歐洲聯(lián)盟基本權(quán)利憲章

1、CHARTEROFFUNDAMENTALRIGHTSOFTHEEUROPEANUNION(2000/C364/01) PREAMBLE、八、.前言ThepeoplesofEurope,increatinganevercloserunionamongthem,areresolvedtoshareapeacefulfuturebasedoncommonvalues.在創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)前所未有的緊密聯(lián)盟的過程，歐洲人民決意在共同價(jià)值上共享一和平的未來。Consciousofitsspiritualandmoralheritage,theUnionisfoundedontheindivisible,unive

2、rsalvaluesofhumandignity,freedom,equalityandsolidarity;itisbasedontheprinciplesofdemocracyandtheruleoflaw.Itplacestheindividualattheheartofitsactivities,byestablishingthecitizenshipoftheUnionandbycreatinganareaoffreedom,securityandjustice.諒察其精神與道德上之傳統(tǒng)，歐洲聯(lián)盟乃建立在不可分離及普世價(jià)值之人性尊嚴(yán)、自由、平等與團(tuán)結(jié)之上。其系奠基于民主與法治原則之上

3、。藉由創(chuàng)立歐洲聯(lián)盟公民并創(chuàng)造一自由、安全與正義之領(lǐng)域，歐洲聯(lián)盟認(rèn)為個(gè)人是其各項(xiàng)活動之重心。TheUnioncontributestothepreservationandtothedevelopmentofthesecommonvalueswhilerespectingthediversityoftheculturesandtraditionsofthepeoplesofEuropeaswellasthenationalidentitiesoftheMemberStatesandtheorganisationoftheirpublicauthoritiesatnational,regionala

4、ndlocallevels;itseekstopromotebalancedandsustainabledevelopmentandensuresfreemovementofpersons,goods,servicesandcapital,andthefreedomofestablishment.歐洲聯(lián)盟對于上述共同價(jià)值之發(fā)展與保存有所貢獻(xiàn)，但是其亦尊重歐洲人民文化與傳統(tǒng)之多元性、各會員國國民之自我意識及國家、區(qū)域與地方層級之公權(quán)力組織；歐洲聯(lián)盟欲促進(jìn)平衡及永續(xù)之發(fā)展，并確保人員、貨物、服務(wù)與資金之自由流動與創(chuàng)業(yè)自由。Tothisend,itisnecessarytostrengthenthe

5、protectionoffundamentalrightsinthelightofchangesinsociety,socialprogressandscientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsbymakingthoserightsmorevisibleinaCharter.為達(dá)成此一目的，且衡酌社會變遷及進(jìn)步與科技發(fā)展之情形，有必要以于一憲章中將彼等權(quán)利加以明示之方式，加強(qiáng)對基本權(quán)利之保障。ThisCharterreaffirms,withdueregardforthepowersandtasksoftheCommunityandtheUnionandthep

6、rincipleofsubsidiarity,therightsastheyresult,inparticular,fromtheconstitutionaltraditionsandinternationalobligationscommontotheMemberStates,theTreatyonEuropeanUnion,theCommunityTreaties,theEuropeanConventionfortheProtectionofHumanRightsandFundamentalFreedoms,theSocialChartersadoptedbytheCommunityand

7、bytheCouncilofEuropeandthecase-lawoftheCourtofJusticeoftheEuropeanCommunitiesandoftheEuropeanCourtofHumanRights.基于尊重歐洲共同體與歐洲聯(lián)盟之權(quán)力與職掌及輔助原則之前提，本憲章再次確認(rèn)這些權(quán)利，因?yàn)檫@些權(quán)利源自于會員國共同之憲政傳統(tǒng)與國際義務(wù)、歐洲聯(lián)盟條約、歐洲共同體各條約、歐洲保護(hù)人權(quán)與基本自由公約、歐洲共同體與歐洲理事會所通過之各社會憲章及歐洲共同體法院與歐洲人權(quán)法院之判決。Enjoymentoftheserightsentailsresponsibilitiesanddutie

