北京市2018年中考英語試卷及答案(Word版)

1、2018年北京市高級中等學(xué)校招生考試英語試卷姓名準(zhǔn)考證號考場號座位號考生須知本試卷共10頁，共五道大題，39道小題，滿分60分?？荚嚂r間90分鐘。在試卷和草稿紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號和座位號。試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答?？荚嚱Y(jié)束，將本試卷、答題卡卡和草稿紙一并交回。知識運用（共14分）一、單項填空（共6分，每小題0.5分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.MybrotherandIlikefootball.playittogetheronceaweek.A.

2、IB.TheyC.WeD.You2.Happybirthday,Peter!Heresa.giftyou.A.forB.inC.withD.from3.doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?Bybike.A.WhenB.HowC.WhereD.Why4.Manypeoplelikepandastheyarecute.A.thoughB.ifC.whileD.because5.Igonow,orIllmissmytrain.A.canB.mightC.mustD.could6.Tonyisofthethreeboys,butheisthetallest.A.youngB.you

3、ngerC.youngestD.theyoungestBilllikesreading.Hepicturebookswithhisdadeveryevening.readB.readsC.isreadingD.hasreadPaul,whatwereyoudoingatnineLastnight?Iamovieinthecinemawithmyfriends.waswatchingB.watchC.havewatchedD.willwatchDavidatennisplayer,Hetoplaytenniswhenhewassixyearsold.beginsB.willbeginC.bega

4、nD.hasbegunLucy,isyouruncleateacher?Yes,heis.Hehistoryfornearly20years.teachesB.hastaughtC.isteachingD.willteachApletesB.iscompletedC.willcompleteD.willbecompletedAlice,couldyoutellmeLondon?Sure.LastSundaywhenMr.SmithleftB.whenMr.SmithwillleaveC.whendidMr.SmithleaveD.whenwillMr.Smithleave二、完形填空（共8分，

5、每小題1分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。RealSolutions（解決方法）toProblemsThirtyengineerswereworkingasateaminacompany.Theywereyoungandeagertolearn.ThemanagementdecidedtoteachthemaboutfindingrealsolutionstoproblemsOneday,theteamwascalledfora13inahall.Theywerequitesurprisedandallreachedthehallh

6、oldingvarious14.Astheyentered,theyfoundaboxplacedinthecenter,fullofflatballoonsThemanageraskedeveryonetopickaballoonandblowitup.Thentheywereaskedtowritetheirnamesontheirrespective各自的）balloons15sothattheballoonswouldntblowout.Alltried,butnoteveryonewas16.Fiveballoonsblewoutduetopressure（壓力）.Thosewhof

7、ailedtomarktheirnamesontheballoonswere17outofthegame.Asaresult,25engineerscametothenextlevel.Alltheballoonscarryingtheirnameswere18andthenputintoaroom,hereandthere.Theengineersweretoldtopicktheballoonwithhisorhernameon,Allthe25engineersbegantosearchfortherespectiveballoonsinarush.Itwasalmost15minute

8、sbutnoonewasableto19therightone.Thsecondlevelofthegamewasover.Thencamethefinallevel.theengineerswereaskedtopickanyballoonandgiveittopersonnamedontheballoon.Withinacoupleofminutes,allballoons20thehandsoftherespectiveengineers.Themanagerannouncedthiswastherealsolutiontotheproblem.Manytimesinourlife,sh

9、aringandhelpingothersgiveusrealsolutionstoproblems.13.A.gameB.showC.concertD.patry14.A.purposesB.suggestionsC.thoughtsD.plans15.A.quietlyB.carefullyC.secretlyD.clearly16.A.bonestB.readyC.patientD.succeesful17.A.checkedB.helpedC.ruledD.cleaned18.A.collectedB.weighedC.tiedD.cleaned19.A.markB.hideC.num

10、berD.find20.A.freedB.reachedC.liftedD.hit閱讀理解（共36分）、閱讀下列短文根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從文后各所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。（共26分，每小題2分）RiggerARoger:Hi,there!Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday.SomeofmyfriendsandAlan.mycousin,cametocelebrateit.Everyonebroughtmeagift,weplayedgamessangsongsandhadabigbirthdaycake.Itwasreallyawonderfulday

