2022年湖南鐵道職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年湖南鐵道職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American

2、countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.Which country is the largest coffee producer? A、Brazil. B、Colombia. C、Ethiopia. D、Egypt.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答題依據(jù)在本段的第三句。Producer 與 grower 意思等同。第2題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has perfect relia

3、bility if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】如果一個(gè)員工做工作總是認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴的?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 親自地; B 幾乎不; C 個(gè)別地; D 可靠地第3題【單選題】【2010.04】The spokesman occasionally _ his speech with gestures. A、acknowledges B、accompanies C、attributes D、anticipat

4、es【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞匯?！咀g文】這位發(fā)言人講演中偶爾伴有手勢(shì)。第4題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. _. If someone upset

5、s you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy! A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies. B、If you ale feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. C、However, it will probably still be noticed

6、, and people will know youre not pleased. D、If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可以采用線索詞來(lái)定位?？崭裉幍那昂髢蓚€(gè)句子都是對(duì)arms在具體情況下具體動(dòng)作的描述。那么用以補(bǔ)充的句子也應(yīng)是如此，即選項(xiàng)A開(kāi)朗的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的動(dòng)作，符合條件。第5題【單選題】【2010.04】What her grandfather said left a _ impression on her mind. She

7、 still remembers it. A、final B、vague C、deep D、main【正確答案】C【答案解析】譯文：她爺爺說(shuō)的事情給她留下深刻的印象，她仍然還記得。本題考查詞匯。形容詞意義區(qū)分題。final 最終的，vague 模糊的，deep 深的，main 主要的。第6題【單選題】【概括大意】They always complained（抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents alway

8、s have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The m

9、ain idea of this paragraph is_. A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways. B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. C、There are so many criticism to t

10、heir parents among the young people. D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題段落中的各句列舉了年輕人都抱怨其父母些什么，談的是what are the criticisms?的問(wèn)題因此選擇C。第7題【單選題】【2010.04】Even after decades of _ the two brothers recognized each other immediately. A、separation B、cooperation C

11、、correspondence D、communication【正確答案】A【答案解析】【譯文】盡管已經(jīng)分別了幾十年，這兩兄弟都是立刻認(rèn)出了對(duì)方?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞匯。【詳細(xì)解答】名詞的詞義選取。第8題【單選題】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會(huì)什么時(shí)候召開(kāi)還沒(méi)有決定。詳細(xì)解答：A 什么；B 哪一個(gè)；C 什么時(shí)候；D （無(wú)詞義）。第9題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The violence wi

12、thin a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group

13、 may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In ca

14、ses where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is _. A、to control violence within a society B、to protect the world from chaos C、to free society from the idea of revenge D、to give the government absolute

15、 power【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句話The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law 是本題的答案。第10題【單選題】【2009.01】Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always_paying the bill. A、end up B、arrive at C、drop out D、give off【正確答案】A【答案解析】句意：每當(dāng)我與他外出吃飯，最后總是我付賬。考查短語(yǔ)意義區(qū)分。 A 以而告終；B 達(dá)到，取得；C 不參加，隱退；D 散

16、發(fā)。 第11題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produ

17、ces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because A、it is too small to hav

18、e a gravitational pull of its own. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C、its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題定位詞是not feelpacket of butter，找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of it

19、s own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是B。C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在disappear。第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certainly does, replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill fin

20、ally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. No way, I said. It would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because_. A、it would make him look old. B、it w

21、ould make him nervous. C、it was too expensive. D、it was old-styled.【正確答案】A【答案解析】當(dāng)被妻子問(wèn)及是否愿意得到一個(gè)助聽(tīng)器時(shí)，作者因?yàn)閾?dān)心顯得老氣而拒絕。所以答案是A。第13題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or o

22、ld. It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem f

23、or people _. A、who are very busy everyday B、who are sick in bed C、who are aged and in good health D、who have retired from work【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可采用排除法，第三句話（It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.），可以看出這三類人對(duì)于怎樣度過(guò)空閑時(shí)光是特別困難的，所以可以排除BC

