外研版初三英語上冊九年級上冊知識點歸納

1、Module 1 Wonders of the world一、知識點梳理Which two are natural wonders?wonder/w?nd?/n.奇觀；奇跡例：We all know the Great Wall is an ancient wonder.眾所周知,長城是古代奇觀?！究键c】 wonder n. 奇跡；奇觀 wonderful adj.令人驚奇的；奇妙的wonderfully adv.令人，原奇地；彳艮好地【重難點】 (Its) no wonder 難怪； 并不奇怪；當然例：No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eatin

2、g sweets all dayt怪他不餓，他整天在吃糖果. wonder vi (常與 at,that 連用)覺得奇怪； 驚奇例：I wonder at his rudeness.我對他的粗魯感到奇怪.wonder vt納悶； 想知道例：He wondered why people built ugly homes, when they could have beautiful ones.他彳艮奇怪為 什么人們本可以造出漂亮的房屋，而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子來.I wonder why James is always late for school.我想知道為什么詹姆斯上學總是遲到 .Lets

3、call Wonders of the World and join in the discussion.discussion/d?sk?n!討論；商討例：I knew how to do it after the discussion.討論后我知道該怎么做了?！究键c】 discussion的動詞形式為discuss。have a discussion with sb. 意為 和某人討論“。under discussion 意為 討論中”?！就卣埂吭~義辨析：argue, quarrel, debate, dispute, discuss些動詞均含“辯論，爭論，說理”之意.argue:指提出理由

4、或證據(jù)為自己或自己一方的看法或立場辯護 ，著重說理、論證和企圖說服. quarrel指兩人之間或兩個團體之間不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大聲爭論某事，尤指“吵嘴、吵架”debate:側重指意見等對立的雙方之間正式或公開的爭辯 .dispute:側重對分歧進行激烈或熱烈的爭論或爭辯，帶一定感情色彩，常隱含“各持已見”或“爭 論不休”意味.discuss:最常用詞指就某一或某些問題表明觀點、看法等，以便統(tǒng)一認識，解決問題.I think natural wonders are more interesting than manmade ones.I think.我認為例：I think you had b

5、etter finish your homework on time.我認為你最好按時完成作業(yè)。【考點】I dont think.是否定前移的用法。即主句的謂語動詞用否定形式，而從句的謂語動詞 用肯定形式。例：I dont think I know you.我想我并不認識你。重難點 否定前移的 5個常用詞： 我認為(think)猜想(suppose舊想象(imagine)都不可相信 (believe),我期彳寺(expect)你的回答。So I m not suaeree with you.agree with 同意例：Im afraid I cant agree with you.恐怕我不能

6、同意你的觀點。【考點】agree with后面跟人作賓語，通常用于贊成某人的觀點等，表示同某人意見一致。(1)agree to意為 同意”，后接表示 計劃、提議、辦法、安排”等的詞。例：agree to my plan同意我的計劃(2)agree to do sth.同意做某事例： We agree to go swimming.我們同意去游泳。That sounds greatthough I think Victoria Falls in Africa is even more fantastic.though/e ?/ conj.雖然；盡管；然而；可是例：Though it was ra

7、ining, we went there.雖然下著雨，我4還是去了刃LL?！究键c】though 盡管”，弓I導讓步狀語從句。 though =although/even though。【重難點】 but 不能和 though, even though 或 although 同時出現(xiàn)在個句子中。例：Though it was late, he still went on working.=It was late. He still went on working, though.=It was late, but he still went on working.雖然天色已晚，但是他仍然繼續(xù)工作

8、。Its about 1,700 metres wide and 100 metres high.1,700 metres wide 1700 米寬例：Victoria Falls is about 1,700 metres wide.維多利亞瀑布大約 1700 米寬?！究键c】數(shù)詞+表示單位的名詞+形容詞（長/寬/高/深/重）在英語中表示長度、寬度、高度、【重點】數(shù)詞與表示單位的名詞之間用連字符連接時，單位名詞用單數(shù)形式。例：two-day off 兩天的休息【難點】 對長度等提問用：How + 長/寬/高/深/重 + be+sth. ? 提問多遠用 how far?！就卣埂考嬗袃煞N形式的副詞

