2020—2021學(xué)年人教新課標(biāo)高二英語(yǔ)《Art grammer》課件

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣Subjunctive mood陳述語(yǔ)氣the indicative moodYou are very careful.祈使語(yǔ)氣the imperative mood Please be careful!虛擬語(yǔ)氣the subjunctive moodI wish you were more careful. 1. I wish I could remember more about my mum.2. I wish that she were here with me and that we werent sick.虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而只是一種愿望、假設(shè)、懷

2、疑、猜測(cè)、空想等。 1、在if條件從句中的運(yùn)用1）if真實(shí)條件句2）if虛擬條件句（省略if的倒裝句）3）錯(cuò)綜條件句4）含蓄條件句（without，but for，不定式，分詞等后） 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的運(yùn)用1、if條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 If it _ (rain) tomorrow, our trip _ (put off).構(gòu)成從句：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 主句：將來(lái)時(shí)rainswill be put off1）if真實(shí)條件句 條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be用were)should/ would/ could/ might+動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反had+doneshould/ wo

3、uld/ could/ might+ have done與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 1. 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 2. should動(dòng)詞原形 3.were to動(dòng)詞原形should/ would/ could/ might動(dòng)詞原形2）if非真實(shí)條件句Examples:1. If I were you, I would go at once.2. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.3. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.請(qǐng)注意省略if的虛擬倒裝Were I you

4、, IHad you comeWere it sunny tomorrow,3）錯(cuò)綜條件句If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now.假如昨天我對(duì)他說(shuō)了，現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了。注：當(dāng)條件從句與結(jié)果主句所表的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。4）含蓄條件句What would I have done without you?非真實(shí)條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來(lái)，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。含蓄條件句大體分為兩類：*條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中：But for your help we couldnt ha

5、ve succeeded in the experiment.Im really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you.*條件暗含在上下文中：I would not have done it (if I were you).I would have bought it (if I had had the money).非真實(shí)條件句中的條件從句除用if引導(dǎo)外，還可以用when, unless, suppose, as if, for fear, in case, on condition等詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。*Unless I w

6、ere well, I wouldnt be at school.*Suppose you were given a chance to study in America, would you accept?*He can use the bicycle on condition that he should return it tomorrow.*In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.*When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken

7、.*Even if he were to come here, he could not solve the problem.2、在主語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示驚奇，不相信，惋惜，理應(yīng)如此等主觀的情感，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should +動(dòng)詞原形，should 可以省略。It is strange that she should wear such a coat.It is necessary that we should clean the room every day. (important, natural, right, etc. ) It is a pity that you sho

8、uld be so careless.It is requested that Miss Liu should give a performance at the party. (要求,建議,命令suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc)3、賓語(yǔ)從句1)表示命令，建議，要求，如suggest, demand, order, insist, request, require, command等后接賓語(yǔ)從句，多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 (should)+動(dòng)詞原形 We suggest that we (should) have a meeting

9、. We insisted that they (should) go with us.注：insist/ suggest不接虛擬的用法She insisted that she had seen the thief.她堅(jiān)持說(shuō)她看見(jiàn)了那個(gè)賊。（堅(jiān)持事實(shí)）His uncle insists that he should not stay in the hotel.他的叔叔堅(jiān)持要求他不要待在旅館 里。His pale face suggested that he was ill and I suggested that he should go to the hospital at once.2)

10、用在wish 后面I wish it were spring all the year round. -現(xiàn)在I wish he visited us now.I wish you could go with us. -將來(lái)We wish we had arrived here two hours earlier. -過(guò)去3)would rather+從句之后I would rather you had gone, too. -過(guò)去I would rather you paid me now. -現(xiàn)在 Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. -將

11、來(lái) （動(dòng)詞的用法同wish的賓語(yǔ)從句）注：if only用法類似意為：若是.那該多好啊; 真希望.; 只要, 只要.就好表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去式; 如果是過(guò)去的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài) If only I had arrived in time!If only she didnt drive so fast.4、虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于表語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ)從句表示要求、命令、建議的名詞，如advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成是should +動(dòng)詞原形We all a

12、greed to his suggestion that we should go to Beijing for our summer vocation.My idea is that we should go to Beijing for our summer vacation.5.虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于定語(yǔ)從句It is (high) time that It is time that we left school.It is time that we should leave school. (should不可以省略)1. If he _ his legs yesterday, he _ with

13、 us now.A. hadnt hurt ; would go B. hadnt hurt; would have goneC. didnt hurt; would go D. didnt hurt; would have gone2. _ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful party.A. Had they arrivedB. Would they arriveC. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive 3. I was away that d

14、ay, otherwise I _ the lecture.had attended would have attendedwould attend attended with，without，but for，but， otherwise4. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advice.A. followB. had followedC. would followD. have followed5. -Do you mind if I open the window? -_ I feel a bit cold.

15、 A. Of course not.B. Id rather you didnt.C. Go ahead.D. Why not?6.-Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? -I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; thatB. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; whatD. should not send; whatAD6. Alan _ the party i

16、f he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed7. If I had known you were coming, I _ you at the airport. A. had met B. met C. would meet D. would have metBAB8. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen9

17、. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sell10. I wish this bus _ to the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone11. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得飽), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get12. He

18、is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been13. I _ you some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lentCAB14. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had15. I dont thi

19、nk it is the right time that you _. A. will go B. went C. go D. must go16. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenDBC17. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.did; set B. had done; should be setC.

20、do; be set D. had done; must be setB18. Mother suggested that I _ my homework first before watching TV.A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done B19. My suggestion was that the meeting _ off still next week.to put B. be puttingC. Should put D. be putD20. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so ti