2022全國職稱英語等級考試試題

1、全國職稱英語級別考試綜合類（C）級試題第1部分：詞匯選項(第115題，每題1分，共15分)下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分?jǐn)M定1個意義最為接近旳選項。1、This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.AopenBsuddenCcruelDdirect2、The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine.AbottomBsurfaceCtopDstructure3、Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8：00 and 9：00

2、in the morning.AborderBgoalClevelDpeak4、she came across three children sleeping under a bridge.Apassed byBfound by chanceCtook a notice ofDwoke up5、She gets aggressive when she is drunk.AworriedBsleepyCanxiousDoffensive6、I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me.AthrewBbrokeCstretchedDseized

3、7、I tried to detach myself the reality of these terrible events.AseparateBbringCputDset更多題型，題庫到天宇考王官網(wǎng)下載。8、It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.ArightBobviousCunbelievableDunclear9、There is no other choice, she said in a harsh voice.AunkindBfirmCsoftDdeep10、We found shelter from

4、 the rain under the trees.AdefenseBstandingCroomDprotection11、The odd thing was that he didnt recognize me.AstrangeBrealCwholeDsame12、That performance was pretty impressive.AcompletelyBbeautifullyCveryDequally13、We have to change the publics perception that money is everything.AsightBinterestCbelief

5、Dpressure14、He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.AattractedBtaughtCkeptDchanged15、I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.AatBaboutCwithDfrom參照答案：1-5 AACAA 6-10BDCDC 11-15 ACBDD 更多題型，題庫到天宇考王官網(wǎng)下載。第2部分：閱讀判斷(第1622題，每題1分，共7分)下面旳短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文旳內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提

6、供旳是對旳信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供旳是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句旳信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit? The most definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affe

7、ct us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits, like sucking out thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others

8、do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes a part of out life, and becomes “programmed” into ou

9、r brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study program, t

10、he researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same picture again, and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the picture

11、s, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second. Two weeks later, they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They app

12、eared to have completely forgotten the second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change our ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is use

13、d, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behavior. This is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even

14、 when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previous learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do

15、.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. Bad habits may return when we are under pressure.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. Researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when th

16、ey did it the second time.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond what to get rid of.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned參照答案：C、B、A、B、C 、B、A

17、 第3部分：概括大意與完畢句子(第2330題，每題1分，共8分)下面旳短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第2326題規(guī)定從所給旳6個選項中為第14段每段1選擇個最佳標(biāo)題;(2)第2730題規(guī)定從所給旳6個選項中為每個句子擬定1個最佳選項。Pedestrians Only?1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time. During the Middle Ages, traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow

18、 people to shop in comfort and, more importantly, safety. As far back as 2,000 years ago, road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians (行人) and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day. In most other cities,

19、however, pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses, coaches and, later, with cars and other motorised vehicles.2 The modern, traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s, when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly. Dirty gases from cars and the risk

20、s involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience. Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets, and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 At first, there was resistance from shopkeepers. They believed that su

21、ch a move would be bad for business. They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars. When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic, there were even noisy demonstrations, as many shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.4 However, researc

22、h carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics. In Munich, Cologne and Hamburg, visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent. On Copenhagens main shopping street, shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent. Shopkeepers in Minneapolis, the USA

23、. were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street, many shops, especially those selling things like clothes, food and smaller luxury items, prospe

24、red. Unfortunately, it wasnt good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances (電器) actually saw their sates drop. Many of these were forced to move elsewhere, away from the city centre.23. Paragraph 1_24. Paragraph 2_25. Paragraph 3_26. Paragraph 4_A Facing protest

25、s from shop ownersB An experiment that went wrongC Increase in sales and customersD Popularity of online shoppingE A need for changeF An idea from ancient history27. Traffic-free shopping streets first developed in_.28. In the 1960s, dirty gases from cars made shopping_.29. Shopkeepers mistakenly be