9、deep與 deeplydeep意思是深，表示空間深度；deeply時常表示感情上的深度，深深地例：He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.high 與 highlyhigh表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當于 much例:The plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.wide 與 widelywide表示空間寬序；widely意用星”廣泛地.”在許多地方”例：He opened the door wid

10、e.English is widely used in the world.You can hear thdoud noise a few kilometres away.loud /la?d/ adj.（聲音）響亮的例：I cant hear what you said. Please speak in a loud voice考點】作形容詞，在句中作定語或 表語。指音量比平常大得多，暗示過分強烈和突出。例：I heard a loud shout outside.我聽見外面有人大叫一聲?！局仉y點】loud, loudly, aloud這三個詞都可作副詞，但用法卻不同loud副詞:與loud

11、ly同意；形容詞：“響亮的”、“大聲的”或“高聲的”loudly副詞，“喧鬧地”或“嘈雜地” ；“口便地”；含有 喧鬧”的意味。aloud副詞,、出聲地，強調 出聲”，即把話說出來，發(fā)出的聲音能被聽見， 意思為“出聲地”，而不是在心里默默地 說”，通常與動詞read, speak, think 等動詞連用。如：read aloud朗讀 think aloud自言自語地說 大聲地”,通常與動詞cry, laugh, shout, call等動詞連用例：Facts speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。Read aloud so that we can all hear y

12、ou大聲讀，以便我們大家者B能聽至I。Dont talk so loudly.說話聲音不要這么大。But in my opinion, manmade wonders are more exciting than natural ones.in ones opinion按某人的觀點，據(jù)某人看來例： Who, in your opinion, is the best football player in the world today? 在你看來, 誰是當今世 界上最好的足球運動員？【考點】in ones opinion中的ones可以用不同的形容詞性物主代詞，也可以用名詞的所有格 代替， 如：

13、 Janes, Mums, my teacher葬。例：In Marys opinion, Jim is a lazy boy.在瑪麗看來，吉姆是個懶男孩。To some degree, Lingling agrees with Tony about the Giants Causeway, though she thinks Victoria Falls is more fantastic.to some degree 在某種程度上例：To some degree, English is easier than Chinese1某種程度上說，英語比漢語更簡單。to some degree 也

14、可寫作 to a certain degree, 其同義短語為 to some extent。例：To some degree I think he is right.在某種程度上，我認為他是正確的。I got out of the car,went through a gate and walked along a dark path.get out of從出來/離開例：He got out of the taxi.他下了出租車。【考點】表示 上小汽車用get into ,下小汽 車”用 get out of, 而 上火車、公共汽車、飛機 等“用 get on, 反義詞組為 get off。

15、After about a mile, a stranger appearedeside the path.beside /b?sa?d/prep在旁邊例：The girl is reading a book beside the lak睡個女孩正在湖邊讀書?！疽族e點】beside與besides的區(qū)分，besides意為 除了，還有，beside意為 在的旁邊”。“Yes” heeplied.reply/r?pla?/ v 回答例：Have you replied to his letter? 你給他回信了嗎？【考點】reply還可作名詞、意為 回答：答復例：I have received

16、no replylfe還沒得到答復?！局仉y點】辨析reply與answerreply為正式用語，多指經過考慮的、有針對性的、詳細例：I didnt answer Tom but I replied to Mike.我沒有答復湯姆，但答復J邁克。的回答，常用作不及物動詞，和介詞 to連用，其賓語常為名詞或代詞。answer既可作及物動詞，乂可作/、及物動詞，常指口頭或書面的回答，是一般用語。answer可中為 應答”之類的意義。The sunrose behind me and shone on the rocks.rise /ra?z/ v.升起；（情感）增強例：The sun rises i

