2022年西北工業(yè)大學(xué)明德學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年西北工業(yè)大學(xué)明德學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age.Q: Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nob

2、el Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。Fermi在1938年獲諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，四年以后才建立核連鎖反應(yīng)的。第2題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過(guò)去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)

3、士營(yíng)養(yǎng)很好，他們就會(huì)很快痊愈。A 營(yíng)養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿(mǎn)，塞滿(mǎn)； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險(xiǎn)第3題【單選題】The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its _ considerably. A、distribution B、contribution C、prescription D、circulation【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】如若不能相當(dāng)大地增加報(bào)紙的發(fā)行量，這家報(bào)社就將不得不關(guān)閉了。【試題分析】詞義選擇題。 【詳細(xì)解答】A 分配，分發(fā) B 貢獻(xiàn)，投稿C 處方，藥方 D （報(bào)刊等的）發(fā)行量、銷(xiāo)售量第4題【單

4、選題】【2009.10】So far scientists have only acquired _ understanding of the physical processes that cause earthquakes. A、a partial B、a changeable C、an original D、an individual【正確答案】A第5題【單選題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to su

5、ccess when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Importance of learning from failure B、Never a successful man gives up C、

6、It is important to fail for a successful man D、EdisonS comment on failure【正確答案】D【答案解析】通過(guò)應(yīng)用部分可以看出這段文字的主題是愛(ài)迪生對(duì)失敗的評(píng)論。因此選擇D。第6題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze（分析） the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 10

7、0 years. With the aid of an architect（建筑師）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations.“Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom,” says the teacher who developed this program. “They are able to use their o

8、wn rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame，because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps

9、back and becomes an adviser.”An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom _. A、to find out kids creative ideas B、to discuss with the teacher C、to give children lectures D、to help kids with their program【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據(jù)本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week，they in

10、vent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案為D。句中的 aid 意為“幫助”，與 help 同義。第7題【單選題】【2009.10】Scientists doubt whether its _ to regulate ones biological clock by drinking. A、feasible B、incredible C、fashionable D、valuable【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分。科學(xué)家懷疑通過(guò)喝酒來(lái)調(diào)整人體生物鐘是否可行。A 可行的、可能且

11、合理的 B 不可相信的、難以置信的C 時(shí)髦的、時(shí)尚的 D 貴重的、寶貴的第8題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide.Q: The people

12、 of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。該題目說(shuō)的是：Kiribati的人民擔(dān)心他們的國(guó)家將被突發(fā)的洪水淹沒(méi)。該題源于第一句：Kiribati的國(guó)民擔(dān)心在近期的某一天，他們的國(guó)家將會(huì)地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。第9題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a heari

13、ng aid. He certainly does, replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. No way, I said. It would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!Initia

14、lly the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because_. A、it would make him look old. B、it would make him nervous. C、it was too expensive. D、it was old-styled.【正確答案】A【答案解析】當(dāng)被妻子問(wèn)及是否愿意得到一個(gè)助聽(tīng)器時(shí)，作者因?yàn)閾?dān)心顯得老氣而拒絕。所以答案是A。第10題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaura

15、nt where they were going to have lunch after her appointment. She called to see if he was there. She said, “My husband has Alzheimers（老年癡呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me.” Numerous thoughts ran through my head. Call the police, call her family, and notify（通知）the doctors office she had just co

16、me from! But at first, I offered to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.The elderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to _. A、her husband with Alzheimers B、the nurse in the doctors office C、a local restaurant D、one of her family members【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。根

17、據(jù)文章本段中She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant可知答案為C項(xiàng)。Helen由于擔(dān)心自己丈夫安危，但又找不到人，情急之下先打電話(huà)到倆人約好即將要去的餐廳詢(xún)問(wèn)情況。第11題【單選題】【2009.01】He insured his car_he had an accident. A、unless B、if C、since D、in case【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查連詞詞義區(qū)分。句意：他給自己的汽車(chē)投了保，以防萬(wàn)一遇到交通事故。A否則，要不然；B 如果；C 自從，由于；D 以防萬(wàn)一，以