11、!Didyoudoanythingspeciallastweek?Jessica:Yes,Myclasswereonaschoolfieldtriplastweek.First,WewenttotheUniversitofNorthCarolinatolearnaboutthehistoryofitsbasketballteam.Manybasketballstarwerestudentsthere.Thenwevisitedamuseum.Welearnedabouthowtheplanewasinventeandtookmanypicturesthere.Sara:Well,Iwasluc

12、kyenoughtogotoaconference（會議）oncharity（慈善）lastWednesday.Iwasexcitedtomeetalotofkindpeoplethere.OneofthemwasaboynamedRichard.Hespokeattheconferenceaboutthecharityworkthathehaddoneinthepastfewyears.Martin:Itwasadifferentweekthanusual,LastThursday,myschoolband（樂隊）wenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition.Ip

13、layedtheviolinandwewonaprize!OnFridaywewenttoGeorgiaAquariumandgottoseedifferentkindsofsealifefromovertheworld.Itwasreallycool!SarjMartinWhendidRogerhavehisbirthdayparty?LastWednesdayB.lastthursdayC.LastFridayD.LastSaturday.A.Alan.B.JessicaMartinwenttoAtlantaA.speakataconferenceC.performinacompetiti

14、onC.SaraD.RanizeapartyD.visitauniversityBABeautifulMomentWhowentonaschoolfieldtriplastweek?WhenIwasinhighschool.Iworkedpart-timehelpingDadsellfruitsandvegetablesatamatket.Oneday,asIwaspreparingthefruits.Alittleboycamebywithhismomandsister.Hewasabouteightyearsold,andthegirl.fiveorsix.Theywe

15、relookingthefruitsinfrontofme.Iheardthekidssaytotheirmom（inFrench）,Theyregood!IknewitwasFrench.BecauseIcanspeakandunderstandit.ThenInoticedhowmomwaspickingthefruits.AtfirstIthoughtshewasreallylookingatthefruitsbecauseshewasfacingthem.ButthenInoticedhowmuchshehadtofeelandsmelleachoneasshepickedthemou

16、t.Andoftenaskedhersonifitlookedokay,butlookedwayabovewherehisfacewas.PuttingwhatIsawtogether,Iwassureshewasblind.Bothofthekidscontinuedtohelptheirmompickoutthefruits.Thesonmadesurethefruitswerenotobviouslybad,andthedaughterhandedthemtohermom.Thewomanthenfelteachoneandsmiled,andthedaughterwouldputthe

17、mintotheirbasket.Thekidsweresmilingwhilehelpingtheirmompickthefruitsout.Theirsmileandgentlemannermovedmeinawaythatneverhappenedbefore.Itwassobeautifultoseesuchyoungkidssowillinglyhelp.Mostkidsthatagewouldbepickingoutcandiesortoysinastoreforthemselves,insteadofhelpingtheirmompickoutfruitsasthetwokids

18、did.Itwasgreattowitnessthemoment,butnotsogreatbecauseIdidnttellthemomhowbeautifulherchildrenwereintheirlanguage.thisiswhatIregrettothisday.Thewomenandherkidscametothemarkettobuy.A.fruitsB.vegetablesC.candiesD.toysAccordingtowhathesaw,thewriterwassurethemothercouldnt.A.speakB.seeC.smellD.hearThewrite

19、rwasmovedbecause.themotherwasbravetofaceherproblems.thekidswerepoliteandkindtoeachotherthemotherwascarefulinpickingoutthingsthekidsweresowillingtohelptheirmotherCSomeprimaryschoolchildrenhavebeenraisedinhomeswithmoregreenspacearound.Theyarelikelytocomewithlargervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterincertainar

20、easofthebrain.Thesedifferencesareassociated（關(guān)聯(lián)）withbeneficialeffectsoncognitivefunction（認知功能）.ThisisthemainconclusionofastudyledbytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth.Thestudywasperformedamong253schoolchildreninSpain.Lifelongexposure接觸）togreenspaceinthelivingplaceswasrecordedusingtheinformationonthe

21、childrensaddressesfrombirthupthroughtothetimeofthestudy.Brainstructurewasstudiedusing3Dmagneticresonanceimaging（MRI）.Workingmemoryandinattentiveness（注意力不集中）weregradedwithcomputers.“Thisisthefirststudythatshowstheassociationbetweenlong-termexposuretogreenspaceandbrainstructure.”SaysDr.PayamDadvand,th