24、D項(xiàng)，選A。第14題【單選題】There is a deadlock(僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives _ to the other. A、a way B、way C、the way D、its way【正確答案】B【答案解析】譯文：由于雙方都不讓步，討論陷人了僵局。本題考查短語(yǔ)搭配，give way to意思為“讓路、讓步”。第15題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas ex

25、plorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because _. A、resources on land are running short in ten years B、man can use it to explore the deeper sea C、it is a lo

26、t of fun diving into the sea D、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive，人類利用技術(shù)可以開(kāi)發(fā)的海洋資源是驚人的。段末說(shuō)到：Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor. 然而，大量有價(jià)值的礦物均還埋藏于海底。

27、如鐵，銅等等。其他三項(xiàng)都沒(méi)有提到。第16題【單選題】【2009.10】Scientists doubt whether its _ to regulate ones biological clock by drinking. A、feasible B、incredible C、fashionable D、valuable【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分?？茖W(xué)家懷疑通過(guò)喝酒來(lái)調(diào)整人體生物鐘是否可行。A 可行的、可能且合理的 B 不可相信的、難以置信的C 時(shí)髦的、時(shí)尚的 D 貴重的、寶貴的第17題【單選題】【2009.01】Modern economics _the country

28、s agricultural policies. A、undergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)政策的基礎(chǔ)?？疾樾谓鼊?dòng)詞詞義。A 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；B 了解；C 成為的基礎(chǔ)；D 承擔(dān)，保證。 第18題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and pe

29、rsonal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。文章講雖然兒童習(xí)得母語(yǔ)的

30、“教師”可能沒(méi)有受過(guò)專門(mén)的語(yǔ)言教學(xué)的訓(xùn)練，但與他的關(guān)系卻是親密的、個(gè)人化的。但是作者并沒(méi)有提到在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中，教師與學(xué)生密切的個(gè)人關(guān)系比教師接受專門(mén)的語(yǔ)言教學(xué)訓(xùn)練更重要。第19題【單選題】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。句意為：鄉(xiāng)村生活好過(guò)城市生活，因?yàn)樗諝庑迈r且環(huán)境無(wú)噪音。in that 是復(fù)合連接詞，只在一定的句式

31、中使用。也可以用作一個(gè)固定詞組。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 關(guān)于，至于，舉例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature. 我更喜歡鄉(xiāng)村，因?yàn)樗咏匀弧５?0題【單選題】【2009.01】Modern economics _the countrys agricultural policies. A、undergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)政策的基礎(chǔ)。考查形近動(dòng)詞詞義。A 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；B 了解；

32、C 成為的基礎(chǔ)；D 承擔(dān)，保證。 第21題【單選題】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】他保證在辦公室里的所有機(jī)密數(shù)據(jù)處于安全狀態(tài)?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 使確信，使有信心；B 確保（某事）發(fā)生，擔(dān)保；C 為投保，給保險(xiǎn)；D 安全的，沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)的第22題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We

33、 must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following peri

34、ods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the following pairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm? A、Studying a science book and the

35、n studying a psychology book B、Learning a poem and then taking a nap C、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimming D、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正確答案】B【答案解析】段落的結(jié)尾處講到：在腦力活動(dòng)方面，我們也同樣是有節(jié)奏的，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)诟叨燃芯σ欢螘r(shí)間以后，必須讓腦子有一個(gè)松弛的階段(“we must have periods of relaxation following

36、 periods of concentration”)。根據(jù)這個(gè)信息，A、D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容都是高度集中的腦力活動(dòng)，與原文內(nèi)容恰好相反；B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是學(xué)習(xí)詩(shī)歌與小睡一會(huì)，正好符合原文，一張一弛。而C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容又全是不費(fèi)腦力的活動(dòng)，也不符合原文。第23題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school: _. For example, when there i

37、s heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北極熊）, and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program. A、Some paren

38、ts prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values. B、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions. C、Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests i

39、n reading and math. D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正確答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers與其他孩子學(xué)習(xí)的不同點(diǎn)，因此選B。第24題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is

40、like an art, which everybody including scientists loves. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。這段提到了technology是一種美的享受，但是沒(méi)有說(shuō)它是一種藝術(shù)，更沒(méi)有說(shuō)我們每個(gè)人都熱愛(ài)這門(mén)藝術(shù)。第25題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to t