18、免。 第12題【單選題】【2007.04】It is difficult to _ the implication between the lines. A、get to B、get with C、get at D、get down【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞組辨析。A. 開(kāi)始，接觸； C. 找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)； D. 下來(lái)，寫(xiě)下來(lái)。 第13題【單選題】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會(huì)什么

19、時(shí)候召開(kāi)還沒(méi)有決定。詳細(xì)解答：A 什么；B 哪一個(gè)；C 什么時(shí)候；D （無(wú)詞義）。第14題【單選題】The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia, _ it is not technically legal there. A、if B、otherwise C、although D、unless【正確答案】C【答案解析】本句的意思是“雖然荷蘭是歐洲唯一允許安樂(lè)死的國(guó)家，但是安樂(lè)死在荷蘭嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái)并不合法”，所以應(yīng)該填although。第15題【單選題】【2009.01】You should help t

20、hem_when your friends quarrel with each other. A、come into sight B、come to terms C、come into play D、come to power【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法。句意：當(dāng)你的朋友吵架時(shí)，你應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助他們協(xié)調(diào)一下。come into 或 come to 都表示進(jìn)入（某種狀態(tài)）。A 映入眼簾；B. 達(dá)成協(xié)議，妥協(xié)；C 開(kāi)始運(yùn)作；D. 上臺(tái)，開(kāi)始掌權(quán)。 第16題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they

21、never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned(拋棄) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was dese

22、rted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they developed accurate system measuring time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正確答案】C【答案解析】對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)為What is ever more surpri

23、sing is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是對(duì)原文語(yǔ)意進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)化，最高級(jí)代替了比較級(jí)。第17題【單選題】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not.

24、 On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately towar

25、d others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is_. A、Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. C、The way of behaving tha

26、t differs from country to country. D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正確答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句話(huà)是對(duì)前面的一個(gè)總結(jié)，道出了本段的主題。因此選擇C。第18題【單選題】【2008.10】Johnson was _ unknown before running for the presidency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually

27、【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查（形近的）副詞詞義區(qū)分。譯文：事實(shí)上，約翰遜在參選總統(tǒng)職位之前是個(gè)無(wú)名人士。A 顯然，明顯地 B 外表上，直觀地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上第19題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to sca

28、n a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答案解析】這部分所說(shuō)的體積的減小和所需時(shí)間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時(shí)間形成了對(duì)比。即：目前它大約像冰箱

29、那么大，而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個(gè)電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺(tái)式計(jì)算機(jī)那么大，把掃描時(shí)間縮短到30秒。第20題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket（板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題

30、對(duì)應(yīng)的語(yǔ)句為：the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket，因此是正確的。第21題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important cro

31、p in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.Which country is the largest coffee producer? A、Brazil. B、Colombia. C、Ethiopia. D、Egypt.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答題依據(jù)在本段的第三句。Producer 與 grower 意思等同。第22題【單

32、選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢(shì)、優(yōu)點(diǎn)；C 選擇、取舍；D 野心、抱負(fù)。第23題【單選題】【2010.04】We have greatly _ the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion. A、stimulated

33、B、perceived C、obscured D、simplified【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 按照主席的提議我們已經(jīng)大大地簡(jiǎn)化了步驟。【試題分析】本題考查詞義辨析?！驹敿?xì)解答】 動(dòng)詞的詞義選取。第24題【單選題】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the

34、surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others

35、 and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is_. A、Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. C、The way of behaving that differ

36、s from country to country. D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正確答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句話(huà)是對(duì)前面的一個(gè)總結(jié)，道出了本段的主題。因此選擇C。第25題【單選題】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one

37、respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent i

38、n the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph is _. A、Impact on School Education B、A Changed View of Intelligence C、Main Results of Recent Researches D、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題使用了同義詞替換的選擇技巧，

39、段落中主要講述的是智力本質(zhì)的現(xiàn)代簡(jiǎn)潔必定會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)校教育產(chǎn)生影響（bound to have some effect on our school system.），選項(xiàng)A中只是將名詞effect 換為impact。第26題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 perce

40、nt of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the sound solution is now convenient. Almost 90 perc