8、swithregardtootherpersons,tothehumancommunityandtofuturegenerations.對于此等權(quán)利之享有，伴隨著對他人、人類社會以及未來世代之責(zé)任與義務(wù)。TheUnionthereforerecognisestherights,freedomsandprinciplessetouthereafter.歐洲聯(lián)盟茲此確認(rèn)以下諸權(quán)利、自由與原則。 CHAPTERI（第一章）DIGNITY（尊嚴(yán)）Article1（第一條）Humandignity人性尊嚴(yán)Humandignityisinviolable.Itmustberespectedandprote

9、cted.人性尊嚴(yán)不可侵犯，其必須受尊重與保護(hù)。Article2（第二條）Righttolife生命權(quán)Everyonehastherighttolife.人人均享有生命權(quán)。Nooneshallbecondemnedtothedeathpenalty,orexecuted.不論何人均不受死刑判決或受死刑執(zhí)行。Article3（第三條）Righttotheintegrityoftheperson人身自主權(quán)Everyonehastherighttorespectforhisorherphysicalandmentalintegrity.人人均享有尊重其心理與生理自主之權(quán)利。Inthefieldsof

10、medicineandbiology,thefollowingmustberespectedinparticular:于醫(yī)藥與生物領(lǐng)域，下列事項(xiàng)應(yīng)特別受到遵守：thefreeandinformedconsentofthepersonconcerned,accordingtotheprocedureslaiddownbylaw,依法律規(guī)定程序之相關(guān)人員之自由且經(jīng)告知之同意；theprohibitionofeugenicpractices,inparticularthoseaimingattheselectionofpersons,禁止基因改造醫(yī)療行為，特別是針對人種選擇而行之者；theprohi

11、bitiononmakingthehumanbodyanditspartsassuchasourceoffinancialgain,禁止為營利而為人體與器官復(fù)制；theprohibitionofthereproductivecloningofhumanbeings.禁止復(fù)制人之行為。Article4（第四條）Prohibitionoftortureandinhumanordegradingtreatmentorpunishment酷刑與不人道或羞辱之待遇或懲罰之禁止Nooneshallbesubjectedtotortureortoinhumanordegradingtreatmentorpu

12、nishment.不論何人均不得被施以酷刑或不人道或羞辱之待遇或懲罰Article5（第五條）Prohibitionofslaveryandforcedlabour奴隸與強(qiáng)制勞動之禁止Nooneshallbeheldinslaveryorservitude.不論何人均不得被處為奴隸或奴役。Nooneshallberequiredtoperformforcedorcompulsorylabour.不論何人均不得被要求施以強(qiáng)制或非自愿性勞動。Traffickinginhumanbeingsisprohibited.禁止進(jìn)行人口販賣。CHAPTERII（第二章）FREEDOMS（自由權(quán)）Articl

13、e6（第六條）Righttolibertyandsecurity自由與安全之權(quán)利Everyonehastherighttolibertyandsecurityofperson.人人均有權(quán)享有人身自由與安全。Article7（第七條）Respectforprivateandfamilylife個(gè)人與家庭生活Everyonehastherighttorespectforhisorherprivateandfamilylife,homeandcommunications.人人均有權(quán)要求尊重其私人與家庭生活、住居及通信。Article8（第八條）Protectionofpersonaldata個(gè)人信息

14、之保護(hù)Everyonehastherighttotheprotectionofpersonaldataconcerninghimorher.人人均有權(quán)享有個(gè)人信息之保護(hù)。Suchdatamustbeprocessedfairlyforspecifiedpurposesandonthebasisoftheconsentofthepersonconcernedorsomeotherlegitimatebasislaiddownbylaw.Everyonehastherightofaccesstodatawhichhasbeencollectedconcerninghimorher,andtheri

15、ghttohaveitrectified.此等信息應(yīng)僅得于特定明確目的，且于信息所有人同意或其它法律規(guī)定之正當(dāng)依據(jù)下，公平地被處理。人人均有權(quán)了解其個(gè)人信息，并有權(quán)要求銷毀其個(gè)人信息。Compliancewiththeserulesshallbesubjecttocontrolbyanindependentauthority.應(yīng)由獨(dú)立之主管機(jī)關(guān)監(jiān)督這些原則之確實(shí)遵守。Article9（第九條）Righttomarryandrighttofoundafamily結(jié)婚權(quán)與組織家庭權(quán)Therighttomarryandtherighttofoundafamilyshallbeguaranteedin