26、lieved the car-free streets would keep away_.30. The arrival of the traffic-free shopping street made many _ lose their business.A furniture sellersB a bad experienceC Middle Eastern countriesD customersE North AmericaF pedestrians參照答案: 23.F 24.E 25.A 26.C27.C 28.B 29.D 30.A第4部分：閱讀理解(第3145題，每題3分，共45

27、分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題背面有4個選項。請根據(jù)文章旳內(nèi)容，從每題所給旳4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)旳位置上。第一篇An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars? Is there life on Mars? Was there ever life on Mars? Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to these questions. They built a spacecraft to travel around Mars and

28、get information. The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate Orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars in December 1998. The trip took nine and a half months. At first, everything was fine. However, when the Orbiter got near Mars, something terrible happened. The spacecraft didnt go to the right

29、 place. It went too close to Mars. It was too hot for the Orbiter there. The spacecraft couldnt function correctly. Suddenly, it stopped sending message to NASA. The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned? Finally, th

30、ey found the answer. Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter. One team was in England, and one team was in the United States. There were many similarities in the way they worked, but there was one important difference: The teams used different guidelines for measuring things. The Unit

31、ed States team used the metric system(公制). The other team used the English system.Because they used different systems, the scientists made a mathematical mistake. The Orbiters orbit (the shape and pattern of its path) around Mars was not correct. The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path. The

32、 Orbiter got too close and too hot, and it stopped functioning.Why didnt anybody see the mistake before it was too late? Many things contributed to the problem. One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time. This was a challenge, and the

33、y were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost $94 million to build. It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Orbiter in space. In addition, NASAs research on the cause of the problem was very expensive. This wasnt the first time that two different measurement sys

34、tems caused mistakes in scientific projects. However, the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!31 NASA built the Mars Climate Orbiter to get information about_.A. the size of MarsB. possible life on MarsC. the shape of marsD. the atmosphere of Mars32 How long did it

35、take the Orbiter to get close to Mars?A. One year.B. Less than one year.C. About two and a half years.D. More than three years.33 When did the Orbiters problem begin?A. Right after if left for Mars.B. Right after it landed on Mars.C. When it got near Mars.D. When it returned to Earth.34 What caused

36、the Orbiters problem?A. Scientists used wrong guidelines of mathematics.B. Scientists used wrong building materials.C. Scientists used different operating systems.D. Scientists used different measurement systems.35 Why didnt NASA scientists identify the problem before the Orbiter left for Mars?A. Th

37、ey didnt know the English system.B. They were sure of the success of the trip.C. They were tired from working long hours.D. They didnt get enough research funding.參照答案: 31.B 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.C 第二篇 The Development of BalletBallet is a dance form that has a long history. The fact that it survives to

38、this day shows that it has adjusted as times have changed.Ballet began in the royal courts during the Renaissance. At that time it became common for kings and queens, as well as other nobility, to participate in pageants that included music, poetry, and dance. As these entertainments moved from the

39、Italian courts to the French ones, court ladies began participating in them. Though their long dresses prevented much movement, they were able to perform elaborate walking patterns. It was not until the 1600s that women dancers shortened their skirts, changed to flat shoes, and began doing some of t

40、he leaps and turns performed by men.It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important cha

41、nge occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that they were floating.Classical ballet as we know it t

42、oday was influenced primarily by Russian dancing. The Russians remained interested in ballet when it declined in other European countries in the mid-1800s. One of the most influential figures of the early 20th century was Sergei Diaghilev. His dance company, the Ballets Russees, brought a new energy

43、 and excitement to ballet. One of his chief assistants, George Balanchine, went on to found the New York City Ballet in 1948 and to influence new generations of dancers.36 This passage deals mainly with _.A famous names in balletB Russian balletC how ballet has developedD why ballet is no longer pop

