高中英語語法詞匯專項(xiàng)指導(dǎo)

1、高三英語語法詞匯專項(xiàng)指導(dǎo)nJ英 語 語 法 詞 匯 專 項(xiàng) 指 導(dǎo)高三英語語法詞匯專項(xiàng)指導(dǎo)2019年高考英語（上海卷）語法和詞匯部分旨在考察考生的英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，以及在具體語境中正確理解和靈活運(yùn)用語法和詞匯等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的能力。從2014年起，語法部分啟用新題型，即用短文填空的形式取代原來單句形式的多項(xiàng)選擇題。語法填空更加體現(xiàn)考生在語境中靈活運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)的能力著實(shí)是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。一、考核要求：根據(jù)上海市高中英語學(xué)科基本要求中的規(guī)定，語法和詞匯部分的具體考核內(nèi)容如下：.語法填空：詞法，包括動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、介詞、代詞、冠詞等。句法,包括簡(jiǎn)單句，主從復(fù)合句。從句包括名詞性從句、定語從句和狀

2、語從句。.十一選十：詞匯的基本意義、常用搭配、語境中的運(yùn)用、英語構(gòu)詞（合成、派生、轉(zhuǎn)化）。二、語法填空.考點(diǎn)解讀高考中的語法填空共 10題，分為給括號(hào)關(guān)鍵詞和不給關(guān)鍵詞兩種，根據(jù)考點(diǎn)分布可以用下面兩張圖呈現(xiàn)：語法填空考點(diǎn)解讀R舊口岫H匚man /m一注意部畫慰劭同的過去式語法填空考點(diǎn)解讀值得注意的是，不給關(guān)鍵詞時(shí)，一格限定只能填一詞。.真題點(diǎn)播So ambition and the timely realization (21)he would have to determine whats next on his own urged Jason to engage his future se

3、lf to find direction.答案：that.這里考察以that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，首先要找到主句的謂語urged,主語為ambition and thetimely realization,同位語從句補(bǔ)充說明了realization的具體內(nèi)容。As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities (27)got him closer to his goal.答案：that/which,此題考察定語從句的使用。(29)scared to death, he looked confident at the gallery meeting

4、.高三英語語法詞匯專項(xiàng)指導(dǎo)答案：Though/While/Although.此題考察狀語從句中連詞十分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，省略了從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞?？忌€應(yīng)注意首字母的大小寫。Jason set up a plan that in five years he (23)(show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country.答案：would show/ would be showing. 此題考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，由于set是過去式，加上in five years這個(gè)表示將來的時(shí)間狀語，空格處的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用過去將來時(shí)。By setting t

5、his goal, all of Jasons efforts(25)(point) in the same direction.答案：had been pointed/had pointed/were pointing/pointed/were pointed 。 此題考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。He was faced with the choice of sitting back to wait for something(22) (happen) , or pursuing a path into the unknown.答案：to happen.此題考察動(dòng)詞的非謂語中的不定式，考生應(yīng)記住

6、wait for sth./sb. to do的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，以及happen一般不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(28)(inspire), Jason spent the next month making new work.答案：Inspired.此題考察動(dòng)詞的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，找到主語后即可填出。He struck while the iron was hot , and in (30) (do)so, shortened his five -year plan into a year-and-a-half.答案：doing.此題考察介詞in后加動(dòng)名詞的用法。This five -year goal gave hi

7、m a starting point (24)which to work backwards.答案：from/on/at/after.此題考察定語從句中介詞+which的搭配。He showed up at different art show openings, and researched as best he could to make(26) familiar with the market environment.答案：himself.此題考察的是反身代詞的用法，作為句子的賓語并有強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用。.復(fù)習(xí)建議：1）夯實(shí)語法基礎(chǔ)，尤其是三大復(fù)合句（名從、定從、狀從），熟練掌握連詞的用法和意義

8、，尤其重點(diǎn)掌握what和that的區(qū)別。2）謂語非謂語填空就題出發(fā) ，涉及到現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的邏輯主語的問題，非謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)問題。3）注意兩空三空詞匯的積累和運(yùn)用。4）注意上下文語境的理解。5）重視拼寫，如動(dòng)詞的過去式不規(guī)則變化。二、十一選十（詞匯）1、真題分析（18、19年上海高考）高三英語語法詞匯專項(xiàng)指導(dǎo)一詞匯雌考察意思考察搭配A. countingv.數(shù)，計(jì)算非謂語B. determinedadj.確定的副詞+形容詞C. distractionn.注意力不集中名詞+介詞fromD. cnvironmcnral河環(huán)購修詞+名詞E. focusa聚焦形容詞十名詞I. moderate

9、v.緩和，調(diào)整動(dòng)詞+名詞G. modifiedadj/v.調(diào)整了的/調(diào)整H- naturallyadv.自然地，天生地副詞十形容詞L performing帆表現(xiàn)構(gòu)詞:high-performing表現(xiàn)好的J. worseningV.惡化/K.comprehensivelyadv.全面地副詞事動(dòng)詞詞匯同性考察意思考察搭a己A, repetitiveadj.重復(fù)性的系表結(jié)構(gòu)：系動(dòng)詞+二詞B. continuallyadv.不斷地副過+動(dòng)詞.C alertsV.使一髏動(dòng)詞短語：動(dòng)詞+名詞D. patternn.模式冠詞+形容詞+名詞E. kKateV.定位動(dòng)詞短語：動(dòng)詞十名詞F. mcnmladj.

