高一英語同步精品課件：Module 2 No Drugs-Introduction （外研版必修2）（ 2013高考）

1、類別課程目標(biāo)要求掌握的項目話題About drugs詞匯drug, cause, death, disease, attractive, immediately, powerful, offer, continue, share, form, allow, reduce, nearby, mean, follow, likely, describe, plan, totally, recognize, timeas a result of, more than, die from, relate to, such as, used to, break into, be afraid of, r

2、efer to, be against, as well, give up, instead of功能Talking about results語法1.不定式作目的狀語2.結(jié)果狀語從句1cigarette n. C 香煙，紙煙et(te)表示“小He is drawing on his cigarette.他在吸煙。He lit a cigarette in order to calm his mind.他點燃一支香煙，鎮(zhèn)定一下情緒。助記漢雪茄諧音英cigar雪茄煙生cigarette 香煙詞語辨析：cigar, cigarette, tobacco2drug n. C麻醉劑；毒品；藥；藥物I

3、t is very dangerous to take drugs.服毒品是危險的。This drug will get rid of the pain in your back.這藥可以消除你的背痛。詞語辨析：medicine與drugmedicine指起治療作用的“藥，通常只指口服的藥，一般不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。drug在廣義上可以指任何“藥劑，但更多用來指狹義的“麻醉劑或“毒品。Ill give you some medicine to make you sleep better.我可以給你一點藥吃，讓你睡得好些。The drug is habitforming.吃這種藥會上癮的。即學(xué)即用他既不

4、抽煙也不吸毒。_答案：He does not smoke or take drugs.3cause1)vt. 引起：Water pollution is caused by waste from factories and cities.水污染是由工廠和城市排放的污水造成的。2)n. C(1)原因；起因Cattle are one cause of the problem.牲畜是造成這個問題的原因之一。It did not take the firefighters long to put out the fire, and they at once started to look for c

5、auses of the fire.消防員沒多久就把火撲滅了，并且立即查找火災(zāi)起因。(2)事業(yè)Our teachers have devoted themselves to the education cause.我們的老師將他們的一生獻給了教育事業(yè)。知識拓展cause and effect 因果external cause 外因internal cause 內(nèi)因without cause 無緣無故(作狀語)immediate cause 直接原因詞語辨析：cause, reason, excusecause指導(dǎo)致某種結(jié)果的“原因，是客觀的、自然性的。reason那么是指對某種行為的“解釋或“

6、理由。excuse“辯白；借口，指對某種行為所作的解釋，可以是真的，也可以是托辭。His carelessness is the cause of the accident.他的粗心大意是這場事故的起因。I would not do this without good reason.沒有合理的理由我是不會做這個的。Too much work is no excuse for not studying.工作太忙不能成為不學(xué)習(xí)的理由。高考直擊(2021天津12)It rained heavily in the south，_ serious flooding in several province

7、s.A. causedB. having caused C. causing D. to cause 解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：南方下了大雨，在幾個省區(qū)造成嚴(yán)重洪災(zāi)?？崭窈髎erious flooding是rained heavily的后果，而且句子主語it和cause之間存在主動關(guān)系，所以此處要用動詞的ing形式作結(jié)果狀語。答案：C即學(xué)即用The United Nations Organization has done a lot for the_of world peace.AreasonBcauseCundertaking Dcourse答案：B1as a result(of) 因此；

8、結(jié)果；由于的原因as a result單獨使用作連接性狀語，起承上啟下的作用，as a result of是介詞短語，其中的冠詞a也可用the替換，后接名詞或動名詞，表示“由于的原因，作狀語。He got up late this morning. As a result, he was late for school.他今天早晨起床晚了，結(jié)果他上學(xué)遲到了。As a/the result of the war, a lot of Iraqi children lost their lives.由于戰(zhàn)爭的原因，許多伊拉克兒童喪失了生命。鏈接：表示“由于的原因的短語還有：because of, o

9、n account of, due to, owing to等。知識拓展meet with good results 取得好結(jié)果with the result that 因此without result 白費；沒有結(jié)果result from 由而產(chǎn)生result in 導(dǎo)致；造成The accident resulted in three people being killed.這起事故造成三人死亡。His illness resulted from eating bad food.他生病是由于吃了變質(zhì)的食物。高考直擊(2021全國卷)Jenny nearly missed the fligh

10、t_doing too much shopping.Aas a result of Bon top of Cin front of Din need of解析：此題題意：由于購物過度，珍妮差一點錯過了航班。as a/the result of表示“作為的結(jié)果；因為。答案：A即學(xué)即用(2021廈門一中質(zhì)檢)_his carelessness, he didnt pass the examination.AAs a result BBecauseCAs a result of DSince答案：C2more than1)more than數(shù)詞，表示“超過；多于。2)more than名詞，表示“不