16、accordancewiththenationallawsgoverningtheexerciseoftheserights.結(jié)婚權(quán)與組織家庭權(quán)應(yīng)依國內(nèi)法律規(guī)定此等權(quán)利行使之范圍而保障之。Article10（第十條）Freedomofthought,conscienceandreligion思想、良心與宗教自由1.Everyonehastherighttofreedomofthought,conscienceandreligion.Thisrightincludesfreedomtochangereligionorbeliefandfreedom,eitheraloneorincommunit

17、ywithothersandinpublicorinprivate,tomanifestreligionorbelief,inworship,teaching,practiceandobservance.人人均有權(quán)享有思想、良心與宗教之自由。此一權(quán)利包括改變宗教或信念之自由，及不論系獨(dú)自或于社群中，亦不論系公開或私下，于禮拜、教學(xué)、職業(yè)與儀式中，表達(dá)其宗教與信仰之自由。2.Therighttoconscientiousobjectionisrecognized,inaccordancewiththenationallawsgoverningtheexerciseofthisright.基于良心

18、而反對之權(quán)利應(yīng)依國內(nèi)法律行使此一權(quán)利之規(guī)定而確認(rèn)之。Article11（第十一條）Freedomofexpressionandinformation表意與信息自由1.Everyonehastherighttofreedomofexpression.Thisrightshallincludefreedomtoholdopinionsandtoreceiveandimpartinformationandideaswithoutinterferencebypublicauthorityandregardlessoffrontiers.人人均有權(quán)享有表意自由。此一權(quán)利應(yīng)包括保有意見之自由，與接收與傳遞

19、信息及意見，而不受公權(quán)力干預(yù)與地域之限制。2.Thefreedomandpluralismofthemediashallberespected.媒體之自由與多元性應(yīng)受到尊重。Article12（第十二條）Freedomofassemblyandofassociation集會與結(jié)社自由Everyonehastherighttofreedomofpeacefulassemblyandtofreedomofassociationatalllevels,inparticularinpolitical,tradeunionandcivicmatters,whichimpliestherightofeve

20、ryonetoformandtojointradeunionsfortheprotectionofhisorherinterests.人人均有權(quán)享有和平集會之自由與于各階層結(jié)社之自由，特別是有關(guān)政治、工會與私人事務(wù)之集會及結(jié)社，因其包含每個(gè)人為保護(hù)自我利益而組成或參加工會之權(quán)利。PoliticalpartiesatUnionlevelcontributetoexpressingthepoliticalwillofthecitizensoftheUnion.歐洲聯(lián)盟層次之政黨團(tuán)體有助于歐洲聯(lián)盟公民表達(dá)政治意愿。Article13（第十三條）Freedomoftheartsandsciences藝

21、術(shù)與科學(xué)自由Theartsandscientificresearchshallbefreeofconstraint.Academicfreedomshallberespected.藝術(shù)與科學(xué)研究不應(yīng)受限制。學(xué)術(shù)自由應(yīng)被尊重。Article14（第十四條）Righttoeducation受教權(quán)1.Everyonehastherighttoeducationandtohaveaccesstovocationalandcontinuingtraining.人人均享有受教育與接受職業(yè)及技職訓(xùn)練之權(quán)利。2.Thisrightincludesthepossibilitytoreceivefreecompu

22、lsoryeducation.此一權(quán)利包括接受免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育之機(jī)會。Thefreedomtofoundeducationalestablishmentswithduerespectfordemocraticprinciplesandtherightofparentstoensuretheeducationandteachingoftheirchildreninconformitywiththeirreligious,philosophicalandpedagogicalconvictionsshallberespected,inaccordancewiththenationallawsgover

