英語新聞聽力技巧解析課件

1、The Skills for English News ListeningTo know the structure of English news report To memorize the common words used in the English newsTo master a number of AcronymTo know the different pronunciations of same numberTo do the exercise step by stepTo pay attention to the great domestic and foreign eve

2、nts 第1頁，共39頁。掌握新聞報道的結(jié)構(gòu)新聞報道往往采用“倒金字塔體”。所謂“倒金字塔體”，也稱為倒途法，即按新聞事實(shí)重要性的程度由要點(diǎn)到細(xì)節(jié)逐步擴(kuò)展，安排全文。把最重要的事實(shí)置于全文的第一個句子中，這個句子被稱為新聞導(dǎo)語(the news lead)。它告知聽眾最關(guān)心最重要的事實(shí)，如事件(what)、時間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、人物(who)，以及原因和方式(why，how，即新聞導(dǎo)語包含了我們常說的五個WH和一個H構(gòu)成的“新聞六大要素”。新聞導(dǎo)語是整條新聞的高度濃縮形式，聽懂了導(dǎo)語，也就聽懂了新聞的主要內(nèi)容。當(dāng)然，由于新聞報道的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同，有時新聞導(dǎo)語也可能只包含其中幾個要素

3、第2頁，共39頁。 A general pattern in a news story is an inverted-pyramid style. It moves from the most important to the least important. The main idea usually occurs in the first one or two sentences. In long sentences, what can we focus on? Five main wh-elements: English sentence, like a tree, is compose

4、d by the trunk and leaves. Find the trunk and you will see the whole tree and then the wood. 第3頁，共39頁。Oil ministers of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries will hold an emergency meeting Friday.What：An emergency meeting will be heldWhen：FridayWho：Oil Ministers Of the Organization of Pet

5、roleum Exporting Countries第4頁，共39頁。普通詞匯。盡管新聞報道所使用的詞匯量很大，但是語言的基本詞匯是穩(wěn)定的。如VOA廣播中的special English(特別節(jié)目)的新聞報告中常用詞匯約1 500個，這的重復(fù)率在報道中是很高的，如cease-fire，presidential election等政治性詞匯，finance banking group等經(jīng)濟(jì)詞匯以space shuttle，robot等科技詞匯。第5頁，共39頁。專有詞匯(Proper names)。新聞報道是有關(guān)世界范圍的最新消息，因在報道中常涉及許多人名、地名、國名。除此之外，新聞報道中還常常

6、出現(xiàn)一些河流、山脈及名勝古跡等專有名詞熟悉這些專有名詞可使聽者更快更準(zhǔn)確地了解所聽的新聞。Himalayas, Mount Everest, Niles River, Geneva, Ebola, 第6頁，共39頁。由于新聞報道時間的限制，不少機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱常采用其縮略形式，即由該名稱中數(shù)個詞的首字母的大寫形式組成，如：PLO是the Palestine Liberation Organization的縮寫形式。需要注意的是，聽者不僅要了解這些縮略語的確切含義，而且還應(yīng)知道它們的正確讀音APEC, OPEC, IMF, UNESCO, CPPCC, NATO, IOC,IRC, WTO, WHO,

7、 WB第7頁，共39頁。在新聞報道中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)許多數(shù)字，大到幾十億，上百億，小到分?jǐn)?shù)或小數(shù)。尤其對一些多位數(shù)的數(shù)字，要想立刻聽準(zhǔn)這些數(shù)字的確不容易，其主要難點(diǎn)在于位數(shù)過多。因此在聽多位數(shù)的數(shù)字時，應(yīng)對billion(十億)、million(百萬)、thousand(千)、hundred(百)等詞尤為重視。同時，要注意一個數(shù)字的多種讀法，如播音員把兩個足球隊比賽結(jié)果2：0讀作two to nothing而不是讀成two to nought或two to zero152, 489,357 3,695,741,526第8頁，共39頁。目前，許多外臺(如BBC，VOA)的新聞英語報道有特別英語(Spec

8、ial English)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(Standard English)兩種。所謂Special English也可稱為慢速英語，即新聞播放的語速較慢。就VOA而言，慢速英語每分鐘不超過90個單詞，而且新聞報道均是由簡單易懂的英語縮寫的，因此較適合初級階段的新聞英語訓(xùn)練。然而它畢竟有其局限性，只能作為聽力訓(xùn)練的一種手段，而不是新聞英語訓(xùn)練要達(dá)到的最終目的。要想過真正通過新聞英語這一關(guān)，還必須進(jìn)行Standard English的訓(xùn)練。Standard English也可稱為常速英語，即新聞英語是用正常的語速播送的。就VOA而言，常速英語每分鐘為135個單詞，而且句法和詞匯方面的難度也大些。經(jīng)過從

