英漢詞語的對(duì)比與翻譯課件

1、英漢詞語的對(duì)比與翻譯增補(bǔ)譯法詞類轉(zhuǎn)換詞義引申第1頁，共16頁。英漢詞語的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系finger, air-conditionerlight industry, light drinkHe was wearing dark glasses, a grey shirt, and a black tie.telecommuters, woopieIt was Friday and soon theyd go out and get drunk.The economy of the four economic tigers in Asia became weak last year.第2頁，共16頁。完

2、全對(duì)應(yīng)-一一對(duì)譯部分對(duì)應(yīng)-根據(jù)上下文，詞語搭配缺乏對(duì)應(yīng)-釋義文化內(nèi)涵不同-歸化，增補(bǔ)文化信息第3頁，共16頁。Exercise:Soft goods, soft job, soft economy, soft fireThere are only five minutes left, I need to go to the rest room.To reduce loss and increase overall profits, the CEO told his product managers to get rid of all the dogs.第4頁，共16頁。增補(bǔ)譯法(1) The

3、equipment should enter production in 2000 with first deliveries being made in 2001.(2) The project has been considerably speeded up.(3) According to the U.S. Commerce Department, the United States foreign debt swelled to $ 263.3 billion in 1986, up from $ 111.9 billion in 1985.(4) The purpose of eng

4、ineering is to create useful goods, to make them better, cheaper and more abundant.(5) Both the buyer and the seller are busy at negotiations of business, contract and draft.(6) A foreign trade staff must have a good foundation in economics, mathematics, statistics, accounting and intercultural comm

5、unication.第5頁，共16頁。(1) The equipment should enter production in 2000 with first deliveries being made in 2001.這種設(shè)備可望在2000年投產(chǎn)，2001年首批交貨。（增加量詞）(2) The project has been considerably speeded up.工程的進(jìn)度大大加快了。（增加名詞，表概念）(3) According to the U.S. Commerce Department, the United States foreign debt swelled to

6、$ 263.3 billion in 1986, up from $ 111.9 billion in 1985.根據(jù)美國商務(wù)部統(tǒng)計(jì)， 美國的外債已從1985年的1119 億美元激增到1986年的2633億美元。（增加動(dòng)詞，邏輯需要）第6頁，共16頁。(4) The purpose of engineering is to create useful goods, to make them better, cheaper and more abundant.工程的目的是要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造有用的物品，使他們的質(zhì)量更好，價(jià)格更便宜，數(shù)量更充足。（語義搭配需要）(5) Both the buyer and th

7、e seller are busy at negotiations of business, contract and draft.買賣雙方正忙于交易磋商，合約談判和匯票議付。(6) A foreign trade staff must have a good foundation in economics, mathematics, statistics, accounting and intercultural communication.一位外貿(mào)人員必須在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，數(shù)學(xué)，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)，會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)和文化交際等五個(gè)方面具有良好的功底。（增加范疇詞，表概括）第7頁，共16頁。詞類轉(zhuǎn)換(1) Conside

8、ring the small amount of goods shipped we agree to make an exception by accepting the payment by D/P.(2) The new contract would be good for ten years.(3) Silk in, and synthetic fibers are out.(4) The conference was on the controversial issues in policy between the clients and insurances companies.(5

9、) We have to make it sure that the remittance of commission made as such is not against local regulations.第8頁，共16頁。(1) Considering the small amount of goods shipped we agree to make an exception by accepting the payment by D/P.鑒于貨運(yùn)量很小，我們同意破例接受付款交單。(2) The new contract would be good for ten years.新的合

10、同有效期為10年。(3) Silk in, and synthetic fibers are out.絲綢時(shí)髦了，而人造纖維失寵了。第9頁，共16頁。(4) The conference was on the controversial issues in policy between the clients and insurances companies.大會(huì)討論了客戶和保險(xiǎn)公司之間在保險(xiǎn)條款方面有爭議的問題。(5) We have to make it sure that the remittance of commission made as such is not against l

11、ocal regulations.我們得確保這樣匯付傭金不違反當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)定。第10頁，共16頁。詞義引申(1) These days, the U.S. economy isnt “graduating enough scientists to fill the need of the coming decades,” frets Charles C. Leighton, “Thats a real concern”.(2) The major problem in manufacture is the control of contamination and foreign materials.

12、(3) Now that the merger of “dot” and “com” has created so many young millionaires, theres a new topic: venture capital.(4) The EECs Common Agricultural policy is a dinosaur which is adding 13.50 a week to the food bill of the average British family. 第11頁，共16頁。(1) These days, the U.S. economy isnt “g

13、raduating enough scientists to fill the need of the coming decades,” frets Charles C. Leighton, “Thats a real concern”.近年來，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)“未培養(yǎng)出足夠的科學(xué)家來滿足今后幾十年發(fā)展的需要”，查爾斯C萊頓抱怨說，“這才是真正需要關(guān)注的問題”。(2) The major problem in manufacture is the control of contamination and foreign materials.生產(chǎn)制造過程中的一個(gè)主要問題是控制污染和雜質(zhì)。第12頁，共16

14、頁。(3) Now that the merger of “dot” and “com” has created so many young millionaires, theres a new topic: venture capital.既然網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司的兼并造就了如此多的百萬富翁，我們面臨一個(gè)新的話題：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本。(4) The EECs Common Agricultural policy is a dinosaur which is adding 13.50 a week to the food bill of the average British family.歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體的農(nóng)業(yè)共同

15、政策早已不合時(shí)宜了，它要使英國家庭平均每周在食品開銷上多支出13.50英鎊。第13頁，共16頁。Exercise:(1) Inspect the instrument carefully for damage when removing it from the protective container.(2) These occurrences are normal, within specifications, and are not indicative of defects in the product.(3) It seems the consumers in poor countri

16、es are greener than those in rich ones.(4) We find difficulty in raising a great number of funds when the government executes the tight money policy.(5) We are exporters of the above goods, having a background of some 30 years.(6) Everyone knows that John lost his shirt when the business he had inve

17、sted failed.第14頁，共16頁。(1) Inspect the instrument carefully for damage when removing it from the protective container.當(dāng)從包裝箱中取出儀器時(shí)，請(qǐng)仔細(xì)檢查有無損壞之處。(2) These occurrences are normal, within specifications, and are not indicative of defects in the product.這些現(xiàn)象都是正常的，符合規(guī)格的，并不表明產(chǎn)品有瑕疵。(3) It seems the consumers in poor countries are greener than those in rich ones.貧困國家的消費(fèi)者似乎比富國的更具有環(huán)保意識(shí)。第15頁，共16頁。(4) We find difficulty in raising a great number of funds when the gover