H3C路由器配置和應(yīng)用課件

1、H3C路由器配置和應(yīng)用路由器的功能、結(jié)構(gòu)和接口路由器的基本配置常見廣域網(wǎng)協(xié)議課程目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)完本課程，您應(yīng)該能夠：路由器的功能、結(jié)構(gòu)和接口路由器的基本配置常見廣域網(wǎng)協(xié)議目錄路由器工作流程IPETHPPP以太網(wǎng)口串口IPPPPETH串口以太網(wǎng)口協(xié)議封裝路由選擇協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換路由器路由器傳送拆包接收發(fā)送工作過程路由器的結(jié)構(gòu)硬件組成CPU(處理器）RAM(存儲系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行時的程序和與CPU的通信數(shù)據(jù) )FLASH或CF（存放OS的映像和路由器的配置文件）Boot ROM （存放啟動時的引導(dǎo)程序文件 ）接口（完成路由器與其它設(shè)備的數(shù)據(jù)交換） 軟件結(jié)構(gòu)BOOT ROM軟件：主要功能是路由器加電后完成有關(guān)初始化工作，并

2、向內(nèi)存中加入操作系統(tǒng)代碼COMWARE：H3C路由器上運(yùn)行的軟件平臺Comware v5平臺結(jié)構(gòu)VPN子系統(tǒng)MPLS子系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口子系統(tǒng)IPv6支持QoS增強(qiáng)IP棧子系統(tǒng) 安全子系統(tǒng)QoS子系統(tǒng)路由子系統(tǒng)服務(wù)控制平面數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)平面配置管理子系統(tǒng)系 統(tǒng) 服 務(wù) 平 臺通用控制平面系統(tǒng)管理平面設(shè)備管理子系統(tǒng)信息管理子系統(tǒng)MPLS增強(qiáng)路由器的功能、結(jié)構(gòu)和接口路由器的基本配置常見廣域網(wǎng)協(xié)議目錄MSR 30-20配置（CONSOLE ）口位于上方備份（AUX ）口位于下方配置路由器通過console口配置通過撥號遠(yuǎn)程配置通過telnet方式配置通過啞終端方式配置通過FTP方式傳送配置文件通過console

3、口配置建立本地配置環(huán)境R232 串口 配置（Console）電纜創(chuàng)建超級終端（II）選擇串口（III）端口設(shè)置（IV）通過撥號線路配置路由器將路由器和PC分別與modem連接 備份（AUX）電纜modemmodemPSTN/ISDN通過Telnet配置本地路由器H3C-Ethernet0/0ip address 00 24 缺省的telnet登錄用戶名：admin 口令：admin服務(wù)器PC工作站工作站1000Base-T 網(wǎng)口通過啞終端配置H3C-Serial1/0physical-mode async同/異步串口通過FTP配置在路由器上啟動FTP服務(wù)器在終端上啟動FTP客戶端程序FTP s

4、erverFTP clientEthernet命令行概述用戶視圖系統(tǒng)視圖 RIP視圖OSPF視圖BGP視圖以太網(wǎng)接口視圖同步串口視圖Dialer接口視圖進(jìn)入路由器配置界面 User interface Con 0 is available. Press ENTER to get started. console用戶視圖常用命令? cdChange current directory debugging Enable system debugging functions delete Delete a file displayDisplay current system informationp

5、ingSend echo messagessaveSave current configuration resetReset operationreboot Reboot system系統(tǒng)視圖常用命令system-viewH3C?aclSpecify acl configuration information arpAdd static ARP entry bgpSpecify BGP(Border Gateway Protocol) configuration informationfirewallSpecify firewall configuration information ipse

6、cSpecify IPSec(IP Security) configuration information local-userSpecify local user configuration information pppSpecify PPP(the Point-to-Point Protocol)接口視圖命令H3C interface Ethernet3/2/0 H3C-interface Ethernet3/2/0 ？ baudrateSet transmit and receive baudrate async Asynchronous line configuration comm

7、and ipSpecify IP configuration information shutdownShut down the specified interface physical-mode Set synchronous or asynchronous mode on serial interfacedialer Specify DCC(Dial-Control-Center) configuration information quit Exit from current command view loopbackSet loopback on an interface在線幫助H3C

8、 display ?aclAcl status and configuration information arp Display ARP entryaspf ASPF status and configuration information auto-config Specify auto configuration information bgp BGP status and configuration informationcurrent-configurationCurrent configurationdebuggingCurrent setting of debugging swi

9、tches dhcp DHCP configuration subcommands diagnostic-information System Information for Diagnosis 命令行錯誤信息 H3Cdispaly ? % Unrecognized command found at position. H3Cdisplay % Incomplete command found at position. H3Cdisplay interface Ethernet3/2/1 0 % Too many parameters found at position.歷史命令display