9、慢速英語到常速英語相當(dāng)長一段時間練習(xí)后，收聽新聞英語的能力一定會有很大提高。第9頁，共39頁。平時應(yīng)養(yǎng)成多看報紙，常聽廣播的習(xí)慣，這樣就可以掌國際、國內(nèi)的一些階段性的熱門話題及一些有爭論的問題。若有可能的話，最好在收聽新聞英語之前，先聽一下漢語新聞廣播。對于當(dāng)天國際、國內(nèi)發(fā)生的一些大事做到心中有數(shù)，然后，再收聽外臺的新聞英語報道。由于已有了一定背景知識，這些新聞英語報道就容易聽懂了。當(dāng)然在更高層次上也可以先聽英語新聞，然后驗之以漢語新聞。第10頁，共39頁。收聽英語新聞廣播時有兩點(diǎn)要注意：聽懂英語新聞廣播必須要有一定的聽力理解水平，因?qū)τ谕庹Z初學(xué)者來說，應(yīng)著重提高自己的英語聽力水平，不要急于收

10、聽外臺新聞廣播，到了中高級階段開始收聽英語新聞廣播較為合適。聽者除掌握以上提到的技巧外，還必須多聽多練，持之以恒地堅持聽下去，就能最終達(dá)到“能聽懂外臺英語新聞廣播”這一目標(biāo)。第11頁，共39頁。 It has been nearly three years since President Barack Obama _what has been called the Asia pivot. The term describes increasing attention on East Asia and the Pacific after reducing American _in Iraq an

11、d Afghanistan. This week, President Obama left Washington for a weeklong trip to four Asian countries. The trip aimed to _U.S. support for the security of Asian _and for reducing trade _among Pacific nations. Mr. Obama arrived in Japan Wednesday at a time when a number of allies are concerned about

12、Chinas military_. Many Japanese have noted the failure of the Obama administration to act on its threats to attack Syria. They have seen the administrations _to provide military aid to_. The Japanese are worried that the United States may not come to Japans aid.announcedinvolvementrestatealliesbarri

13、ersexpansionunwillingnessUkraine第12頁，共39頁。 On Thursday, the president said the U.S. would _a defense treaty with Japan if China seizes a _group of islands. The islands are known as Senkaku in Japan and as Diaoyu in China. Mr. Obama spoke after talks with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. The treat

14、y between the United States and Japan _my birth, so obviously this isnt a red line that Im drawing. It is the standard interpretation over multiple administrations of the terms of the alliance, which is that _under the administration of Japan are covered under the treaty. Theres no shift in_. Theres

15、 no red line thats been drawn. Were simply _the treaty.honordisputedpreceded territoriespositionapplying第13頁，共39頁。Listening PracticeExercise One1. Identify the five main wh-elements2. Retell what have you heard 3. Fill in the blanks第14頁，共39頁。 North Korea is threatening to _a new nuclear test in _to

16、a U.N. committees _of alleged human rights abuses by Pyongyang. A UN General Assembly Committee resolution recommends the _refer North Korea to the International Criminal Court for alleged crimes against humanity. North Korea says the resolution is filled with _slanders.conductresponsecondemnationSe

17、curity Council vicious第15頁，共39頁。Exercise Two Listening Dictation A new United Nations report finds the presence of large numbers of sophisticated weapons as well as foreign fighters, including Russian soldiers, are worsening the human rights situation in eastern Ukraine. Lisa Schlein has details: “T

18、his seventh U.N. monthly report on Ukraine shows the situation in the rebel-controlled areas of eastern Ukraine has worsened. The report says more than 4,300 people were killed and more than 9,900 wounded in the conflict-affected areas from mid-April to November 18th. According to the U.N., an avera

19、ge of 13 people have been killed every day since the government and rebels reached agreement on a cease-fire in early September. Lisa Schlein for VOA News, Geneva.第16頁，共39頁。Exercise Three Answer the following questions:1. Whats the President going to do in about three hours?2. Whats purpose of the P

20、residents new plan?3. What does the President think of the immigration policies?4. Where can we hear the Presidents remarks第17頁，共39頁。Exercise Four The United States says new western economic_against Russia for its _in Ukraine will target Moscows defense industry and companies with close links to Pre

