水泥：產業(yè)結構調整漸行漸快

1、水泥：產業(yè)結構調整漸行漸快朱磊許紅洲Cement industry structure adjustment gaining momentumZhu Lei Xu Hongzhou“2007年水泥行業(yè)的表現(xiàn)令人欣慰！ ”國家發(fā)展改革委工業(yè)司副司長熊必琳日 前在接受本報記者專訪時如是表述?！癟he performance of the cement industry in the year 2007 has been gratifying commented Xiong Bilin, deputy director of the Industry Department of NDRC (Nati

2、onal Development & Reform Commission)一串漂亮的數(shù)字佐證了熊必琳的觀點：2007年我國水泥工業(yè)經濟運行狀況良好， 多項經濟指標創(chuàng)出新高，水泥產量達到13.6億噸，同比增長9.9%，占到世界 水泥產量的50.37% ；水泥銷售收入超過4000億元，利潤沖破200億元。Some cheering figures support Xiong s statement. In 2007 the cement industry in China was in good order. Many economic indexes made new high record.

3、The output of cement reached 1.36 billion tons (equal to 50.37% of the global output), an increase of 9.9% compared to that of the same period last year. The turnover was more than 400 billion, with a profit over 20 billion.“這些成績的取得，說明水泥市場整體向好。特別是2007年，我國水泥工業(yè)發(fā) 生了根本性變化。大企業(yè)區(qū)域重組，淘汰落后生產能力步伐加快，加速推進了產 業(yè)結構

4、的調整，市場整合取得實質性進展?！毙鼙亓照f?！癟hese achievements show the completeness of the cement market. The year 2007 witnessed a fundamental change of the cement industry: regional industry layout reshaped by big enterprises, low productivity washed out in a faster pace, industry structure adjustment quickened, the

5、market essentially integrated. Said Xiong Bilin2007年，水泥行業(yè)并購的主角已從外資轉移到國內大企業(yè)集團。幾家大型國 有企業(yè)加速新建、收購和兼并擴張，將眾多國內水泥上市公司收至旗下。In 2007, key players ofmergers in the cement industry have shifted from foreign capital to domestic companies. Several large state-owned enterprises speeded up to enlarge their business

6、 scale through building, buying, and merging, incorporating many domestic listed cement companies into their mechanism.中國中材是目前控股水泥上市公司數(shù)目最多的企業(yè)：2006年入主天山股份； 2007年控股賽馬實業(yè)；2008年1月收購冀東水泥，并表示用三年時間，將冀東 水泥集團打造成國內最大、世界前五名的水泥企業(yè)集團。Currently Sinoma is the enterprise that holds a controlling number of the shares

7、of the most cement companies. In 2006 it became the holding company of Xinjiang Tianshan Cement; In 2007, in took control of SAIMA； In January 2008, it bought out Jidong Cementand declared to make Jidong Cement the biggest cement company in China and one of the five biggest in the world.另一家央企中國建材亦不甘

8、落后，目前已將江西水泥、尖峰水泥納入版圖。兩 家大型企業(yè)的擴張力度，大有打破海螺水泥在水泥行業(yè)一枝獨秀格局之勢。Another state enterprise doesn t reconcile to lagging behind. It has already by now taken JIANGXI WANNIANQING CEMENT，Jianfeng Group into its control. The forceful expansions of these two large companies seem to have the momentum to shake ANHUI

9、CONCH CEMENT who currently outshines others in the cement industry.熊必琳提供的資料說明了行業(yè)兼并重組的積極效果：目前，我國最大的12家 水泥企業(yè)集團已占全國水泥產量比重的25%，其中，浙江三獅超過1000萬噸， 山東山水超過2000萬噸，中聯(lián)集團超過2800萬噸，安徽海螺集團達到1億噸。Information provided by Xiong Bilin shows the positive effect of amalgamation and restructuring. Currently the output of t

10、he 12 biggest cement companies takes up 25% of the national output. Among these 12, the output of Leomax Group is over 10 million tons, Shandong SUNNSY over 20 million tons, China United Cement over 28 million tons and ANHUI CONCH CEMENT over 100 million tons.熊必琳表示，水泥行業(yè)的并購整合不僅提高了行業(yè)集中度，更提高了節(jié)能環(huán)保 等新工藝的

11、推廣，同時也提升了水泥企業(yè)第一軍團的規(guī)模。目前，新型干法水泥 生產工藝已廣泛應用，新型干法水泥比重從2001年的14.20%上升到2007年的 55%。2010年，新型干法水泥比重有望達到“十一五”規(guī)劃提出的發(fā)展目標70% 的比例。Xiong suggests that amalgamation within the cement industry can help not only to centralize the industry, but also to promote new production technology that is more environmental frien