23、ningtheexerciseofsuchfreedomandright.設(shè)立尊重民主原則之教育事業(yè)之自由與父母確保其子女受符合其信仰、哲學(xué)與學(xué)術(shù)確信而受教育與訓(xùn)練之權(quán)利，應(yīng)依此等自由與權(quán)利行使之相關(guān)國內(nèi)法律規(guī)定而得到保障。Article15（第十五條）Freedomtochooseanoccupationandrighttoengageinwork職業(yè)自由與工作權(quán)1.Everyonehastherighttoengageinworkandtopursueafreelychosenoracceptedoccupation.人人均享有工作與追求自由選擇或接受職業(yè)之權(quán)利。2.Everycitize

24、noftheUnionhasthefreedomtoseekemployment,towork,toexercisetherightofestablishmentandtoprovideservicesinanyMemberState.歐洲聯(lián)盟的每個(gè)公民均有權(quán)享有于任何會員國受雇、工作、創(chuàng)業(yè)與提供服務(wù)之自由。NationalsofthirdcountrieswhoareauthorisedtoworkintheterritoriesoftheMemberStatesareentitledtoworkingconditionsequivalenttothoseofcitizensoftheUni

25、on.經(jīng)允許而于會員國境內(nèi)工作之非會員國國民，有權(quán)享有與歐洲聯(lián)盟公民所享有之相同勞動條件。Article16（第十六條）Freedomtoconductabusiness營業(yè)自由ThefreedomtoconductabusinessinaccordancewithCommunitylawandnationallawsandpracticesisrecognised.依歐洲共同體法律與國內(nèi)法令規(guī)定之營業(yè)自由應(yīng)予確認(rèn)。Article17（第十七條）Righttoproperty財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)1.Everyonehastherighttoown,use,disposeofandbequeathhisorh

26、erlawfullyacquiredpossessions.Noonemaybedeprivedofhisorherpossessions,exceptinthepublicinterestandinthecasesandundertheconditionsprovidedforbylaw,subjecttofaircompensationbeingpaidingoodtimefortheirloss.Theuseofpropertymayberegulatedbylawinsofarasisnecessaryforthegeneralinterest.人人均享有擁有、使用、處分與遺贈其合法取

27、得財(cái)產(chǎn)之權(quán)利。除非基于公共利益，符合法律規(guī)定之要件及情況，并于合理期間內(nèi)適當(dāng)補(bǔ)償損失，不得剝奪個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)。法律得于符合公共利益之情況管理個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)之使用。2.Intellectualpropertyshallbeprotected.智慧財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)應(yīng)受到保護(hù)。Article18（第十八條）Righttoasylum庇護(hù)權(quán)TherighttoasylumshallbeguaranteedwithduerespectfortherulesoftheGenevaConventionof28July1951andtheProtocolof31January1967relatingtothestatusofref

28、ugeesandinaccordancewiththeTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanCommunity.庇護(hù)權(quán)應(yīng)于符合一九五一年七月二十八日日內(nèi)瓦公約與一九六七年一月三十一日關(guān)于難民地位議定書及歐洲共同體條約之相關(guān)規(guī)范下受到保障。Article19（第十九條）Protectionintheeventofremoval,expulsionorextradition移居、驅(qū)逐與引渡事件之保護(hù)1.Collectiveexpulsionsareprohibited.集體驅(qū)逐應(yīng)被禁止。2.Noonemayberemoved,expelledorextraditedtoaSta

29、tewherethereisaseriousriskthatheorshewouldbesubjectedtothedeathpenalty,tortureorotherinhumanordegradingtreatmentorpunishment.任何人均不得被移居、驅(qū)逐或引渡至一將使其遭受死刑、酷刑與其它非人道與羞辱待遇與懲罰之嚴(yán)重危險(xiǎn)之國家。 CHAPTERIII（第三章）EQUALITY（平等）Article20（第二十條）Equalitybeforethelaw法律上平等Everyoneisequalbeforethelaw.法律之前人人平等。Article21Non-discrim

30、ination不受歧視1.Anydiscriminationbasedonanygroundsuchassex,race,colour,ethnicorsocialorigin,geneticfeatures,language,religionorbelief,politicaloranyotheropinion,membershipofanationalminority,property,birth,disability,ageorsexualorientationshallbeprohibited.任何基于性別、種族、膚色、血源或社會背景、面容外貌、語言、宗教與信念政治或任何其它意見、少數(shù)