44、ular37 The word pageants in paragraph 2 means _.A dancesB instructorsC royal courtsD big shows38 Professional ballet was first performed in_.A FranceB ItalyC RussiaD Americ39 Who had an important influence on early ballet?A Balanchine.B Antoinette.C Louis XIV.D Diaghilev.40 We can conclude from this

45、 passage that ballet _.A will continue to change as new people and ideas influence itB is a dying artC is currently performed only in RussiaD is often performed by dancers with little training參照答案: 36.C 37.D 38.A 39.C 40.A第三篇Operation MigrationIf you look up at the sky in the early fall in the north

46、ern part of North America, you may see groups of birds. These birds are flying south to places where they can find food and warmth for the winter. They are migrating(遷徙). The young birds usually learn to migrate from their parents. They follow their parents south. In one unusual case, however, the y

47、oung birds are following something very different. These birds are young whooping cranes, and they are following an airplane!The whooping crane is the largest bird that is native to North America. These birds almost disappeared in the 1800s. By 1941, there were only about 20 cranes alive. In the 197

48、0s, people were worried that these creatures were in danger of disappearing completely. As a result, the United States identified whooping cranes as an endangered species that they needed to protect.Some researchers tried to help. They began to breed whooping cranes in special parks to increase the

49、number of birds. This plan was successful. There were a lot of new baby birds. As the birds became older, the researchers wanted to return them to nature. However, there was a problem: These young birds did not know how to migrate. They needed human help.In , some people had a creative idea. They fo

50、rmed an organization called Operation Migration. This group decided to use very light airplanes, instead of birds, to lead the young whooping cranes on their first trip south. They painted each airplane to look like a whooping crane. Even the pilots wore special clothing to make them look like crane

51、s. The cranes began to trust the airplanes, and the plan worked.Today, planes still lead birds across approximately 1,200 miles (1,931 kilometers), from the United States-Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. They leave the birds at different sites. If a trip is successful, the birds can travel on

52、their own in the future. Then, when these birds become parents, they will teach their young to migrate. The people of Operation Migration think this is the only way to maintain the whooping crane population.Operation Migration works with several other organizations and government institutes. Togethe

53、r, they assist hundreds of cranes each year. However, some experts predict that soon, this wont be necessary. Thanks to Operation Migration and its partners, the crane population will continue to migrate. Hopefully, they wont need human help any more.41 Whooping cranes migrate in winter to _.A raise

54、 baby whooping cranesB get human helpC find warmth and foodD lay eggs42 Whooping cranes are native to _.A MexicoB South AmericaC the Persian GulfD North America43 Operation Migration aims to _.A lead young cranes on their first trip southB teach adult cranes how to flyC breed cranes in special parks

55、D transport cranes to the North44 The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is _.A 1,200 milesB 120 milesC 1,931 milesD 2,000 miles45 If Operation Migration is successful, whooping cranes will _.A follow airplanes south every yearB learn to migrate on their ownC live in C

56、anada all year aroundD be unable to fly back參照答案: 41.C 42.D 43.A 44.A 45.B 第5部分：補全短文(第4650題，每題2分，共10分)下面旳短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。A Doctor in the HouseBrushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away. But if a group of scientific researchers have their wish, it

57、 will make the rest of your body healthy too. _46_ It is one of many gadgets (小裝置) proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health in New York others include a pair of glasses that help to jog your memory, and a home camera designed to check for cancer.The devices seem fanciful, bu

58、t the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make it easy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier than normal. _47_ In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouraging us to lead healthier lives.Intelligent bandages (繃帶) are

59、a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quickly identify tiny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine which antibiotics (抗生索) would work best. _48_Socks are long overdue for a makeover. In the future they will be able to automatically detect the amount of pressure in your foot

60、 and alert you when an ulcer (潰瘍) is coming up.All the projects should have far-reaching implications, but the biggest single development is a melanoma (黑瘤) monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. _49 _ If a problem is found, the system would advise you to get a check-up at your doctors s