10、腦力的形套詞,名詞(i. challengen.挑戰(zhàn)形容詞十名詞H. networkV.建立人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)動(dòng)詞短語：動(dòng)詞十名詞1 evolvingV逐.發(fā)展動(dòng)名詞士名詞J. reverselyadv.相反地/K. literacyn.識(shí)字形容詞+名詞高三英語語法詞匯專項(xiàng)指導(dǎo)詞匯詞性考察意思考察搭配A. cuimnittcdV.致力于commit ouosW 致力于B. comparedvtvast過去分詞做狀語C. contactn.聯(lián)系介詞+名詞D. delegationii r代表團(tuán)形容詞十名運(yùn)E. destructiveadj.毀滅性的冠詞+形容值+名詞K humbleadj.謙虛的G. n

11、egDtiatqVB談判,協(xié)商不定式to十動(dòng)i司H rcspcllcdV.重新拼寫be動(dòng)詞詞+避去分詞1. similarityn.相似處，類似處形容詞十名運(yùn)1J. superiorsn.上級(jí)，級(jí)別高人介詞+名詞K. witnessedV,目擊，目睹完rfixl r had + J2、?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)和真題回顧A.動(dòng)詞+名詞A. committedB. comparedC. contactD. delegationE. destructiveF. humbleG. negotiateH. respelledI. similarityJ. superiorsK. witnessedHe was impr

12、essed, saying .all the soldiers _35_ themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over.答案：A. committed這里考察了 committed作為分詞后置修飾soldiers的結(jié)構(gòu)，考生需要記住 sb. becommitted to/ sb. commit oneself to 這詞組，表示某人致力于做某事。A. repetitiveB. continuallyC. alertsD. patternE. locateF. mentalG. challengeH. netwo

13、rkI. evolvingJ. reverselyK. literacyThe app has a panic button that 35 everybody in the neighborhood when a crime is happening.答案：C. alertsIt doesnt matter if you are working in the cafeteria or the inspection line of a plant, companies will now高三英語語法詞匯專項(xiàng)指導(dǎo)only hire people who can 37 problems and or

14、ganize responses.答案：E. locateB.系動(dòng)詞+過去分詞（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）A.committedB. comparedC. contactD. delegationE. destructiveF. humbleK. witnessedG. negotiateH. respelledI. similarityJ. superiorsThe modern form of the word- typhoon - was influenced by the Cantonese bto make it appearmore Greek.答案：H. respelled.考生需要注意構(gòu)詞法，

15、這里是re-前綴加spell表示再次拼寫。相同構(gòu)詞的單詞有 restart, replay 等等。C.系動(dòng)詞+形容詞A. repetitiveB. continuallyC. alertsD. patternE. locateF. mentalG. challengeH. networkI. evolvingJ. reverselyK. literacyBut these days machines can do pretty much anything thats 32答案:A. repetitive.D.（限定詞） +形容詞+名詞1）A.committedB. comparedC. con

16、tactD. delegationE. destructiveF. humbleG. negotiateH. respelledI. similarityJ. superiorsK. witnessedIn English, a typhoon is a very powerful and _37_ storm that occurs around the China Sea and in theSouth Pacific.答案：E. destructiveAs the story goes, Lord Macartney refused for his _33_ to do more tha

17、n bend their knees.答案：D. delegation.這里要注意后面their提示此空中的單詞應(yīng)該表示一群人。2)A. repetitiveB. continuallyC. alertsD. patternE. locateF. mentalG. challengeH. networkI. evolvingJ. reverselyK. literacy6高三英語語法詞匯專項(xiàng)指導(dǎo)Bill Drayton believes we re in the middle of a necessary but painful historical transition. For mille

18、nniums most peoples lives had a certain 31.答案：D. patternCognitive empathy is the ability to perceive how people are feeling in 36 circumstances.答案： I. evolvingE.副詞修飾動(dòng)詞或者形容詞A. repetitiveF. mentalB. continuallyG. challengeC. alertsH. networkD. patternI. evolvingE. locateJ. reverselyK. literacyChangemakers are people who can see the patterns around them, identify the problems in any situation, figure out ways