31、族裔成員、財(cái)產(chǎn)、出生、殘障、年齡或性傾向之歧視，均應(yīng)被禁止。2.WithinthescopeofapplicationoftheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanCommunityandoftheTreatyonEuropeanUnion,andwithoutprejudicetothespecialprovisionsofthoseTreaties,anydiscriminationongroundsofnationalityshallbeprohibited.在適用歐洲共同體條約與歐洲聯(lián)盟條約的范圍內(nèi)，任何基于國籍之歧視均應(yīng)被禁止。Article22（第二十二條）C

32、ultural,religiousandlinguisticdiversity文化、宗教與語言多元性TheUnionshallrespectcultural,religiousandlinguisticdiversity.歐洲聯(lián)盟應(yīng)尊重文化、宗教與語言之多樣性。Article23（第二十三條）Equalitybetweenmenandwomen男女平等Equalitybetweenmenandwomenmustbeensuredinallareas,includingemployment,workandpay.男女間于包括雇用、勞動與報(bào)酬等所有領(lǐng)域之平等，應(yīng)受到保障。Theprincipleo

33、fequalityshallnotpreventthemaintenanceoradoptionofmeasuresprovidingforspecificadvantagesinfavouroftheunder-representedsex.平等原則不應(yīng)影響到為少數(shù)性別提供特定利益之措施的施行與采用。Article24（第二十四條）Therightsofthechild兒童權(quán)利Childrenshallhavetherighttosuchprotectionandcareasisnecessaryfortheirwell-being.Theymayexpresstheirviewsfreel

34、y.Suchviewsshallbetakenintoconsiderationonmatterswhichconcerntheminaccordancewiththeirageandmaturity.兒童享有受必要保護(hù)與照顧之權(quán)利。兒童得自由地表達(dá)其觀點(diǎn)，此等觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)于與兒童相關(guān)之事務(wù)上，依其年齡與成熟度而受到考慮。Inallactionsrelatingtochildren,whethertakenbypublicauthoritiesorprivateinstitutions,thechildsbestinterestsmustbeaprimaryconsideration.所有與兒童相關(guān)

35、之行為，不論是由公家機(jī)構(gòu)或私人機(jī)構(gòu)所進(jìn)行，兒童之最適利益應(yīng)為首要考慮。Everychildshallhavetherighttomaintainonaregularbasisapersonalrelationshipanddirectcontactwithbothhisorherparents,unlessthatiscontrarytohisorherinterests.每個(gè)兒童均享有于一固定期限內(nèi)維持個(gè)人關(guān)系及與雙親直接接觸之權(quán)利，但其情形違反兒童之利益者不在此限。Article25（第二十五條）Therightsoftheelderly老人權(quán)利TheUnionrecognisesandr

36、espectstherightsoftheelderlytoleadalifeofdignityandindependenceandtoparticipateinsocialandculturallife.歐洲聯(lián)盟確認(rèn)并尊重老人享有尊嚴(yán)與獨(dú)立之生活及參與社會及文化生活之權(quán)利。Article26（第二十六條）Integrationofpersonswithdisabilities殘障者之公平待遇TheUnionrecognisesandrespectstherightofpersonswithdisabilitiestobenefitfrommeasuresdesignedtoensurethe

37、irindependence,socialandoccupationalintegrationandparticipationinthelifeofthecommunity.歐洲聯(lián)盟確認(rèn)并尊重殘障者享有為了確保其獨(dú)立、社會與就業(yè)公平待遇及參與社群生活之各項(xiàng)措施的權(quán)利。 CHAPTERIV（第四章）SOLIDARITY（團(tuán)結(jié)）Article27（第二十七條）Workersrighttoinformationandconsultationwithintheundertaking勞工于工作中獲得信息與諮商之權(quán)利Workersortheirrepresentativesmust,attheapprop

38、riatelevels,beguaranteedinformationandconsultationingoodtimeinthecasesandundertheconditionsprovidedforbyCommunitylawandnationallawsandpractices.勞工或其代表就歐洲共同體法律、國內(nèi)法律與措施所規(guī)定之條件與案件上，于適當(dāng)層級上立即獲得數(shù)據(jù)與諮商之權(quán)利，必須受到保障。Article28（第二十八條）Rightofcollectivebargainingandaction團(tuán)體協(xié)商與行動之權(quán)利Workersandemployers,ortheirrespecti

