6英美新聞常用套話

1、xx新聞中常用的套語(1)消息報道、分析、推測和辯駁等常用套語。為了表明 客觀和公正”美英報刊記者在報道或分析某人某事時，有的以不肯 定的第三者口氣論述，如用 有人、人們”等；有的用 據(jù)稱“、據(jù)聞、據(jù)估計 等不確定的字眼加以推測；還有的用事實不容否認”等較強烈的語氣加以辯 駁。請注意下面的一些常見寫法：It affords no small surprise to find that對于,令人驚訝不已It can be safely said that我們有把握講,It cannot be denied that.無可否認,It has been calculated that.據(jù)估計,It

2、has been found that已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn),It has been illustrated that,據(jù)說明,據(jù)圖示It has been proved that,已經(jīng)證明,It has been shown that有人指出,It has been viewed that.討論了，,檢查了 ,It has recently been brought home to US that我們最近深亥ll地認識至U ,It is alleged that.據(jù)稱，It is announced that.據(jù)稱,有人宣稱，It is arranged that.已經(jīng)商定，,，已做準備It is ass

3、erted that.有人主張，It is assumed that.假設,，假定,t is believed that.人們相信，大家相信，t is claimed that.據(jù)稱,，有人宣稱，t is considered that.據(jù)估計，人們認為t is decided that,已經(jīng)決定,t is declared that.據(jù)宣稱，有人宣布，t is demonstrated that.據(jù)證實,已經(jīng)證明,t is enumerated that.歹！J舉出,t is established that.可以認定,t is estimated that.據(jù)估計,，有人估計,t is e

4、xpected that.人們希望,人們期待，t is found that.據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),，人們認為，t is generally agreed that.人們通常認為,t is generally recognized that.一般認為,普遍認為,t is hoped that.希望,，有人希望，t is hypothesized that.假設，t is incontestable that.無可置辯的是,t is learned that.據(jù)聞,，據(jù)說,，已經(jīng)查明，t is mentioned that.據(jù)說,t is noted that.人們注意到，,有人指出，t is noticed

5、 that.人們注意到，有人指出， t is outlined that.概括地說,It is pointed out that.人們指出，有人指出，It is predicted that.據(jù)估計,預計，It is preferred that.有人建議，It is proposed that.有人提出，提議,一般認為，It is quite contrary to our expectation.與我們的期望恰巧相反。It is regarded that.人們認為,It is reputed that.人們認為，可以認為，It is said that.據(jù)說,有人說，It is some

6、times asked that.人們有日t會問,It is stated that.據(jù)說,，據(jù)稱；有人說，It is still to be hoped that.（我們）仍應希望，It is stressed that.人們強調說，It is striking to note that.特別令人注意的是,It is suggested that.有人建議，建議,It is supposed that.據(jù)推測,人們猜測，,假定一It is taken that.人們認為，有人以為，It is thought that.有人認為，有人以為，It is undeniable that.事實不容否

7、認，It is understood that.不用說,大家知道，It is universally accepted that普遍認為,是普遍接受的It is usually considered that.通常認為,It is weighed that.權衡了，,考慮了 ,It is well-known that,大家都知道，眾所周知，It leaves little doubt as.關于,是無可懷疑的It may be argued that.也許有人主張，It may be recalled that,我們還記得，It may be safely said that.可以有把握地說

8、，It should be pointed out that.必須(應該)指出，It was described that.據(jù)介紹,有人介紹說，It was felt that.人們認為,有人感覺到，It was first intended that.,最初就有這樣的想法，It was noted above that.前面已經(jīng)指出,It will be said that.有人會說，It will be seen from this that.由此可見,因此可知，It will be seen that.可見,，可以看出,It must be admitted that.必須承認,老實說,

9、It must first be known/understood.我們必須首先知道 / 了解，(2)消息來源常用套語。西方報刊為表明 客觀和公正”新聞報道除寫明是何報刊或新聞社外，都要說 明消息的出處或來源(news source or source of news)以示非該社記者筑造而使讀 者信而有據(jù)。如：(a)Japan s Surplus Shrinks as Oil Prices RiseTokyo Also Buys More From the U.S. asIts Exports to Rest of Asia ExpandCompiled by Our Staff from D

