高中冠詞知識點講解

1、高中英語語法復習 （二） 冠 詞 冠詞是一種虛詞，放在名詞的前面，幫助說明名詞的含義。冠詞分不定冠詞（The Indefinite Article）和定冠詞（The definite Article）兩種。a (an) 是不定冠詞，the是定冠詞。Unit 2 冠 詞 （Articles）（一）. 不定冠詞的用法 1. 用在可數(shù)名詞前表示 “一個” 相當于“one”。. There is a book on the desk. Ill return in a day or two.2.a+姓名：表示“某一個/一位叫.的人” A Mr. White is waiting for you down

2、stairs.3. a/an+名詞：表示 “一類人或事物種類” A horse is a useful animal.4. 表示 “每一” 相當于“per”. The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. The envelopes are one yuan and twenty fen a dozen.5. 用在某些固定詞組中. a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a

3、 good time, for a while, for a long time. 6. 用在抽象名詞前，表具體的介紹:a + 抽象名 詞，起具體化的作用。如： It is a pleasure to talk with you. It is an honour to me to attend the meeting.7. a/an+物質(zhì)名詞:表示“一種，一場、一份、一杯” What a heavy rain! What a good supper! Please give me a black coffee!8. “a” 用在輔音音素開頭前, “an” 用在元音音素開頭前. a useful

4、 book, a European country, a one-year-old child, an hour, an honest boy, an 800-metre-long bridge, There is an “s” in the word “smile”. f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x,9. a +序數(shù)詞+名詞：再一/又一.The cake tastes good, I want a third one.10.amost表示“很”，“非常”。It is a most(very)important meeting.這是一次非常重要的會議。11. a/an+knowl

5、edge，collection，understanding.+ofa larger collection of books大量收集的藏書have a good knowledge of history 熟悉歷史12不定冠詞形容詞的比較級單數(shù)名詞：表示“更的一個”He went to the USA in search of a better life.為了尋找更美好的生活他去了美國。13.；“不定冠詞形容詞的最高級+名詞單數(shù)”：表示一個非常.的.。Xihu is a most beautiful city.13.不定冠詞a(n)用于有形容詞修飾的一日三餐前。The walk is expect

6、ed to last all day，so bring a packed lunch.這段路程預計要走一整天，所以帶一份盒裝午飯。14.a/an+抽象名詞：表示一個。的人或事物。a success一個成功的人、一件成功的事a failure一個失敗者、一件失敗的事不定冠詞 基本用法口訣：a與an兩種體，不重數(shù)量相當“一” 可數(shù)名詞首次提，有時還可表“每一” 固定搭配不能忘，加上高級要注意(二). 定冠詞的用法 1. 表示文中再次提到的人或物. There is a book on the desk. The book is an English book.2. 表示特指的人或物(即:談話時彼此

7、都知道的人或物). Look at the blackboard. Open the door, please.3. 用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示一類人或事物。 The horse is a useful animal. =Horses are useful animals. =A horse is a useful animal.4. 表示世界上獨一無二的東西 the sun, the earth, the capital, the sky, the universebut: in nature, in space, 5. 用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國家、黨派等專有名詞前以及江、河、湖、海、山川、群島的

8、名詞前。 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the Changjiang River, the Urul Mountains, the Philippines, the Pacific6. 用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級前。 the second story, the largest room7. 用在方位名詞前或某些表示時間的詞組或習慣語中。 on the left, in the east / west, in the morning, on the other hand, in the end8. 用在形容詞或分詞前表示一類人。

9、the poor / rich / old / young / living / wounded9. 在姓氏復數(shù)形式前，表示全家人或夫婦二人。 The Smiths are sitting at the breakfast table.10. 彈奏樂器時，樂器名詞前 Do you like to play the piano or the violin? ( play erhu )11. 在表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前加定冠詞 The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago.12.用在世紀年代前 In the 1870s, when

10、 Marx was already in his fifties, 13. 在表示階級、階層的詞前 the ruling class, the working people 14. 用在一些習慣用語中。如： in the morning (afternoon, evening), by the way, in the water/field/light/shade/distance/middle/country/raintell the truth/on the other hand/on the way home15. 定冠詞使用特殊的場合。 He hit him in the face.

11、beat sb. on/in the 身體部位, take sb. by the arm, pat sb. on the head the elder of the two, the more beautiful of the two:比較級中表特指 The sooner, the better.越早越好 He got paid by the hour.按小時計算薪水 bythe|+單位的名詞:by the yard/the dozen/the month/the year 但：by weight按重量計算除外巧計定冠詞the用法歌訣： 特指雙方熟悉，上文已經(jīng)提起。 世上獨一無二，方位名詞樂器

12、。（三）不用冠詞的情況 1. 專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前 China , America, Smith, Air is matter. Failure is the mother of success. 注意：man意為“人類”，word意為“消息”時，其前不用冠詞Air is to man what water is to fish.人離不開空氣就像魚離不開水。2. 可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格限制時 This book is mine.3. 季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、一日三餐名稱前 spring, summer, autumn / fall, w

13、inter, Sunday, October, National Day but: in the spring of that year, I met him on a Monday last month.4. 稱呼語，表示頭銜的名詞作賓語補足語及同位語時 Whats this, Mother? He was made monitor.5. 學科名詞，球類、棋類名詞前 Do you study mathematics? He likes playing football / chess.6. 泛指復數(shù)名詞前 Computers are widely used in our daily life

14、. They are workers.7. 在與by連用的交通工具名稱前 by car, by bus, by train8. 某些固定詞組中 (1). 名詞詞組 husband and wife, brother and sister, day and night, knife and fork (2). 介詞詞組 to / at / from school, in class, in prison, to / at / from work in front of / in the front of at table / at the table out of question / out

15、of the question in charge of / in the charge of in possession of / in the possession of by sea / by the sea9. as引導的讓步狀語從句：“零冠詞單數(shù)名詞as/though主語謂語，主句”：“雖然/盡管，但是”。 Child as she is, she knows a lot of French. 10. 系動詞turn（作“變成”解）后作表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前習慣不用冠詞。 The young girl has turned writer. = The young girl has be

16、come a writer.11. 在單數(shù)名詞 + after + 同一單數(shù)名詞（表示“一個接一個”）結(jié)構(gòu)中，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。 She did experiment after experiment. shop after shop, mistake after mistake12. no與such連用時應(yīng)放在such之前，such后面的名詞不用冠詞。No such thing has ever happened in this village.零冠詞的用法月份/星期/節(jié)日/一日三餐前， 專有名詞、學科名詞、球類運動， 職位官階獨立主格。四） 練習The sign reads “ in case of _ fire, break the glass and push _ red button.A. x; a B. x; the C. the; the D. a; a冠詞的位置1、how/that(那么)/so/as +adj + a/an+ n;2、qui