39、veorganisations,have,inaccordancewithCommunitylawandnationallawsandpractices,therighttonegotiateandconcludecollectiveagreementsattheappropriatelevelsand,incasesofconflictsofinterest,totakecollectiveactiontodefendtheirinterests,includingstrikeaction.勞工與雇主或其代表團(tuán)體，依歐洲共同體法律、國內(nèi)法律與措施，于適當(dāng)層級上進(jìn)行協(xié)商及簽訂團(tuán)體協(xié)議之權(quán)利。若

40、于利益沖突時(shí)，有采取包括罷工之集體行動，以保護(hù)其自我利益之權(quán)利。Article29（第二十九條）Rightofaccesstoplacementservices獲得職業(yè)介紹之權(quán)利。Everyonehastherightofaccesstoafreeplacementservice.人人均有獲得免費(fèi)職業(yè)介紹之權(quán)利。Article30（第三十條）Protectionintheeventofunjustifieddismissal不當(dāng)解雇事件之保護(hù)Everyworkerhastherighttoprotectionagainstunjustifieddismissal,inaccordancewit

41、hCommunitylawandnationallawsandpractices.勞工有依歐洲共同體法律、國內(nèi)法律與措施，不受不當(dāng)解雇之權(quán)利。Article31（第三十一條）Fairandjustworkingconditions公平合理之勞動條件Everyworkerhastherighttoworkingconditionswhichrespecthisorherhealth,safetyanddignity.勞工享有尊重其健康、安全與尊嚴(yán)之勞動條件的權(quán)利。Everyworkerhastherighttolimitationofmaximumworkinghours,todailyandw

42、eeklyrestperiodsandtoanannualperiodofpaidleave.勞工享有最高工時(shí)限制、每日與每周休息時(shí)間與支薪年休期間之權(quán)利。Article32（第三十二條）Prohibitionofchildlabourandprotectionofyoungpeopleatwork童工之禁止與在職青少年之保護(hù)。Theemploymentofchildrenisprohibited.Theminimumageofadmissiontoemploymentmaynotbelowerthantheminimumschool-leavingage,withoutprejudiceto

43、suchrulesasmaybemorefavourabletoyoungpeopleandexceptforlimitedderogations.禁止雇用兒童。最低雇用年齡不得低于基本教育年齡，但有利于青少年及特別例外情況不在此限。Youngpeopleadmittedtoworkmusthaveworkingconditionsappropriatetotheirageandbeprotectedagainsteconomicexploitationandanyworklikelytoharmtheirsafety,healthorphysical,mental,moralorsocial

44、developmentortointerferewiththeireducation.被許可就業(yè)之青少年須依適合其年齡之勞動條件，并受保護(hù)以免于受經(jīng)濟(jì)剝削與從事其它可能傷害其安全、健康或生理、心理、道德或社會發(fā)展或妨礙其教育之工作。Article33（第三十三條）Familyandprofessionallife家庭與職業(yè)生活1.Thefamilyshallenjoylegal,economicandsocialprotection.家庭應(yīng)享有法律上、經(jīng)濟(jì)上與社會上之保護(hù)。2.Toreconcilefamilyandprofessionallife,everyoneshallhavetheri

45、ghttoprotectionfromdismissalforareasonconnectedwithmaternityandtherighttopaidmaternityleaveandtoparentalleavefollowingthebirthoradoptionofachild.為使其家庭與職業(yè)生活協(xié)調(diào)，人人均有受免于因與妊娠有關(guān)之理由而受解雇之權(quán)利，以及支薪產(chǎn)假與因子女出生或領(lǐng)養(yǎng)而休育嬰假之權(quán)利。Article34（第三十四條）Socialsecurityandsocialassistance社會福利與社會救助1.TheUnionrecognisesandrespectstheen

