)果。常與sinc

41、e+過去時（間）, for+一段時間連用。表示與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的過去的動作。3 時間狀語：yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+時間點(diǎn)，for+時間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. .第70頁，共93頁。He has lived here since last summer.時間線現(xiàn)在過去lived延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在:has lived last summer since.第71頁，共93頁。1.-When did he go to America? -Oh, he _ t

42、here since half a year ago. A. went B. has been C. has gone D. was2.Shelly _ California for Texas and _ there ever since. You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Mexico. A. left, worked B. has left, had worked C. left, has worked D. has left , worked.第72頁，共93頁。比較一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時 1). 一般過去時只表示發(fā)生在過去的動

43、作或存在的狀態(tài), 不涉及對現(xiàn)在的影響；現(xiàn)在完成時表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 或強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的造成的影響。 My family lived in Zhuhai 10 years ago. （現(xiàn)在不在珠海了) My family have lived in Zhuhai for 10 years. (目前還在珠海) .第73頁，共93頁。2). 過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與不確定的或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語. I _ (study) in Zhongshan university in 2000.I _ (study) in Z

44、hongshan university since 2000. I _ just _ (buy) an apartment. (just表示不確定的時間狀語）.第74頁，共93頁。注意：非延續(xù)性動詞不能與表示延續(xù)時間的狀語(since;for)連用。但其否定形式則可以。1)They have married for ten years. 2) I have received his letter a month ago. 3) I havent received his letter for a month. FFThave been marriedThey got married ten y

45、ears ago. .第75頁，共93頁。我已收到他的信一個月了。 I have received his letter for a month. ( )請改用三個正確的表達(dá)法:1._2._3._ I _(keep) his letter for a month.It is a month since I _(receive) his letter.I _(receive) his letter a month ago.第76頁，共93頁。導(dǎo)入之八You graduated (畢業(yè)) from Junior Middle School in July 2009. You _ there for

46、 3 years when you graduated.第77頁，共93頁。八.過去完成時(The past perfect Tense)結(jié)構(gòu): had + done 概念：表示過去的過去-|-|-|-過去的過去 過去現(xiàn)在將來 .第78頁，共93頁。By the end of last term we had learnt 20 units.現(xiàn)在過去過去的過去the end of last termhad learnt時間線用法(1) 表示過去某一時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或狀態(tài)。句中常用by，before，until，when等詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語。如：.第79頁，共93頁。2.表示過去未曾實

47、現(xiàn)的愿望或打算(“本想”; “本來打算”)。 I had hoped to see more of ShangHai. I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at the moment. I had thought you would come tomorrow. .第80頁，共93頁。3、常用于下列句型中： 1) Hardly /No sooner(過去完成時)when /than（一般過去時）。 2) It /This /That was the time that(從句用過去完成時)。 3) It was +一段時間+since(從句用過

48、去完成時)。.第81頁，共93頁。1.When the police arrived, the thieves _(run away).2.When I came into the classroom, my dear students _ (begin) reading.3.He walked in as if he _ (buy) the school .(12廣東）had run away .第82頁，共93頁。4. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have ho

49、ped C. had hoped D. hoped 5. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come .第83頁，共93頁。導(dǎo)入之九：-How long have you been studying in this school? -Almost two and a half years.第84頁，共93頁。九 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 主語

50、+ has / have + been +doing.表示過去某一時間發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還會繼續(xù)下去的動作（動作未完成），動詞必須用延續(xù)性動詞。1 He (work) here for three years.2 The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities (rise) steadily since 1990. .第85頁，共93頁。 - Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work? - Yes, that why I _to work by train. A. have been

51、 going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone .第86頁，共93頁。現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別 1 現(xiàn)在完成時:表到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成，或過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，也可表示延續(xù)性；2 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時: 往往強(qiáng)調(diào)仍將繼續(xù)下去的動作。I have written a letter. （已完成）I have been writing a letter. （未完成）過去現(xiàn)在時間線have writtenhave been writing.第87頁，共93頁。ExercisesI usually _ up at 6:00, but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30.