41、he child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板) and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鴉) and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and

42、get on with others.We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity_. A、when he is two. B、when he is around four. C、when he is six. D、when he is eight.【正確答案】B【答案解析】根據(jù)In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第26題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Norwich, the capital o

43、f the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。答題依據(jù)在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁邊的一個(gè)小村莊，就說(shuō)明了River Wensum流經(jīng) Norwich。第

44、27題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone（天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle（長(zhǎng)柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk（主體

45、）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade（玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to look

46、 for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass? A、In 1492. B、In the thirteen century A.D. C、In A.D. 80. D、At least 2000 years ago.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段中Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告訴我們中國(guó)

47、發(fā)明指南針的時(shí)間。第28題【單選題】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of enviro

48、nment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Main Res

49、ults of Recent Researches B、Popular Doubt about the New View C、Effect of Environment on Intelligence D、Impact on School Education【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一個(gè)新的對(duì)智力的認(rèn)識(shí)，與過(guò)去一些年的傳統(tǒng)的把智力看做是一種不變的能力的這種理解不同，它主張智力和人的成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境有關(guān)。因此選擇C。第29題【單選題】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in offic

50、e. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】他保證在辦公室里的所有機(jī)密數(shù)據(jù)處于安全狀態(tài)。【詳細(xì)解答】A 使確信，使有信心；B 確保（某事）發(fā)生，擔(dān)保；C 為投保，給保險(xiǎn)；D 安全的，沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)的第30題【單選題】【2010.04】There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have it _. A、repair B、to repair C、repairing D、repaired【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】我的手機(jī)有毛病了，我一定要修好它（

51、手機(jī)）?！驹囶}分析】語(yǔ)法題?！驹敿?xì)解答】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。選擇過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)以及動(dòng)作的完成。第31題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Every year, in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving

52、 Day. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。感恩節(jié)這天火雞通常是必不可少的。因此本題是正確的。第32題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves. A、True B、False C、Not G

53、iven【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。這段提到了technology是一種美的享受，但是沒(méi)有說(shuō)它是一種藝術(shù)，更沒(méi)有說(shuō)我們每個(gè)人都熱愛(ài)這門(mén)藝術(shù)。第33題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. _ by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure o

54、ut in advance what will happen. A、The stock market had its worst losses ever B、Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat C、So experts are regularly asked to predict accurately D、The article was written in 1958【正確答案】C【答案解析】第一句說(shuō)的是：預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)很重要，不能像中學(xué)

55、生那樣猜測(cè)。這一空的關(guān)鍵詞是experts，他們不同于中學(xué)生，他們的預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該是較為準(zhǔn)確的。第34題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. _. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption（爆發(fā)）of ancient volcanoes（火山）Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose fr

56、om the ocean. A、They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? C、Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America. D、But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正確答

57、案】C【答案解析】第一句話說(shuō)的是：加勒比群島形成了一個(gè)鎖鏈，把加勒比海與大西洋的其他部分分開(kāi)。答案是C，因?yàn)樗牡谝粋€(gè)詞是They，該詞指The Caribbean Islands；而且在語(yǔ)義上也有很好的銜接。第35題【單選題】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges（正電荷） build at the cloud top, wh

58、ile the bottom becomes negatively charged（負(fù)電荷的）. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated p

59、oints.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface_. A、is positively charged B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is negative charged D、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解釋了云層與地面之間的閃電的成因，云層下部帶負(fù)電荷，排斥地面表層的負(fù)電荷，所以地面表層聚集的是正電荷。答案為A。第36題【單選題】【2009.04

60、】She _ everything else and concentrated on the task before her. A、set off B、set back C、set aside D、set up【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)意義辨析。譯文：她把其他事情都放到一邊，集中精力于她面前的任務(wù)。詳細(xì)解答：A 出發(fā)、動(dòng)身；B 把（某物）置于之后、延遲；C 撇開(kāi)、取消、廢除；D 建立、提出。第37題【單選題】【2010.04】The student _ described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A、