17、n the east and sets in the wes，例陽從東方升起, 在西方落下。【考點】辨析rise與raiseraise及物動詞，強調主語發(fā)出的動作是On Monday morning, we watched the children raise the national flag, and we saw it rise slowly in the wind.星期一早 上，我們觀看了孩子們升國旗，我們看 到國旗在風中徐徐升也。作用于其他事物的。rise/、及物動詞、表示由低到高的變化過程、強調主語自身移tn凌高位置。一14. Far below me, the groundfel

18、l away and down to a river.below /b?l?/ prep.在 的下面【考點】below可表示 位置、職位在之下”，也可表示 數(shù)量、年齡、程度等在以下”。例：The temperature today is 5 degrees below zero41氣溫是零下 5 度?！局仉y點】辨析below與underbelow 指位置低于某物或在某物的下方、但不一定在某物的正下方、反義詞是 above；而 under指在正下方、反義詞是 over?？谠E巧記above表示在上方，below恰好在下方若表正上用 over, under表示正下方。fall away 突然向下傾斜

19、 例：Beyond the hill, the land falls away towards the river.山那邊地面向河邊傾斜而下?！就卣埂縡all over倒下；倒塌I remained by the canyon for about half an hour.remain /r?me?n/v.逗留，留下；仍然是；剩下例：It remained a secret這仍然是個秘密。【考點】remain用作連系動詞，指某人或某事物仍保持某種狀態(tài)，后面可接名詞、形容詞、 介詞短語等作表語。例：remain modest保持謙虛【重難點】用作不及物動詞，意為 遺留”，不能用于進行時態(tài)。例：A

20、fter the fire, very little of his house remained.火災之后，他的房子所剩無幾。Which direction was the writer facing while she was looking over the Grand Canyon?face /fe?s/ v面對，面向；正視（現(xiàn)實）；承認例：She turned and faced him.她轉過身，面對著他?！究键c】關于face的常用短語：face to face 面對面make faces做鬼臉I(yè)t was probably a place to bury dead people o

21、r a place to study the stars and the sky at night.There aredozens of stones, and they are different in height.dozens of 許多【考點】 dozen表示 打，十二個”的意思，而 score表示 七十”的意思。例：two dozen 二十四 two score 四十【重難點】 dozen與數(shù)詞，many, several連用修飾名詞復數(shù)時，都要用原形。dozens of連用時，表示不確切的數(shù)量，意為 許多，很多”。Module 2 Public holidays.知識點梳理foun

22、d /fa?nd/v.倉立；倉建例：The business company was founded in 1994這家商業(yè)公司建立于 1994 年?！究键c一】found主要用作及物動詞。其后可接學校、城堡、醫(yī)院、公司、機構、組織、國家 等名詞或代詞作賓語，也可用于被動結構?！究键c二】find和found辨析單詞漢語總思過去式過去分詞find發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到foundfoundfound創(chuàng)立，創(chuàng)建foundedfoundedall kinds of 各種各樣的例：They sell all kinds of things.他們出售各種各樣的東西?！究键c一】kind為可數(shù)名詞，意為 種類”。diffe

23、rent kinds of 不同種類的a kind of 種of a kind同一種類的【考點二】kind of意為 宥點”，其后常跟形容詞例：Im kind of hungry. Could you give me some food?我有點餓了。你能給我些食物嗎?take a vacation 去度假例：They always take vacations in Europe們總是去歐洲度假?！究键c】 vacation, holiday 與 day offvacation指正式規(guī)定的假期。holiday表示可長可短的假期或紀念某件事的節(jié)假日。day off表示工作日時候的請假。例：Im g

24、oing to Australia for a holiday.我打算去澳大利亞度假。I will have two days off.我將請兩天假。somewhere nice 某個好地方【考點】some構成的副詞與形容詞連用時，形容詞需放在some構成的副詞的后面例：He wants to go somewhere warm.他想去某個暖和的地方。somewhere某個地方anywhere任何地方nowhere沒有地方everywhere至U處among /?m?/ prep.在之中例：I found him among the crowd我在人群之中找到了他?！究键c】 辨析 among與