21、sident Vladimir Putin. Speaking on US news show Sunday, _national security adviser Tony Blinken said that starting this week, the latest sanctions would _what he called additional pressure on the corporate officials _to Mr.Putin and the companies they control. Earlier sanctions targeted at some bank

22、ing activities and other corporate officials close to Mr. Putin.sanctionsinvolvementdeputyexertclosest Fill in the blanks第18頁，共39頁。Exercise FiveAnswer the following questions:1. What has a grand jury declined to do ?2. Who has been killed and how?3. Where did he die?4. How did the familys lawyer fee

23、l about the decision?第19頁，共39頁。 Fill in the blanks A grand jury in New York has declined to press_charges against a white police officer in connection with the death of an unarmed black man in July. Eric Garner was killed by the policemans_, a practice banned by the New York police department. Nick

24、Bryant reports from New York. “Eric Garners death_widespread outrage after a video of the incident was posted online._ in broad daylight, it clearly shows a white police officer holding the unarmed black man in a_. Eric Garner, who suffered from_, can be heard gasping, “I cant breathe! I cant breath

25、e!”criminal strangleholdsparkedFilmedheadlockasthma第20頁，共39頁。 A second video showed him lying _on the ground, with police and paramedics making no apparent effort to _him. He later died in hospital. The grand jury in Staten Island had been asked to consider whether to _the police officer who held hi

26、m in a headlock, Daniel Pantaleo. But it has decided against bringing any criminal charges. The Garner familys lawyer said he was_.”motionlessreviveindictastonished第21頁，共39頁。Dictation one:The British government has expressed disappointment at Chinas decision to deny a British Parliamentary committee

27、 permission to enter Hong Kong to conduct an inquiry. A British foreign office spokesman said the refusal was not in the spirit of agreements signed 30 years ago for the transfer of Hong Kong sovereignty from Britain to China.第22頁，共39頁。Dictation two: Student leaders and the Hong Kong government have

28、 agreed to hold formal talks about ending the pro-democracy demonstrations which are still blocking some roads in the city. No firm date has been set for the talks. The BBC correspondent in Hong Kong says Beijing has made clear that its unwilling to give up the right to decide who can stand for elec

29、tion as the territorys leader in 2017. The protestors have lifted a blockade of government offices, but hundreds remain on the streets.第23頁，共39頁。Answer the following questions:1. Whats the main idea of this piece of news?2. How many people have been killed?3. What happened after the blast?4. How man

30、y people were injured ? And why?第24頁，共39頁。 A _car bombing in the Iraqi capital Baghdad has killedat least 15 people. Iraqi officials said the bomber blew himself up after _a vehicle cramped with _into a security checkpoint in the Shiite District of Kadhimiya. The blast was _by a mortar fire. The are

31、a in northern Baghdad is the site of a major Shiite shrine. Security sources said a mortar round _near the shrine. More than 30 People were injured.suiciderammingexplosiveslandedfollowed第25頁，共39頁。True or false :1. President Obama says he hopes to see China become prosperous2. The APEC summit was hel

32、d in Shanghai.3. Altogether President Obama visited Asia nine times.4. The short-term tourist and business visa to America can last for one to ten years. 第26頁，共39頁。 President Barack Obama says his government welcomes the rise of a prosperous and peaceful China. He made the comment during a speech to

33、 business leaders at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in Beijing: “This is my sixth trip to Asia as President and my second this year alone. And thats because as Ive said on each of my visits, America is thoroughly a Pacific nation. Weve always had a history with Asia and our future, our

34、 security and our prosperity is inextricably intertwined with Asia.” President Obama also announced a new visa policy with China, one that will increase the validity of short-term tourist and business visas issued to one anothers citizens from one to ten years.第27頁，共39頁。Fill in the blanks: Police an

35、d medical workers man checkpoints on the _of Kenema in Sierra Leone, the site of an Ebola outbreak that is spreading across West Africa. Authorities are forcing people to test for the disease, some _try to avoid detection, _to die in secret. Ebola causes fever, vomiting, bleeding and diarrhea. It is

36、 spread through contact with the blood or other fluids of _people. Doctors say a lack of understanding is contributing to its rapid spread. Porous borders between the infected countries make it difficult to_. The death toll from the outbreak is growing. Doctors warn the response has so far been far