10、 history-command補(bǔ)全命令使用Tab鍵查看歷史記錄使用 鍵使用Ctrl P快捷鍵歷史命令編輯特性普通按鍵 輸入字符到當(dāng)前光標(biāo)位置退格鍵BackSpace 刪除光標(biāo)位置的前一個字符刪除鍵Delete 刪除光標(biāo)位置字符左光標(biāo)鍵 光標(biāo)向左移動一個字符位置右光標(biāo)鍵 光標(biāo)向右移動一個字符位置上下光標(biāo)鍵 顯示歷史命令Language中英文顯示方式切換暫停顯示時鍵入Ctrl+c 停止顯示和命令執(zhí)行暫停顯示時鍵入空格鍵繼續(xù)顯示下一屏信息暫停顯示時鍵入回車鍵繼續(xù)顯示下一行信息顯示特性狀態(tài)查看命令display versiondisplay current-configurationdisplay

11、interfacedisplay ip route 基本操作命令display versionH3Cdisplay version H3C Comware Platform SoftwareComware Software, Version 5.20, Release 1618, StandardCopyright (c) 2004-2008 Hangzhou H3C Tech. Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.H3C MSR20-21 uptime is 0 week, 0 day, 0 hour, 1 minuteLast reboot 2008/05/26 1

12、1:37:35System returned to ROM By Command.CPU type: FREESCALE PowerPC 8248 400MHz256M bytes SDRAM Memory4M bytes Flash MemoryPcb Version: 3.0Logic Version: 3.0Basic BootROM Version: 2.11Extended BootROM Version: 2.12SLOT 0CON (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0AUX (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0,

13、(Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/0 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/1 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/2 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/3 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/4 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/5 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0,

14、(Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/6 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/7 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/8 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 0ETH0/9 (Hardware)3.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)3.0SLOT 1SIC-1SAE (Hardware)2.0, (Driver)1.0, (Cpld)1.0SLOT 2SIC-EPRI (Hardware)1.0, (Driver)1

15、.0, (Cpld)2.0 display current-configurationH3Cdisplay current-configuration# version 5.20, Release 1618, Standard# sysname H3C# domain default enable system#vlan 1#domain system access-limit disable state active idle-cut disable self-service-url disable#local-user admin password cipher .USE=B,53Q=QM

16、AF41! service-type telnet level 3#controller E1 2/0#display interface顯示接口信息H3Cdisplay interface Ethernet3/2/0Serial0/0 current state :UPLine protocol current state :UPDescription : Serial1/0 InterfaceThe Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500, Hold timer is 10(sec)Internet protocol processing : disabledInter

17、net Address is /8 Link layer protocol is PPPLCP initialOutput queue : (Urgent queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/50/0Output queue : (Protocol queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/500/0Output queue : (FIFO queuing : Size/Length/Discards) 0/75/0Physical layer is synchronous, Virtual Baudrate is 64000 bpsInter

18、face has no cable, Clock mode is DTECLK1 Last 300 seconds input rate 0.00 bytes/sec, 0.00 packets/sec Last 300 seconds output rate 0.00 bytes/sec, 0.00 packets/sec Input: 0 packets, 0 bytes 0 broadcasts, 0 multicasts 0 errors, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 CRC, 0 align errors, 0 overruns 0 dribbles, 0 aborts,

19、 0 no buffers 0 frame errors Output:0 packets, 0 bytes 0 errors, 0 underruns, 0 collisions 0 deferred DCD=UP DTR=UP DSR=UP RTS=UP CTS=UP H3C interface Ethernet3/2/1H3C-Ethernet3/2/1 undo shutdown開啟或關(guān)閉端口開啟已經(jīng)關(guān)閉的端口H3C interface Ethernet3/2/1H3C-Ethernet3/2/1 shutdown人工關(guān)閉端口解讀端口狀態(tài)H3Cdisplay interface Eth

20、ernet3/2/1Link layer protocol is PPP LCP initialphysical layer is synchronous, Virtualbaudrate is 64000 bpsInterface has no cable, Clock mode is DTECLK1line protocol current state: downEthernet3/2/1 current state: down,物理層組件的狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層的狀態(tài)display ip routing-tableH3Cdis ip routing-table 查看路由表Routing Tabl

21、es: PublicDestinations : 12 Routes : 12Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface/0 Static 60 0 Serial1/0/8 RIP 100 3 Serial1/0/8 OSPF 10 50 Ethernet0/0/8 RIP 100 4 Serial1/0/8 Static 60 0 Serial1/0/8 Direct 0 0 Ethernet0/0/32 Direct 0 0 InLoop0 . H3Cping PING : 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to

22、 break Reply from : bytes=56 Sequence=0 ttl=255 time = 31 ms Reply from : bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time = 31 ms Reply from : bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time = 32 ms Reply from : bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time = 31 ms Reply from : bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time = 31 ms - ping statistics - 5 p

23、ackets transmitted 5 packets received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 msping:網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通測試命令tracert:網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通測試命令 H3C tracert 86 traceroute to 86(86) 30 hops max, 40 bytes packet, press CTRL_C to break 1 29 ms 22 ms 21 ms 2 86 38 ms 24 ms 24 ms路由器的功能、結(jié)構(gòu)和接口路由器的基本配置常見廣域網(wǎng)協(xié)議常見配置命令目錄廣域網(wǎng) V.24 ,V.3