22、eleadingresearcherofthestudy“,Ourfindingssuggestthatexposuretogreenspaceearlyinlifecouldresultinbeneficialstructuralchangesinthebrain.”Thefindingsshowthatlong-termexposuretogreennessispositivelyassociatedwithwhiteandgreymattervolumesinseveralpartsofthebrain.Someofthemarerelatedtohigherscoresoncognit

23、ivetests.Moreover,largervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterinthosepartsmightleadtobetterworkingmemoryandlessinattentiveness.Exposuretonaturehasbeenthoughttobenecessaryforbraindevelopmentinchildren.Anotherstudyof2,593childrenshowsthatchildreninschoolwithmoregreenspacehaveagreaterincreaseinworkingmemoryandagr

24、eaterdecreaseininattentiveness.Humansarebelievedtobetiedtonature.Playingingreenerareasofferschildrenopportunitiestosearchandlearn.Accordingly,greenspaceisthoughttopromptimportantexercisesindiscovery,creativityandrisktaking.Theseexercisesinturnpositivelyinfluencebraindevelopment.Dr.Dadvandsstudysugge

25、stshowsuchstructuralchangescouldbringaboutthebeneficialeffectsofgreenspacesoncognitivedevelopment,italsoaddstotheproofthatsuggeststhelastingeffectsofearlylifeexposuretogreennessonourhealthandthebenefitsofincreasinggreennessincities.Furtherstudiesareneededtoprovethefindingsinotherpopulations,settings

26、andclimates.Andresearchersneedtoexaminedifferencesaccordingtothenatureandqualityofgreenspace.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout.A.howthestudywasperformedB.whatwasrecordedinthestudyhowlongthestudylastedD.whotookpartinthestudyTheword“promptinparagraph6probablymeans“.A.controlB.encourageC.balanceD.changeW

27、hatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Workingmemoryinfluenceswhiteandgreymatterinthebrain.Dr.Dadvandstressedtheimportanceofchangingtheenvironment.StudiesprovedtheinfluenceofgreennessonpopulationsoutsofSpain.Livingingreenerneighborhoodsbenefitschildreninbraindevelopment.DWeoftenreachapointinourlifewhenweshould

28、bereadyforchangethatwillhelpusunlockourself-improvementpower.However,theresalwayssomethingstaringatusrightunderournosebutwedontseeit.Theonlytimewethinkofunlockingourself-improvementpoweriswheneverythinggetsworst.Whendowerealizethatweneedtochangediets?Whennoneofourshirtsandjeanswouldfitus.Whendowesto

29、peatingcandiesandchocolates?WhenallofourteethhavefallenoffW.hendowerealizethatweneedtostopsmoking?Whenourlungshavegonebad.Weseethewarningsignsandsignalswhenthingsgetroughanddifficult.Theonlytimemostofuseverlearnaboutunlockingourself-improvementpoweriswhenthewholeworldisfallingapart.Wethinkandfeelthi

30、swaybecauseitisnoteasytochange,butchangebecomesmorepainfulwhenweignore（忽視）it,Changewillhappen,likeitorhateit.Atonepointoranother.weareallgoingtofinallyunlockourself-improvementpowernotbecausetheworldsaysso.Butbecausewerealizeitsforourowngood.Happypeopledontjustacceptchange;theyembrace（擁抱）it.Unlockin

31、gourself-improvementpowermeansunlockingourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweare.Itissuchapoorexcuseforpeoplewhofearchange.Janealwaystellseveryonethatshedoesnthavethecouragetobearoundgroupsofpeople.Sheheardherfamilytellthesamethingsabouthertootherpeople.Overtheyears,thatiswhatJanehasbelieve

32、d.Everytimeagreatcrowdcome,shestepsbackandlocksherselfupinaroom.Janenotonlybelievesinherstory,butlivesit!Self-improvementmaynotbeeverybodysfavoriteword,butifwelookatthingsinadifferentway,wemighthavegreaterchancesofenjoyingthewholeprocessinsteadofcountingthedaysuntilwearefullyimproved.Threesessionsin

33、aweekatthegymwouldresultinahealthierlife.Readingbookseverydaywouldbuildupknowledge.Andonlywhenweareenjoyingthewholeprocessofunlockingourself-improvementpowerwillwerealizethatwerebeginningtotakethingslightandbecomehappy.ThewritermentionsthethreequestionsinParagraph2toshowtha.welearnourlessonswhenweex