25、betweenamong用于三個或二個以上的人或物之中，或籠統(tǒng)的一群人或一些物之中，表示在中間”，其賓語通常是一個表示籠統(tǒng)數(shù)量或具有復數(shù) /集體意義的名詞 或代詞。between一般指 兩者之間”，也可以用來指三個或三個以上的人或物中的每兩個之間。例：The woman teacher is between two pots of flowers這位女老師在兩盆花中間。The woman teacher is among some flowers and cat這位女老師在些花和貓之間。in the seventeenth century 在十七世紀【考點】英語世紀和年代表達法(1)世紀可以用

26、定冠詞加序數(shù)詞加 century表示。eg: the eighteenth century十八世紀(2)世紀十年代是由定冠詞和基數(shù)詞表示的世紀加十位整數(shù)的復數(shù)形式構成。eg: in the nineteenthirties/1930s在二十世紀三十年代die /da?/v死;死亡例：His father died five years ago五年前他父親去世了。【考點】辨析die, dying和deathdyingdying既是die的現(xiàn)在分詞，也是一個形 容詞，意為 將要死的，瀕臨死亡的The doctor is operating on a dying monkey.death是名詞，意為

27、死亡”。It was a matter of life and death.這是 生死彳皮關的事情。following /f?l?/ adj.接著的；接下來的例：the following day 第二天【考點一】following為形容詞，常用來作定語，其動詞形式為follow,意為跟上”。例：Sorry, I cant follow you. Could you speak slowly?對不起，我沒有聽明白。你能說慢一點兒 嗎？【考點二】區(qū)分following與nextfollowing和next前常加定冠詞the, the following指緊隨其后的，有一定的順序性；the nex

28、t 指接下來的或下一個。lay /le?/v.擺放【考點】辨析lie和laylie躺，平放過去式是lay,過去分詞是lain,現(xiàn)在分詞是lying。說謊過去式和過去分詞均為lied,現(xiàn)在分詞是lying。lay放置，卜蛋過去式和過去分詞均為laid,現(xiàn)在分詞為laying o巧記lie與lay規(guī)則的撒謊，不規(guī)則的躺；躺過的就下蛋，下蛋不規(guī)則。lie 一lied -lied flyingslie 一 lay 一 lain 一 lying 位于lay -laid -laid -layingS, 下蛋receive/r?si?v/v.收到；接到例：I received a letter from m

29、y friend.我收至U了朋友的封來信?！究键c】辨析receive與acceptreceive被動地收到“或接到”We havent received his letter for a long time. 我 們很久沒有收到他的來信了。accept主動地接受”She was very glad to accept the invitation 她非常 愉快地接受了邀請。for example 例如例：I like fruit. For example, I often eat bananas in the evening喜歡水果， 例如我經常在晚上吃 香蕉?！究键c】such as for

30、example與 likesuch as一般用于列舉同類人或事物中的幾個作為例子，但必須少于前面所提及的總數(shù)，位置只能在列舉名詞之前。for example一般用于列舉同類人或事物中的一個作為例子，位置靈活，可位于句首、 句中或句木。like常用來舉例，可與such as互換，但such as可以分開使用，此時/、口與like 互換。12. apart from 除之外【考點】apart from根據(jù)上下文含義的不同，既可以等同于besides也可以等同于except和except for。例：Apart from them, I had no one to talk to除了他們，我沒有人可

31、以說話。I will invite you to come with me我將邀請你跟我一起去。invite為動詞，意為 邀請”。例：Did Jim invite you last night ? 昨晚吉姆邀請你了嗎？考點invite sb.to do sth.邀請某人做某事例：He invited Mary to have dinner.他邀請瑪麗吃晚餐。拓展invite 的名詞形式為 invitation 邀請函； 請?zhí)?“，常與介詞 to 連用。例：Jane received arinvitation to a party just now.才簡收至U了個聚會邀請函。He has ove