24、5, X.21BisEIA/TIA-232/449LAPB,Frame Relay,HDLC,PPP,SDLC網(wǎng)絡(luò)層X.25物理層數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層路由器 A廣域網(wǎng)的下三層網(wǎng)絡(luò)層物理層數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層路由器 B廣域網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層專用點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)HDLC,PPP分組交換X.25,幀中繼電路交換PSTN:PPPISDN B信道:PPPISDN D信道:LAPD高級數(shù)據(jù)鏈路控制HDLC 面向比特 透明傳輸零比特填充法 運(yùn)行于同步串行線路地址標(biāo)志控制信息幀校驗(yàn)標(biāo)志HDLC協(xié)議的配置在接口上封裝HDLC協(xié)議H3C-Ethernet3/2/1 link-protocol hdlc打開HDLC所有報文調(diào)試信息開關(guān) debugg

25、ing hdlc all 打開HDLC事件調(diào)試信息開關(guān) debugging hdlc event interface type number PPP配置命令封裝PPPH3C-Ethernet3/2/1link-protocol ppp設(shè)置驗(yàn)證類型H3C-Ethernet3/2/1 ppp authentication-mode pap|chap 設(shè)置用戶名、口令、服務(wù)類型H3Clocal-user usernameH3C-luser-huaweipassword simple passwordH3C-luser-huaweiservice-type pppPAP配置命令驗(yàn)證方配置配置驗(yàn)證方式H

26、3C-Ethernet3/2/1 ppp authentication-mode pap配置用戶列表H3Clocal-user user-cH3C-luser-user-cpassword simple pass-cH3C-luser-user-cservice-type ppp被驗(yàn)證方配置配置PAP用戶名H3C-Ethernet3/2/1 ppp pap local-user user-c password simple pass-cCHAP配置命令主驗(yàn)證方配置：配置本地驗(yàn)證對端（方式為CHAP） H3C-Ethernet3/2/1ppp authentication-mode chap配置

27、本地名稱 H3C-Ethernet3/2/1ppp chap user user-s將對端用戶名和密碼加入本地用戶列表H3Clocal-user user-cH3C-luser-user-cpassword simple sharepassH3C-luser-user-cservice-type ppp被驗(yàn)證方配置:配置本地名稱H3C-Ethernet3/2/1 ppp chap user user-c將對端用戶名和密碼加入本地用戶列表H3Clocal-user user-sH3C-luser-user-spassword simple sharepassH3C-luser-user-sser

28、vice-type pppPPP典型配置舉例一主驗(yàn)證方被驗(yàn)證方RouterA RouterB PAP 驗(yàn)證S0/0S0/0RouterAlocal-user routerb RouterA-luser-routerbpassword simple helloRouterA-luser-routerbservice-type pppRouterAinterface Ethernet3/2/1RouterA-Serial0/0ppp authentication-mode papRouterBinterface Ethernet3/2/1 RouterB-Serial0/0ppp pap loca

29、l-user routerb password simple helloPPP典型配置舉例二RouterARouterBCHAP 驗(yàn)證S0/0S0/0RouterAlocal-user routerbRouterA-luser-routerbpassword simple helloRouterA-luser-routerbservice-type pppRouterAinterface Ethernet3/2/1RouterA-Serial0/0ppp chap user routeraRouterA-Serial0/0ppp authentication-mode chapRouterBl

30、ocal-user routera RouterB-luser-routerapassword simple helloRouterBinterface Ethernet3/2/1RouterB-Serial0/0ppp chap user routerb主驗(yàn)證方被驗(yàn)證方幀中繼的配置封裝幀中繼協(xié)議 H3C-Serial1/0link-protocol fr ietf | mfr |nonstandard 配置幀中繼接口的終端類型 H3C-Serial1/0fr interface-type dce | dte | nni 選擇LMI類型 H3C-Serial1/0fr lmi type ans

31、i | nonstandard | q933a 配置幀中繼地址映射手工配置靜態(tài)映射： H3C-Serial1/0fr map ip protocol-address dlci broadcast 動態(tài)建立：使能動態(tài)逆向地址解析協(xié)議 H3C-Serial1/0fr inarp ip dlci 幀中繼地址映射也就是建立對端協(xié)議地址與本地DLCI的映射關(guān)系，該地址映射可靜態(tài)配置，也可動態(tài)建立配置幀中繼本地虛電路為主接口分配一條虛電路號 H3C-Serial1/0fr dlci dlci配置幀中繼子接口創(chuàng)建幀中繼子接口，進(jìn)入子接口配置模式interface type number.subinterface-number p2mp | p2p 配置幀中繼子接口的虛電路號H3C-Serial1/0.1fr dlci dlci建立地址映射的命令和物理接口相同，可以使用靜態(tài)或動態(tài)地址映射。地址映射只有在點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)的情況下才需要配置子接口有兩種類型：點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)和點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)配置幀中繼交換允許幀中繼進(jìn)行PVC交換H3Cfr switching設(shè)置幀中繼接口類型H3C-Serial1