46、titlementtosocialsecuritybenefitsandsocialservicesprovidingprotectionincasessuchasmaternity,illness,industrialaccidents,dependencyoroldage,andinthecaseoflossofemployment,inaccordancewiththeruleslaiddownbyCommunitylawandnationallawsandpractices.歐洲聯(lián)盟依歐洲共同體法律、國內(nèi)法律及措施之相關(guān)規(guī)定，確認(rèn)并尊重于妊娠、疾病、工業(yè)意外、失依或年老及失業(yè)情況下提供

47、保護(hù)之社會福利利益與社會服務(wù)之享有。2.EveryoneresidingandmovinglegallywithintheEuropeanUnionisentitledtosocialsecuritybenefitsandsocialadvantagesinaccordancewithCommunitylawandnationallawsandpractices.任何人合法居住或遷移于歐洲聯(lián)盟境內(nèi)，有權(quán)享有依歐洲共同體法律、國內(nèi)法律及措施規(guī)定之社會安全福利與社會利益。Inordertocombatsocialexclusionandpoverty,theUnionrecognisesandre

48、spectstherighttosocialandhousingassistancesoastoensureadecentexistenceforallthosewholacksufficientresources,inaccordancewiththeruleslaiddownbyCommunitylawandnationallawsandpractices.為消除社會邊緣化及貧窮，歐洲聯(lián)盟確認(rèn)并尊重依據(jù)歐洲共同體法律、國內(nèi)法律及措施之相關(guān)規(guī)定之社會與居住補(bǔ)助之權(quán)利，以確保所有欠缺適足資源者能享有有尊嚴(yán)之生活。Article35（第三十五條）Healthcare健康照護(hù)Everyonehas

49、therightofaccesstopreventivehealthcareandtherighttobenefitfrommedicaltreatmentundertheconditionsestablishedbynationallawsandpractices.AhighlevelofhumanhealthprotectionshallbeensuredinthedefinitionandimplementationofallUnionpoliciesandactivities.人人均享有依國內(nèi)法律及措施確立之條件下接受預(yù)防性健康照護(hù)與接受醫(yī)藥治療之權(quán)利。歐洲聯(lián)盟所有政策與行為之解釋與實(shí)

50、踐，均應(yīng)確保高水平之人體健康保護(hù)。Article36（第三十六條）Accesstoservicesofgeneraleconomicinterest一般經(jīng)濟(jì)利益服務(wù)之獲得TheUnionrecognisesandrespectsaccesstoservicesofgeneraleconomicinterestasprovidedforinnationallawsandpractices,inaccordancewiththeTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanCommunity,inordertopromotethesocialandterritorialcohesion

51、oftheUnion.歐洲聯(lián)盟確認(rèn)并尊重依符合歐洲共同體條約規(guī)定之國內(nèi)法律與措施而獲得一般經(jīng)濟(jì)利益服務(wù)之權(quán)利，以便能促進(jìn)歐洲聯(lián)盟社會與領(lǐng)域之結(jié)合。Article37（第三十七條）Environmentalprotection環(huán)境保護(hù)AhighlevelofenvironmentalprotectionandtheimprovementofthequalityoftheenvironmentmustbeintegratedintothepoliciesoftheUnionandensuredinaccordancewiththeprincipleofsustainabledevelopment.

52、高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之環(huán)境保護(hù)及環(huán)境質(zhì)量改善，必須納入歐洲聯(lián)盟之政策并符合永續(xù)發(fā)展原則。Article38（第三十八條）Consumerprotection消費(fèi)者保護(hù)Unionpoliciesshallensureahighlevelofconsumerprotection.歐洲聯(lián)盟之政策必須保障高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之消費(fèi)者保護(hù)。 CHAPTERV（第五章）CITIZENSRIGHTS（公民權(quán)）Article39（第三十九條）RighttovoteandtostandasacandidateatelectionstotheEuropeanParliament歐洲議會議員選舉與被選舉權(quán)EverycitizenoftheUn

53、ionhastherighttovoteandtostandasacandidateatelectionstotheEuropeanParliamentintheMemberStateinwhichheorsheresides,underthesameconditionsasnationalsofthatState.歐洲聯(lián)盟之每個(gè)公民，均享有于與其居住地之會員國國民相同條件下，于該國參與歐洲議會議員之選舉及被選舉權(quán)。MembersoftheEuropeanParliamentshallbeelectedbydirectuniversalsuffrageinafreeandsecretballo