32、r ten years teaching experienced 有十多年的教學經驗?！究键c】作為動詞，experience意為 經歷”。例：He hasexperienced a lot of things in America.他在美國經歷了許多的事情。作為名詞時，分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。/、可數(shù)名詞意為經驗”He has rich experience in teaching.他在教學上有豐富的經驗?？蓴?shù)名詞意為經歷”My uncle has many unusuaexperiences.我的叔叔有許多不尋常的經歷。Have you ever visitedanother countr

33、y?another作為限定詞時，表示“又一；再一 ”，而作為代詞時，表示“另一個”。例：Could you answer me another question?你能再回答我一個問題嗎？考點“ another基數(shù)詞+名詞”表示“再”,等同于“基數(shù)詞+ more +名詞”。例： We wantedanother three books.=We wanted three more books我們想再要三本書What are you up to ?【考點】be up to sth.表示“正在做某事，忙于某事”例：I havent seen you these days. Whatre you up

34、to?這些天我都沒有見到你。你在做什么呢?【重點】be up to sb.由某人決定例：Which one do you want? Itis up to you.你想要哪一個？你決定吧。farther/fa ?ed?（&）adv.更遠【辨析】farther與furtherfarther表示距離或時間上 更遠（的）；可用于比較級句子中，與than連用。例：I cant go anyfarther .我再也走不動了。further可以表示距離或時間上“更遠（的），還可以表示抽象意義的“更多的，更講一步的而farther不能這樣用。例：I have nothing further to say.我

35、沒有更多要說的了。Module 4知識點。:現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來:當表示計劃好或準備要做某事時，可用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來例： Jim is going boating this afternoon 。 吉姆今天下午要去劃船Are they all coming tomorrow? 他們明天都要來嗎？例： Dad the USA in two weeks .A, is leave for B, leaves for C, is leaving for D, left for二 ， so 引導的倒裝句So+be 動詞 /助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語：表示前面所說的情況也適用于另一個人或物be 動詞/助動詞/

36、情態(tài)動詞，要和前一句的謂語動詞保持一致。此處的 so 和副詞“這樣，這么”及連詞“因此，所以”不同，在這個句型中， so 常用來代替上文中的形容詞，名詞，或動名詞，表示贊同。例： She is an English teacher .So am I .He can swim ,and so can I.例： Sandy likes English best .She reads the texts every day .A, So does Jim B, So Jim does C, So Jim is D, So is Jim三：so +主語+謂語 和so +謂語+主語 的區(qū)別：當兩個句子指

37、的是兩個人時， so 后句子用倒裝例： He is a student .So am I .他是一個學生。我也是。當兩個句子指的是同一個人時， so 后句子不倒裝。例： Lucy likes dark blue . So she does . 路西喜歡深藍色。確實如此。例： exciting news it is ! Disneyland in Shanghai has opened to the public!.We plan to go there this summer holiday.A, What an ; So is it . B, What ;So it is . C, How

38、;So it is . D, How; So is it .四， as 和 like 作介詞的用法As 用作介詞， “作為，當作”例： I found a job as a guide .Like 用作介詞， like 前邊一般要有be 動詞，翻譯為“像。 。 。 ”例： The baby is like his mother .=The baby looks like his mother .例：作為一名作家，他很有名。a writer, he was .湯姆的相貌像他父親。Tom his father in looks.五： turn on/off 表示打開/關掉收音機，電燈，水龍頭等六：

39、1， another “另外一個，再一。 。 ” ，是泛指，而不是特指.指同類中的任何一個，常用來指至少三個中的一個，也可指在原有基礎上再累加一個。例： I dont like this room. Let s ask for another .2， The other “另一個” ，是特指，指兩個人或物中的另一個。常用于 one .the other 結構中例： There are two apples on the table .One is big ,and the other is small.3,the others 是 the other 的復數(shù)形式，指代其余的或剩下的人或事物，為

40、代詞。例： There are five pencils on the table .Two are mine ,and the others are Dick s.I went swimming while the others played tennis .4,other “其他的，另外的，別的” ，后面接名詞復數(shù)，表示泛指例： Did you see any other films ?5, others泛指其他的，另外的或別白人或事物，常用于 someothers結構中。例： some people came by car ,and others came on foot .例： Ann