34、periencepain.weareresponsiblefortheproblemswemeet.lifefailsuswhenwegetintothewrongway.lifeisalongjourneyfullofupsanddowns.WhatisthekeytosolvingJanesproblem?Sheneedstorememberwhyshestarted.Shehastoknowhowtogetonwithpeople.Shehastorealizesheisnotwhatsheisinherstory.Sheneedstounderstandtheimportanceofc

35、onfidence.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.theworldtellsushowtoimproveourselves.peoplechangewhentheyfinditeasytodothat.welcomingchangeinlifeisadrivetobecomebetter.enjoyingtheprocessofself-improvementmakeslifesimpler.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Isitimportanttotakethingslight?Isit

36、necessarytoembracechallenges?Toholdontothelastmomentortogiveup?Tofreeourselvesoutoftheboxortostayinit?四、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題.(共10分，每小題2分)Whenitcomestothelettergradeonyourtestorhomework,youmightnoticethatthereisnoletterHaveyoueverthoughtaboutwhythatisso?IntheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem,thefirstfourlettersare

37、typicallyconsideredpassinggrades.AnFinthissystemsimplystandsfor“fail.Theword“failhappenstostartwiththeletterF,whichseemstoleaveouttheletterE.ThefacSomeschoolshaveUgradefor“unsatisfactory,orIgradefor“incomplete.Evenwithallthissaid,weshouldalsopointoutthatEgradeactuallyhasbeenusedprettycommonlythrough

38、outthehistoryoflettergradesintheUS.ThefirstcollegeintheUStousealettergradingsystemliketheonesweusetodayisMountHolyokeCollege.In1897,theybegantousethefollowinggradingscale:A:95-100%(excellent)B:85-94%(good)C:76-84%(fair)D:75%(barelypassed)E:below75%(failed)WecanseetheinclusionofEinsteadofF.Gradually,

39、thelettergradingsystembecamemorepopularthroughouttheUS.However,manyschoolsdecidedtodroptheEgradeandgostraighttoF.ThereisnoevidencEH據(jù))toreallysupportthis,butonepossibleexplanationisthatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent.Whydowehavelettergrades?Well,partofthereason

40、isthattheymadegradingsimplerduringatimeofgreatchangeforschools.Asthe20thcenturybegan,growingcitiesandanincreaseinimmigrationledtolargerschoolclassrooms.Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.Today,moreandmorepeoplearguethatlettergradesdontfull

41、yreflect(反映studentlearning。However,asteacherstrytoimprovegradingmethods,manyparentscontinuetofavorthelettergradestheygotaskids,theyarefamiliar熟悉)andeasyforparentstounderstand.Sowhiletheymightnotbeperfect,thelettergradesprobablyarentgoingawayanytimesoon.whatdoesanFstandforintheA、B、C、DandFgradingsyste

42、m?whenwasthelettergradingsystemfirstusedintheUScollege?whatisonepossibleexplanationfordroppingtheEgrade?whatdidmostteachersthinkofthelettergradingsysteminthe20thcentury?whydomanyparentsstillpreferthelettergradestoday?書面表達(共10分)五、文段表達(10分)39從下面兩個題目中任選一題，根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作，文中已給出內(nèi)容不計入總數(shù).所給提示詞語僅供

43、選用，請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。題目一:假如你是李華，你們學(xué)校要舉辦一場關(guān)于京劇的講座，你打算邀請你們班交換生Peter參加，請用英語寫一封電子郵件，告訴他講座時間和地點以及需要做什么準(zhǔn)備。提示詞語：lecture（講座），invite,information,question,online提示問題：Whenandwherewillyouhavethelecture?whatdoyouadvisePetertoprepareforit?Dearpeter,Howisitgoing?TherellbealectureonPekingOperainourschool.Ifthereisanythi

44、ngthatIcando,pleaseletmeknow.Yours,LiHua題目二:“靜以修身，儉以養(yǎng)德”，勤儉節(jié)約是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德，無論生活富足與否，我們都應(yīng)該提倡節(jié)儉，拒絕浪費。某英文網(wǎng)站在開展以“節(jié)約是美德”為主題的征文活動，假如你是李華，請用英語寫一篇短文投稿談?wù)勆钪心闶窃趺醋龅?，以這樣做的意義。提示詞語：thrifty（節(jié)約的）.save.turnoff.money.virtue（美德）提示問題：Whatdoyoudoinyourdailylife?whydoyoudoso？2018北京中考英語答案、單項填空123456789101112CABDCDBACBDA、完型填/p>