托福口語講義掃盲課

1、9/9目錄關(guān)于托?？谡Z考試概況與題型介紹評分標準參加托?？谡Z考試所需的八大能力托?？谡Z解題技巧任務(wù)一（獨立）: 自由選擇 任務(wù)二（獨立）: 二選一 任務(wù)三（綜合）: 校園聲明 / 觀點和原因 任務(wù)四（綜合）: 學術(shù)概念 / 抽象到具體 任務(wù)五（綜合）: 學生對話/問題和解決方案 任務(wù)六（綜合）: 學術(shù)話題 / 摘要 托福口語練習題托?？谡Z練習題（一）托福口語練習題（二）托?？谡Z練習題（三）托?？谡Z練習題（四）托福口語練習題（五）第一章 關(guān)于托?？谡Z考試概況與題型介紹eq oac(,1)概況：考生需要在大約20分鐘的時間回答6個問題eq oac(,2)目的：測試學生在北美學術(shù)環(huán)境下的英語口語能力

2、eq oac(,3)容：北美校園生活以與各類學術(shù)講座eq oac(,4)具體：第 1、2 題是獨立口語題要求考生就某一話題闡述自己的觀點，其中第 1 題是自由選擇，第 2 題是二選一 。學生有 15 秒鐘時間準備，45 秒作答。第 3、4 題是綜合口語題，題目要求考生首先在45 秒閱讀一段 100 單詞左右長度的短文，隨后短文消失 , 考生再聽一段與短文有關(guān)的對話或課堂演講 , 然后根據(jù)先前閱讀的短文和播放的對話或演講回答相關(guān)問題。其中第 3 題是校園場景題目，第 4 題是學術(shù)場景題目 . 在第 3,4 題中 , 考生有 30 秒鐘時間準備 , 然后有 60秒鐘時間作答。第 5、6 題要求考生

3、聽一段校園場景對話或者課堂演講 , 然后回答相關(guān)問題。其中第 5 題是校園場景題目，第 6 題是學術(shù)場景題目?？忌?20 秒鐘時間準備 , 之后有 60秒鐘時間作答。下面的表格是 ETS 對于托?？荚嚳谡Z部分題型的官方介紹 , 它能夠客觀且清晰的反映出托?？谡Z考試的結(jié)構(gòu) :Task Type 任務(wù)類型Task Description 任務(wù)描述Timing 時間限制Independent Tasks 獨立任務(wù)Personal Preference個人偏好學生需要就一個日常生活中的常見話題發(fā)表自己的觀點并加以解釋 . 例如 : 重要的人 , 地點 ,事件或活動準備時間 : 15答題時間 : 45

4、Choice 選擇學生需要就某兩個日常生活中出現(xiàn)的對立選項或者對立觀點作出自己的選擇并加以解釋準備時間 : 15答題時間 : 45Integrated Tasks （R/L/S） 綜合任務(wù) （讀 / 聽 / 說）Campus Situation: Fit and Explain 校園場景 :聯(lián)系觀點并解釋原因閱讀部分會述一個校園話題 , 聽力部分會對閱讀中的話題進行評論 , 考生需要概括聽力中說話人對閱讀中話題所持的觀點和評論準備時間 : 30答題時間 : 60Academic Course: General/Specific 學術(shù)課程 :抽象 /具體閱讀部分會廣泛地定義一個學術(shù)術(shù)語 , 過程

5、或思想 , 聽力部分會就閱讀中的概念給出具體事例或特定信息 , 考生需要結(jié)合閱讀和聽力中的重要信息準備時間 : 30 答題時間 : 60 Integrated Tasks（L/S）綜合任務(wù)（聽/說）Campus Situation: Problem/Solution 校園場景 :問題 / 解決方案聽力部分會涉與與學生有關(guān)的一個問題和兩個解決問題的方案 , 考生需要總結(jié)聽力部分容并發(fā)表自己的觀點準備時間 : 20 答題時間 : 60 Academic Course: Summary 學術(shù)課程：摘要聽力部分會涉與一個術(shù)語或概念 , 并給出相應的例子 , 考生需要總結(jié)聽力部分容并解釋主題與例子間的關(guān)

6、系準備時間 : 20 答題時間 : 60評分標準Delivery 表達 : 你的口語答案是否足夠清晰 , 是否足夠流利 , 其中是否展現(xiàn)出了優(yōu)秀的英語語音 , 自然的節(jié)奏以與語調(diào) . 簡言之 , 在 delivery 這一項評分標準中 , 同學們應當要關(guān)注的因素有三個 : pronunciation 發(fā)音 ,intonation 語調(diào) , 以與 flow 語流 .Language Use 語言使用 : 你是否能夠有效地運用正確且恰當?shù)脑~匯和基本的以與復雜的語法結(jié)構(gòu)去表達你的觀點 . 簡言之 , 在 language use 這一項評分標準中 , 同學們應當關(guān)注的兩個主要因素是 vocabula