41、 is here ,but girls are still in the playground.He finished his sandwich and asked for .Mr Wang and Miss Gao and three teachers were in the office .He always think of ,but he never think of himself.He is the only person who has been to England in our class .None of have been there.七：sothat和suchthat

42、引導的結果狀語從句：“如此。以至于。“So 后接形容詞或副詞， such 后所接內容中心詞是名詞， that 后面是一個完整的句子。例： She is so beautiful that many people like her .It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home.兩種句型可以互相轉換：例： He is so young a boy that he can t go to school .=He is such a young boy that he can t go to school .Sothat與such

43、that的肯定形式可用 enoughto 改寫，其否定形式可用tooto 改寫例： English is so useful that we must learn it well .=English is useful enough for us to learn well .I m so tired that I can t go any farther .=I m too tired to go any farther .例： Why didn t you write down what the teacher said ?Because she spoke fast I couldn t

44、 follow her .A, too ;to B, very :that C, enough; to D, so ; that八： although 和 though 引導的讓步狀語從句：讓步狀語從句常由連詞 though ,although , 或 even if 引導Although 和 though 都有“雖然，盡管”之意，在口語中 though 較常使用， although 比 though 正式，二者 都可與 yet 或 still 連用，但不能與 but 連用例： Though he has never been to the USA, he is interested in i

45、t .Though I believe it ,yet I must consider. 雖然我相信這一點，但我必須考慮考慮。Although /Though he was exhausted, he (still )kept on working .Although/Though he is very old ,(yet)he is quite strong.Although 引導的讓步狀語從句位于主句之前的情況較多Though 引導的讓步狀語從句可位于主句之前或主句之后She passed the examination though she hadn t studied very har

46、d .例： riding shared bikes is an environmentally friendly way to travel ,many of the bikes are throwneverywhere .A, Although B, As C, Unless D, UntilModule 5 知識點一： Me too. 和 So do II m 16 years old .Me too .=So am I .I usually walk to school .Me too .=So do I .Me too 表示的是和別人一樣的意思，通常不含有動作的意思。例： I woul

47、d like a cup of coffee.Me too .So do I 。 一般表示一個人說他做了什么，另外一個人表示自己也做了同樣的動作，使用范圍比 Me too 小。二： against 的用法：是介詞，不是動詞1， 表示“反對” ，反義詞是“ for ” .表示強烈反對，用副詞strongly 修飾 against例： Are you for or against the plan?Public opinion is strongly against his visit to the country.2,表示位置， “靠著，倚，碰，襯托”例：The teacher s desk i

48、s against the wa&位老師的桌子靠墻放著He stood leaning against the tree .他站著，倚靠在樹上。例： One of the opinions smoking is that it is harmful to people s health.A, for B, against C, at D, in三： why not ?=why don t you ?s quite near .Why not go to the park on foot ? ItAll right !Why not ask Mr. Wu to help us ?Because

49、he is busy now .四： no wonder 的用法：No wonder +(that) 從句 =It is no wonder +(that ) 從句： “難怪。 。 。 ”Tom has been eating sweets all day .No wonder he is very fat .例;It is no wonder that the children love to visit the farm.that the children love to visit the farm.五： go ,lost ,missing , 的區(qū)別：Gone :“不復存在，用完了”，

50、含一去不復返的意思，作表語或賓補，不可以作定語。Lost : “丟失的，迷路的” ，含難以找回的意思，可作定語，表語或賓補。Missing: “失蹤的，丟失的” ，強調某人或某物不在原處，可作定語，表語或賓補例： My fever is gone ,but I still have a cough .The parents found the lost child at last .My dictionary is missing .who s taken it away ?The police searched far and wide for the .六： compare 的用法：1，

51、compare A with B: “把。 。跟。 。比較” ，一般用于兩個同類事物之間，著重區(qū)別How does your computer compare with mine ?2, compare A to B “把。 。 。比作。 。 。 ”He compared the girl to the moon in the poem .例：別老是拿我和別人作比較。Do not always me others ,please!例：他們都開始把他比作雷鋒。They all started to him Lei Feng .七： make sure 的用法：Make sure : “弄清，查明