37、from_. Henry Ridgwell, for VOA News, London.outskirtsvictimspreferringinfectedcontainadequate第28頁，共39頁。True or false :1. The French cultural minister hasnt read a single novel2. This years Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to an English.3. Taking up the ministerial post leave no time for her to

38、 read books4. Peoples attitudes toward her explanation are quite different.第29頁，共39頁。 There has been shock in France at the revelation that the countrys culture minister hasnt read a single novel in the past two years. The minister Fleur Pellerin made the admission while being interviewed on the tel

39、evision about the French winner of this years Nobel Prize for literature Patrick Modiano. Our correspondent Lucy Williamson was watching. In the interview yesterday, Mrs. Pellerin described having had a wonderful lunch with the writer in question, Patrick Modiano, but wasnt able to say which of his

40、titles she preferred because she said she hadnt had time to read his books or indeed any others since taking up a ministerial post two years ago. Mrs. Pellerins comments have caused a lively debate on social media with some accusing her of being a technocrat but many sympathize with her situation. O

41、ur correspondent Lucy Williamson was reporting from Paris. 第30頁，共39頁。Multiple choices:1. What does Syrian President think of the UN proposal ?It is meaningless. B. it is useles.s C. it is worthy to be studied. D. it is constructive.2. Whats the goal of the plan?To bring peace to the city in battleTo

42、 distribute some food to the refugee put pressure on the Syrian governmentTo reconstruct the country 3. How many people died in the civil war?20,000 B. 120,000 C. 200,000 D. 12,000第31頁，共39頁。Fill in the blanks: Syrian President Bashar al Assad says a U.N. proposal for a _in rebel-contested Aleppo was

43、 “_ studying.” Mr. Assad says the plan would need to be worked on to achieve its goals of returning security to the_city. The plan envisions a _in fighting to allow for humanitarian aid through a series of small-scale, locally-negotiated_. Syrias three-year civil war has _at least 200-thousand lives

44、.cease-fireworthembattledfreezetrucesclaimed第32頁，共39頁。Dictation:The United Nations Weather Agency has _that the world is on course for the warmest year since records began, which it says _a rising trend consistent with climate change. The Head of the UN Climate Change Secretary Christiana Figueres s

45、aid that high temperatures of vast areas of the ocean surface were _worrying. “The heat is being _by the oceans. There is no doubt that the ocean continues to warm and that on a very very consistent basis, and what it is doing,_, is doing us a little_. They are absorbing the heat that could have gon

46、e to the land and paying the price.”warnedconfirmsparticularlyabsorbedfranklyfavor第33頁，共39頁。Fill in the blanks: An Egyptian court _the Islamic State as a terrorist group. The court said Sunday that it also considers all of the affiliates of the _group to be terrorist organizations, including Ansar B

47、eit al-Maqdis, an Egyptian jihadi group that pledged its _to the Islamic State earlier this month. Meanwhile, Syrian activists say that in the last day at least 50 Islamic State _were killed in the ongoing fight for control of Kobani, a Syrian town just south of the _border. The Syrian Observatory f

48、or Human Rights says the militants were killed in _fighting with Kurdish forces, U.S. _and suicide bomb attacks. Eleven Kurdish forces in Kobani were killed. This is VOA News.designatedinsurgentallegiancemilitantsTurkishintenseairstrikes第34頁，共39頁。Answer the following questions:1. What would happen t

49、o the deposed Egyptian President?2. Where is the President now and why?3. What is a court decision about the President?4. What did the students do on Sunday ?第35頁，共39頁。The lawyer for deposed Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak says he could soon be freed, having served two-thirds of a _sentence and cle

50、ared in the deaths of anti-government demonstrators in 2011. Mr. Mubarak, now 86 years old, is being held in a military hospital, serving a three-year sentence in the _case. But his attorney says the former Egyptian leader could be _early under a new Egyptian _that frees prisoners after they have se

51、rved two-thirds of their sentences. Egyptian authorities say two people were killed and nine injured Saturday night in protests following a court decision to drop murder charges against Mr. Mubarak in the 2011 _in Cairo that led to his _He also was _of a separate corruption charge. Hundreds of stude

52、nts protested on Sunday at universities throughout Egypt.corruptiongraftreleasedprovisionuprisingouster.acquitted第36頁，共39頁。Multiple choices:1. What is the purpose of the talks in the next few month ?To negotiate about the disagreement To discuss the world security situationC. To provide some financial aids. D. To normalize the realtionships.2. What did America think of Cuba before?A state sponsor of terr