12、dly and energy-saving, while in the meantime strengthen the scales of the top cement enterprises. Presently new dry process cement production technology is widely adopted.The proportion of new dry process cement rose from 14.20% in 2001 to 55% in 2007. It is promising to reach the goal of 70% by the

13、 year 2010, a development goal proposed by the 11th five-year plan.2007年，與水泥行業(yè)火熱的景象截然相反的是，立窯企業(yè)的生存岌岌可危。Contrary to the thriving scene of the cement industry, the survival of shaft kiln enterprises is in danger.根據(jù)國務院批準的水泥工業(yè)產業(yè)發(fā)展政策要求，2008年底前各地要淘汰各種規(guī) 格的中空窯等落后工藝技術裝備，進一步削減立窯生產能力，有條件的地區(qū)要淘 汰全部立窯。地方各級政府要依法關停并

14、轉產年產規(guī)模小于20萬噸和環(huán)保或水 泥質量不達標企業(yè)的生產能力。According to policies from the central government concerning the cement industry, by the end of 2008, low-efficient production facilities like hollow kilns should all be eliminated so as to cut down shaft kiln production, and to wash out shaft kiln production complete

15、ly in regions where conditions permit. Local governments are required to close down cement producers whose annual production capacity is lower than 200,000 tons or whose cement quality is not up to standard.國務院印發(fā)的節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案進一步提出，“十一五”時期將淘 汰落后水泥產能2.5億噸，每年淘汰的落后水泥產能為5000萬噸。水泥發(fā)展專 項規(guī)劃提出的要求則更高，到2010年，新型干

16、法水泥比例要達到70%。完成這 個目標，至少要淘汰落后水泥產能3.6億噸。According to Comprehensiveworking program on energy saving and emission elimination issued by the state council, production of 250 million tons of low-efficient cement will be eliminated during the 11th five-year plan, namely 50 million tons each year. An even hi

17、gher standard was brought forward in the special planning for cement development. By 2010, new dry process cement is to reach 70%. To meet this end, it means an elimination of at least 360 million tons of low-efficient cement.正是所謂的不破不立。2007年，能耗高的中空窯、濕法窯也相繼被淘汰。全 國原有206條濕法窯生產線，生產能力3500萬噸。目前，除了西部少數(shù)煤炭價

18、格相對便宜的地區(qū)尚有500萬噸濕法窯還在生產外，其他地區(qū)已經基本淘汰。 2007年全國淘汰落后水泥熟料生產能力4828萬噸，落后水泥產能8000萬噸。As the saying goes, there s no making without breaking. In 2007, hollow kilns and wet process kilns, which are highly energy-consuming, were eliminated respectively. There used to be 206 wet process kiln production lines with

19、 a production capacity of 35 million tons. At present, with the exception of a 5-million-ton wet process kiln in the west where the price of coal is relatively cheap that is still in production, wet process kilns elsewhere are all basically washed out. The year 2007 witnessed an elimination of 48.28

20、 million tons of low-efficient cement material production and 80 million tons of low-efficient cement production.此外，隨著節(jié)能工程的推進，利用水泥窯進行余熱發(fā)電方興未艾。到2006年 底，全國已建成純低溫余熱發(fā)電生產線24條，裝機容量112780千瓦，實際發(fā)電 能力127300千瓦。2007年上半年，投產18套生產線，裝機容量136500千瓦。 下半年投產31套生產線，裝機容量287800千瓦。全年發(fā)電裝機總容量達到 537080千瓦。水泥工廠利用余熱發(fā)電，對水泥行業(yè)節(jié)能減排起到了

21、非常積極的 作用。Besides, with the promotion of energy-saving project, it s fledgling to use waste heat from cement kilns to generate electricity. By the end of 2006, there had already been 24 power production lines, with an installed capacity of 112,780 kilowatts, and an actual generating capacity of 127,3

22、00 kilowatts. In the first half of 2007, 18 production lines were put under construction, with an installed capacity of 136,500 kilowatts, and in the next half of the year, 31 production lines and an installed capacity of 287,800 kilowatts. The total installed capacity of the whole year is as high a

23、s 537,080 kilowatts. Cement factories using waste heat to generate electricity is highly positive on the cement industry concerning energy saving and emission elimination.熊必琳表示，在對水泥行業(yè)進行規(guī)劃和政策引導的同時，要鼓勵東部地區(qū)發(fā)展 日產4000噸以上規(guī)模的新型干法水泥生產線，中、西部地區(qū)建設新線則一定要 保持在日產2000噸以上規(guī)模。為了掃除行業(yè)發(fā)展的空白點，國家發(fā)展改革委正 在積極推進西藏一條水泥生產線的建設。Xiong