52、，核實” ，常用于祈使句，后面常接從句或 of 短語Make sure +that 從句： “查明，確保”例： I make sure (that )he will come .Make sure of +代詞 /名詞：“弄明白，確保”Make sure of his coming before you set off .八： all 和 whole 的區(qū)別：1，意思相近，位置不同： all 放在冠詞，指示代詞，物主代詞之前Whole 放在冠詞，指示代詞，物主代詞之后例： all the family =the whole family 全家2， 在復數(shù)名詞前一般用 all ，在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前

53、一般用 whole例： All my friends are poor.The whole building was burning .3,在表地點的專有名詞前，一般用all 而不用 whole ,但可用 the whole of例： all China =the whole of China .All (the )day/week/month/year =the whole dayAll (the )spring =the whole spring但在表示時間的名詞 hour 和 century 之前，一般用 whole ,不用 all例： I waited for her a/the wh

54、ole hour.例：一晚上他只說了兩個字。He spoke only two words.九： “ if 從句+陳述句”與“祈使句+連詞+陳述句”之間的轉換1， 祈使句 +or+ 陳述句 例： Let s move the stone ,or it may cause an accident.=If we don t move the stone ,it may cause an accident.2,祈使句+and/or+ 陳述句例： Use your head, and then you ll find a way.=If you use your head ,you ll find a

55、 way .Module 6 知識點一， too much 和 much too 的區(qū)別：too much 的中心詞是much ,用法與 much 相同，用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。例： She spent too much money on clothes .Much too 的中心詞是too ,用法與too 相同，用來修飾形容詞原級，或副詞原級例： I m afraid that this cap is much too big for me .例： The new kind of car is dear. I don t have money .A, too much; much too B,

56、much too ;too much C, too much ;too much D, much too ;much too二：否定轉移：當 believe ,think ,suppose ,imagine ,expect, 等動詞后接的賓語從句為含有not 的否定句時， 該否定應前移至主句，即否定主句的謂語動詞例：I don t think it will rain tomorrow.我認為明天不會下雨We don t expect our football team will win the World Cup . 我覺得我們的足球隊不會贏得世界杯比賽。涉及轉移的只是not ,not 以外

57、的其他否定詞，如： no ， never ,hardly, few ,little ,seldom 等，不必轉移例： I believe my brother has never been late for school .We can imagine birds can hardly live without these woods.反義疑問句，有兩種構成：1， 當主句的主語為第一人稱時，附加疑問句的主語，謂語應與從句的主語，謂語，相一致。例： I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend ,won t he /she ?We

58、suppose you have finished the project, haven t you ?I don t believe that he can translate this book ,can he ?We don t imagine the twins have arrived, have they ?回答：若雙胞胎已經到了，則回答： “Yes， they have. ”若雙胞胎尚未到達，則用： “No ,they haven ” t.2,當主句的主語為第二，三人稱時，附加疑問句的主語，謂語應與主句的主語，謂語相一致。例： Your sister supposes she n

59、eeds no help ,doesn t she?You thought they could have completed the project ,didn t you ?三： instead 和 instead of 的用法 :1,instead 是副詞， “代替，而不是” ，表示前面的事沒做，而是做了后面的事一般位于句首或句尾，不能位于句中，不能位于祈使句的前面。例： If you cannot go ,let him go instead .instead of :是介詞短語，具有否定意義，后面所加的內容是沒有做的事情，后接名詞，代詞，動名詞短語等例： I have to fini

60、sh my work instead of going out .四： consider， think ,believe 的區(qū)別：Consider, 可接名詞，代詞，動名詞，疑問詞+動詞不定式，that/what/how 從句作賓語例： Let me consider the matter well before deciding .Think , 可接名詞，代詞，疑問詞 +動詞不定式， that/what/how 從句作賓語例： I think you should take a bus there.Believe ,可接名詞，代詞， that /what 從句作賓語例： We believ