11、僅是；不只是。3)more than形容詞/副詞，表示“非常；十分，與very同義。4)more than之后接含有can的從句時，常表示否認(rèn)意義。此時，從句中的謂語動詞必須是及物動詞，并且與句子的主語為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。5)more.than.意為“與其不如；是而不是，表示自身的比較。6)no more thanonly意為“只有，僅僅；not more than常用于數(shù)詞之前，意為“至多；不超過，其意義相當(dāng)于at (the) most。Hibernation is more than sleep.冬眠不僅僅是睡覺。In class, he is more than attentive.在課

12、堂上，他聽講十分認(rèn)真。The secret is more than we can let out.這個秘密我們是不能泄露的。(主語secret是let out的邏輯賓語)He is more diligent than clever.與其說他聰明，不如說他勤奮。Abraham Lincolns whole school education added up to no more than one year.亞伯拉罕林肯所受的全部教育總共只有一年。高考直擊(2021浙江)It took _ building supplies to construct these energysaving ho

13、uses. It took brains, too.Aother than Bmore thanCrather than Dless than 解析：考查短語辨析。根據(jù)后句“也需要腦力?？芍ㄔO(shè)節(jié)能房屋不僅僅(more than)需要建筑材料。答案：B即學(xué)即用If you tell your father what youve done, he will be_angry.Amore than Bnot more thanCno more than Dless than答案：A3die fromdie from指死于外界因素，如事故、飲酒過量、過度勞累、暴食或創(chuàng)傷等，常接accident,

14、wound, lack of food, overwork, carelessness, drinking等名詞(短語)作賓語。Her parents died from an earthquake.她的父母死于一場地震。知識拓展die of指死于某種疾病、年老、悲憤、饑餓，也可以表示死于身體缺少某種物質(zhì)或因精神原因而死亡，后常接cold, poison, illness, old age, a disease, boredom, thirst, sorrow, disappointed love, a fever, heat等名詞。The old woman died of grief so

15、on after her husbands death.那位老太太在丈夫死后不久因悲傷而死。鏈接：die by表示死于暴力等。die off 一個個死去；順次枯死(特指一群生物)die down(become less strong)漸息；平靜下來；漸弱die away 漸息；漸弱；逐漸平息(主要指聲音、風(fēng)、光線)die for 為而死die out 消失；滅亡高考直擊Although the wind has_， the rain remains steady. So you still need a raincoat.Aturned up Bgone backCdied down Dblo

16、wn out解析：根據(jù)句意“雖然風(fēng)已漸息，但雨仍在下，所以你仍需要一件雨衣可知，C選項符合句意。答案：C即學(xué)即用(2021上海南江中學(xué)月考)During the war, some soldiers_wounds and others_hunger.Adied of; died of Bdied from; died ofCdied from; died away Ddied away; died from答案：B4relate to 涉及；向某人講述；相處融洽I cant relate what he said to what he did.我不能將他所說的和做的聯(lián)系起來。He relate

17、d to us the story of his escape.他向我們講述了他逃跑的經(jīng)過。知識拓展1)relate sth. to/with sth. 把與聯(lián)系起來relate to sth./sb. 和有關(guān)；和相處得好；合得來；了解；理解2)related adj. 相關(guān)的；有聯(lián)系的be related to 和有聯(lián)系；和有關(guān)；(與)有親戚關(guān)系3)relation n. 聯(lián)系；交往in relation to 關(guān)于；涉及relationship n. 聯(lián)系；關(guān)聯(lián)relative adj. &n. 相關(guān)的；親戚It is difficult to relate these results w

18、ith/to any known causes.這些結(jié)果很難與任何的原因相關(guān)聯(lián)。Children need to learn to relate to other children.孩子們應(yīng)該學(xué)會與其他孩子友好相處。He related to his wife just how the accident had occurred.他對妻子講述了事故發(fā)生的經(jīng)過。The Dutch language is closely related to German.荷蘭語和德語有緊密聯(lián)系。即學(xué)即用The matter _ your fate cannot be taken for granted.Arel

19、ating to Brelated toCrelate to Dto relate to答案：B5such as1)復(fù)合介詞，引出同位語，意為“例如；諸如之類。Cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse and Snoopy are still popular.像米老鼠，史努比之類的動畫人物仍然受到人們的喜歡。2)作“像樣的解，后接定語從句，as在從句中作關(guān)系代詞。This is not such a book as I want.這不是我要的那本書。(as在從句中作賓語)She collected a great many stories such as