7、ry 詞匯以與 grammar 語法 .Topic Development 話題發(fā)展 : 你是否能夠全面地回答問題 , 是否能夠有邏輯地 , 并且連貫地述你的觀點 , 是否能夠有效地使用掉分配給你的答題時間 , 是否能夠有效且明確地表明觀點與觀點之間的各種邏輯關(guān)系 .參加托?？谡Z考試所需的八大能力1. 語音 pronunciation2. 語調(diào)和中音 intonation &stress3. 口語詞匯與短語 spoken vocabulary & phrases4. 流利度/語流 flow/fluency5. 語法 grammar6. 閱讀和聽力 reading &listening7. 頭腦

8、風暴 brainstorming8. 筆記 note-taking第二章 托?？谡Z解題技巧任務(wù)一（獨立）: 自由選擇 托福口語第一題主要被分為兩種題型：自由選擇和三選一。在其中，自由選擇題目出現(xiàn)的概率遠遠超過了三選一題目。下面我們就來看看兩種題型的具體例子。自由選擇Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important. Please include details in your explanation.Preparation Time: 15 Seconds Respon

9、se Time: 45 SecondsTalk about the person you respect most and explain why you respect him or her. Use details and examples in your response.Preparation Time: 15 Seconds Response Time: 45 SecondsIf you were given the opportunity to learn a new skill, what would you learn? Explain your choice with det

10、ails and examples.Preparation Time: 15 Seconds Response Time: 45 SecondsTIPS： 在托?？谡Z考試中，自由選擇類題目的主題多種多樣，但大多數(shù)題目（不是所有題目）通常會被集中到以下四個領(lǐng)域：Person:Eg. Talk about the teacher from whom you learned the most and explain what you have learned from him or her. Use details and examples in your response. Eg. What ki

11、nds of characteristics do you think make someone a good neighbor? Explain why these characteristics are important. Place: Eg. Describe your favorite area in your school and explain why you enjoy spending time there. Please include details in your explanation.Eg. If you had a chance to visit a foreig

12、n country, which country would you go to? Explain why you want to visit that country with details.Object: Eg. Talk about a book you really enjoy reading and explain why you love the book. Please include details in your response.Eg. Talk about your favorite movie and explain what you have learned fro

13、m it. Please include details or examples in your answer. Event/Activity: Eg. Talk about a holiday that you often celebrate in your country and explain why people love celebrating it. Use details and examples in your response.Eg. Describe a personal experience in which you learned an important lesson

14、? Explain what that lesson is with details.三選一Which of the following careers do you think is most important to society? Doctor, farmer, or teacher.Choose one of the careers and explain why you think it is most important to society.Preparation Time: 15 Seconds Response Time: 45 SecondsWhich of the fo

15、llowing way of transportation do you like most when travelling? Airplane, train, or automobile. Choose one of the ways of transportation and explain why you like to travel this way.Preparation Time: 15 Seconds Response Time: 45 Seconds解題技巧忽視朗讀，快速反應，頭腦風暴，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰兩套備用結(jié)構(gòu)Topic Sentence Supporting Details En

16、dingTopic SentenceSupporting SentenceExample/details例題：Talk about a person you admire a lot and explain why you admire him or her. Use details and examples in your response.Preparation Time: 15 Seconds Response Time: 45 SecondsTopic Sentence 主題句 : Allen Iverson, the NBA superstar, is definitely one

17、of the people for whom I have a huge admiration.干凈利落，直擊答案Supporting Sentence 支持句 : I admire him a lot because he is such a hard-working guy that you would feel like theres nothing he cannot do.正面解釋，秀出證據(jù)Example/details例子/細節(jié) : Once I watched an interview of his coach in high school on NBC. He said tha

18、t Allen was just super diligent. He was always the first person that arrived for the training, and always the last one to leave. He usually stayed for another 2 hours after all his teammates left for dinner. So its definitely his hard work that made him one of the most phenomenal players in the leag

19、ue.強烈支持，展示涵，增強伸縮性、趣味性，湊字數(shù)如果我們將以上三個部分的回答放在一起 , 我們就能夠得到一個非常完整 , 而且優(yōu)秀的答案Allen Iverson, the NBA superstar, is definitely one of the people for whom I have a huge admiration. I admire him a lot because he is such a hard-working guy that you would feel like theres nothing he cannot do. Once I watched an i

20、nterview of his coach in high school on NBC. He said that Allen was just super diligent. He was always the first person that arrived for the training, and always the last one to leave. He usually stayed for another 2 hours after all his teammates left for dinner. So its definitely his hard work that

21、 made him one of the most phenomenal players in the league.TIPS：eq oac(,1) 結(jié)尾可有可無，根據(jù)時間靈活掌握，盡量避免說出像 Thats all或者是 Thank you之類的表達；eq oac(,2)支持點最好只給一個，最多只給兩個，盡量避免出現(xiàn)三個與以上觀點；eq oac(,3)使用自己熟悉的單詞，短語，和句型，可以大減低作答時的焦慮度；eq oac(,4)適當?shù)墓P記可以提醒自己，諸如信號詞；例題與參考答案If you were going to take a trip alone, what would you take with you? Please incl