41、ent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off（下降）, can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss wi

42、th a small hearing amplifier（放大器）.According to the passage, hearing loss is_. A、only a minor health problem. B、the worlds most common health problem. C、merely a teenage disease. D、an incurable disease.【正確答案】B【答案解析】hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem這句話(huà)可以幫助我們找到答案。第27題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】L

43、ate one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the sum

44、mer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school t

45、o clean and iron for money which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired the world because _. A、she had managed to save so much money B、she gave her money to African Americans C、she gave her life savings to help others through university D、she only spent money on cheap things【正確答案】C【答案解析

46、】答案選C。only是絕對(duì)詞，在選項(xiàng)D中出現(xiàn)，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)排除D；對(duì)照原文第一自然段最后一句話(huà)there was something quite exceptional about this woman說(shuō)她有些特別的地方，接著第二自然段就講In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分積攢的錢(qián)捐獻(xiàn)給了家鄉(xiāng)的大學(xué)，A和B表達(dá)都

47、不全面，答案是C。第28題【單選題】【2009.10】As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on _ rather than punishment. A、criticism B、intimidation C、persuasion D、scolding【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分。【譯文】 關(guān)于家庭教育，鼓勵(lì)父母?jìng)円揽空f(shuō)服而不是懲罰孩子。 A 批評(píng)、指責(zé) B 恐嚇、威脅 C 說(shuō)服、勸服 D 責(zé)罵、斥責(zé)第29題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive se

48、nse of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for unde

49、rgraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正確答案】C【答案解析】這一段是劍橋大學(xué)的Albert Galy的原話(huà)，我們可以從引導(dǎo)整個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)得出答案。即：“地學(xué)化學(xué)家們只想通過(guò)直覺(jué)判斷元素的活動(dòng)。我想等高線(xiàn)對(duì)學(xué)生們有好處”。第30題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity.

50、 For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no difference.You are advised to read something before you _. A、find the topic sentences B、find out the new words C、keep reading fast D、go

51、to bed every day【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段提到一位著名的醫(yī)生不管晚上睡得多晚，都要花15分鐘讀點(diǎn)東西，那已經(jīng)成為習(xí)慣。所以本題說(shuō)“在你干什么之前，建議你讀點(diǎn)東西”，從選項(xiàng)中看只有 D 項(xiàng)合適。第31題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題?！咀g文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記住：不要以貌取人。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第32題

52、【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. _ Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming. A、These are newer an

53、d better models, B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming. C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正確答案】A【答案解析】這個(gè)問(wèn)題可以根據(jù)引號(hào)來(lái)作答，因?yàn)榭崭窈竺嬗小皊ays”這個(gè)詞，它預(yù)

54、示著所填入的句子應(yīng)該是帶引號(hào)的。A的意思是：這些是比較新的也是比較好的模型。第33題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about and thats exactly what we did this past week. We helped get a hydroponics farm started in a local village. This farm will be a model for the local villagers so they can start the

55、ir very own self sustaining farm. Hydroponics is a type of farming that uses a third of the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil. A hydroponics farm _. A、is difficult to build B、is a type of farm without soil C、will cost lots of money D、was started in the village before they came【正確答案】B【

56、答案解析】答案選B。詞義理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞hydroponics farm迅速鎖定本段。再通過(guò)排除法可以判定B項(xiàng)是正確的。因?yàn)锳和C表述的內(nèi)容文章并沒(méi)有提到過(guò)。D項(xiàng)表述是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)村莊在他們?nèi)ブ安](méi)有這種hydroponics farm。是他們到了之后，幫忙建立了一個(gè)模型。第34題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small vi

57、llage beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。答題依據(jù)在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁邊的一個(gè)小村莊，就說(shuō)明了River Wensum流經(jīng) Norwich。第35題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone（天然磁石）would

58、be cut into the shape of a ladle（長(zhǎng)柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk（主體）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Othe

59、r ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade（玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass? A、I

60、n 1492. B、In the thirteen century A.D. C、In A.D. 80. D、At least 2000 years ago.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段中Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告訴我們中國(guó)發(fā)明指南針的時(shí)間。第36題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on,