54、t.歐洲議會議員應(yīng)經(jīng)由普遍、直接、無記名之自由選舉方式產(chǎn)生。Article40（第四十條）Righttovoteandtostandasacandidateatmunicipalelections地區(qū)選舉之選舉與被選舉權(quán)EverycitizenoftheUnionhastherighttovoteandtostandasacandidateatmunicipalelectionsintheMemberStateinwhichheorsheresidesunderthesameconditionsasnationalsofthatState.歐洲聯(lián)盟之每個(gè)公民，均享有于與其居住地之會員國國民相同

55、條件下，于該國參與地區(qū)選舉及被選舉權(quán)。Article41（第四十一條）Righttogoodadministration享受良好行政之權(quán)利1.Everypersonhastherighttohavehisorheraffairshandledimpartially,fairlyandwithinareasonabletimebytheinstitutionsandbodiesoftheUnion.人人均享有其事務(wù)受到歐洲聯(lián)盟機(jī)構(gòu)及部門之公正、公平與適時(shí)處理之權(quán)利2.Thisrightincludes:此一權(quán)利包括：therightofeverypersontobeheard,beforeany

56、individualmeasurewhichwouldaffecthimorheradverselyistaken;人人均有在受到任何不利益之個(gè)別措施前接受通知之權(quán)利；therightofeverypersontohaveaccesstohisorherfile,whilerespectingthelegitimateinterestsofconfidentialityandofprofessionalandbusinesssecrecy;人人均有于尊重機(jī)密與職業(yè)及商業(yè)秘密之合法利益下，取得自己所屬之個(gè)人檔案之權(quán)利；theobligationoftheadministrationtogiver

57、easonsforitsdecisions.行政機(jī)關(guān)就行政決定應(yīng)附理由之義務(wù)。EverypersonhastherighttohavetheCommunitymakegoodanydamagecausedbyitsinstitutionsorbyitsservantsintheperformanceoftheirduties,inaccordancewiththegeneralprinciplescommontothelawsoftheMemberStates.人人均有依會員國法律所共同之一般原則要求歐洲共同體就其機(jī)構(gòu)或履行職務(wù)之公務(wù)員所導(dǎo)致之損害進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償或賠償之權(quán)利。Everypersonm

58、aywritetotheinstitutionsoftheUnioninoneofthelanguagesoftheTreatiesandmusthaveananswerinthesamelanguage.人人均得以歐洲聯(lián)盟條約各條約規(guī)定之任一種語言文字函詢歐洲聯(lián)盟之機(jī)構(gòu)，并應(yīng)獲得使用相同語言文字之回復(fù)。Article42（第四十二條）Rightofaccesstodocuments取得文件之自由。AnycitizenoftheUnion,andanynaturalorlegalpersonresidingorhavingitsregisteredofficeinaMemberState,ha

59、sarightofaccesstoEuropeanParliament,CouncilandCommissiondocuments.歐洲聯(lián)盟公民與于一會員國中居住之自然人或登記營業(yè)所之法人，均有取得歐洲議會、部長理事會及執(zhí)委會文件之權(quán)利。Article43（第四十三條）Ombudsman監(jiān)察使AnycitizenoftheUnionandanynaturalorlegalpersonresidingorhavingitsregisteredofficeinaMemberStatehastherighttorefertotheOmbudsmanoftheUnioncasesofmaladmini

60、strationintheactivitiesoftheCommunityinstitutionsorbodies,withtheexceptionoftheCourtofJusticeandtheCourtofFirstInstanceactingintheirjudicialrole.歐洲聯(lián)盟公民與于一會員國中居住之自然人或登記營業(yè)所之法人，均享有就歐洲共同體機(jī)構(gòu)及部門之違法不當(dāng)行政作為，向歐洲聯(lián)盟監(jiān)察使提出申訴之權(quán)利，但歐洲法院與初審法院之司法行為不在此限。Article44（第四十四條）Righttopetition請?jiān)笝?quán)AnycitizenoftheUnionandanynatura