20、child of four or five could understand.她收集了許多四五歲的孩子能聽懂的故事。(as在從句中作賓語)詞語辨析：such as, that is, for example, like1)such as用來列舉事物，常用在列舉的事物和前面表示總稱的名詞之間，但是所列舉的事物只是總稱中的事物的一局部，不能全部都列舉出來。I have learned a lot of subjects at the night school, such as computer, English, art.我在夜校學(xué)了很多門課程，如計算機、英語、藝術(shù)等。2)如果需要把前面總稱中的全

21、部事物一一列舉出來，就要用that is或namely(即)。Three students were mentioned at the meeting, that is/namely John, Sarah and Sylvia.在會上提到了三名學(xué)生，他們是John, Sarah和Sylvia.3)for example是插入語，用于舉例說明前面的名詞，其位置可在句首、句末或句中，需用逗號與其他局部隔開。后面也可接句子，舉出具體例子進一步說明和解釋前面的內(nèi)容或論證前面的觀點。Car prices can vary a lot. For example, in Belgium the VW Go

22、lf costs $1,000 less than in Britain.汽車價格相差很遠(yuǎn)，如一部VW Golf在比利時就比在英國廉價1,000美元。4)like也常用來表示列舉，可與such as換用。但such as用于列舉時可以分開使用，這時不與like換用。He likes fruit, like/such as apples and bananas.他喜歡(吃)水果，比方蘋果和香蕉。He is interested in such things as iron, silver and gold.他對鐵、銀和金這一類東西感興趣。高考直擊(2021江西22)My English teac

23、hers humor was_make every student burst into laughter.Aso as to Bsuch as toCsuch that Dso that解析：考查so與such用法的區(qū)別。由空格后的make排除C、D；A項so as to表示目的；因此只有B項正確。such as接不定式表結(jié)果。句意為“我們英語老師的幽默是如此好笑，惹得每個學(xué)生都放聲大笑起來。答案：B即學(xué)即用(2021福州三中會考)Several Chinese films are rising to international fame, the Brokeback Mountain, _

24、， directed by Ang Lee has won the Oscar Awards.Asuch as Bfor exampleCnamely Dthat is答案：B1Every year, about (20/200)people are killed and (200/2,000) are seriously injured in fires caused by smoking.每年在吸煙引起的火災(zāi)中有大約(20/200)人死亡，大約(200/2000)人受重傷。.death此處作可數(shù)名詞，表示某種類型的死亡或死亡的人數(shù)。Drunken driving causes thousa

25、nds of deaths every year.酒后駕車每年造成成千上萬人死亡。There have been more deaths from drowning.溺水死亡人數(shù)有所增加。Did he die a natural death, or was he murdered?他是自然死亡還是被謀殺？知識拓展英語中有很多名詞，尤其是不可數(shù)名詞，加上(e)s后，意義就發(fā)生了變化。如：air 空氣airs樣子，神氣arm 胳膊arms 武器blue 藍(lán)色blues 抑郁，沮喪content 內(nèi)容，容量contents 目錄glass 玻璃glasses 眼鏡look 看，表情looks 面容，

26、容貌ruin 消滅ruins 廢墟spirit 精神spirits 情緒age 年齡ages 很長時間authority 權(quán)威authorities 當(dāng)局good 好處goods 貨物manner 態(tài)度，方式manners 禮貌wood 木頭woods 樹林work 工作works 著作；工廠mean中間，平均數(shù)means方法，手段custom 風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣customs 關(guān)稅；海關(guān).caused by smoking 過去分詞短語作后置定語，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句which are caused by smoking。Everybody attended the meeting held last

27、 week.所有的人都參加了上星期舉行的會議。I borrowed a book written by Mark Twain from the library last week.上星期我從圖書館借了一本馬克吐溫寫的書。注意：單個的過去分詞常作前置定語，過去分詞短語那么常作后置定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句。高考直擊(1)(2007湖南)“Things_never come again！ I couldnt help talking to myself.Alost BlosingCto lose Dhave lost解析：lost此處為過去分詞作定語。句意：“覆水難收。我不禁向自己說。答案：A(2)(2021湖南)The trees_in the storm have been moved off the road.Abeing blown down Bblown downCblowing down Dto blow down解析：考查過去分詞作定語。blown down為過去分詞修飾the trees. The trees blown down in the storm相當(dāng)于The trees which were blown down in the storm。答案：B即學(xué)即用A television progr