10、ispatchesTOKYOJapan s trade surplus with the world dropped 19.3 percent in July from a year earlier,largely because of surging oil prices,the government saidThursday.（上述為）政府所言，官方所言（b）From Anarchy To Islamic Rule In AfghanistanU. S. officials say the militiamay be the key to stabilityBy Michael Dobbs

11、Washington Post Staff WriterThe stunning capture of Kabul by the radical Taliban militia organization represents the best chance in years of ending the anarchy that has wracked Afghanistan since the Soviet invasion in 1979,but it also could be the prelude to the construction of a particularly strict

12、 Islamic state,according to U. S. officials and experts.（上述是）據(jù)xx官員和專家（的看法）（c）The Rich Get Richer and ElectedBy STEVEN V.ROBERTSSpecial to The New York TimesWASHINGTON,Sept.23-The House of Representatives,which prides itself on being “the people s House. has been turning into a rich man s club.The re

13、presentatives newly elected in 1984 were almost four times as wealthy as the first-term lawmakers elected only six years before,according to a new studybased on the members financial reports.（上述是）據(jù)一項新的研究（而得出的比較數(shù)字）（d） The Mob in the Markets：FBI Sees Bigger PresenceBy Sandra SugawaraWashington Post Se

14、rvice（上述是）據(jù)一位名叫Thomas Fuentes的聯(lián)邦調查局的高級警官（的看法）在這些消息來源中以（d）最具體，消息提供者既有單位，還有姓名。（b）根據(jù)美 國官員和專家的看法”若在下面的段落未交待是哪些官員和專家，那么提供消息 者事前會對記者提出過這樣的要求或條件：所談情況可以發(fā)表，披露來源，但不得指名道姓，說出是誰提供的消息”某新 聞用語是“background;而deep background則要求絕對不能公布提供消息者之 姓名。下面再來看一下sources對reporters所提的要求或條件用語：backgrounder6寸某事或某項政策進行的）背景情況介紹會，新聞吹風會：這種

15、記者招待會上所談情況可供發(fā)表，但不得披露來源。not for attribution不供引證的；不公布新聞來源或消息提供者姓名的：指新聞發(fā)表時往往用據(jù)政府消息靈通人士稱等含糊其辭的手法一筆帶過。 因為這位提供消息的人士已與記者達成這樣的默契或協(xié)議：在報道中不透露來源；萬一因發(fā)表這一消息而引起危難局面，記者決不牽累他。off the record不供發(fā)表的；不宜公開報道的：指僅供參考，以不公開發(fā)表為前提的。on lobby terms（英）以在議會休會室提供消息為條件的：指大臣或下院議員在議會休會室向記者透露消息時規(guī)定記者不得說明新聞 來源。這樣記者不必自己去挖掘消息，就能知道事態(tài)的真實發(fā)展情況

16、。與 not for attribution 同。Lindley Rulexxxx規(guī)貝 U:指記者與高官談話后不得直接援引、甚至不得報道以此官員發(fā)表的關于時 局的談話。此規(guī)則以Ernest K.Lindley的名字命名。由于有那些 要求、條件”或 約定”的限制，記者在寫報道文章時就只能用如 下一些較含蓄的套語：according toanalysts據(jù)分析家稱AP reports據(jù)美聯(lián)社報道authoritative sources 據(jù)權威人士稱the data made available據(jù)此間獲得的資料表明/證明，diplomatic sources據(jù)外交界人士稱financial qua

17、rters 據(jù)金融界稱industrial quarters 據(jù)產(chǎn)業(yè)界稱informative sources 據(jù)消息靈通人士稱military sources 據(jù)軍方人士稱neutral sources據(jù)中立人士稱observers據(jù)觀察家稱official sources 據(jù)官方人士稱reliable sources 據(jù)可靠人士稱semi-official sources 據(jù)半官方人士稱the spokesman/spokeswoman 據(jù)發(fā)言人稱.the sources Close to the White Hous的接近白宮人士稱usually reliable sources 據(jù)通常可靠人士稱well-informed sour