2021年浙江高考英語復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)講義：專題一名詞、代詞和冠詞

1、第一部分語法知識專題一 名詞、代詞和冠詞探考情 悟真題【考情探究】考點(diǎn)考向2019-062018-112018-06 考情分析2017-112017-061. 名詞和動(dòng)詞、形容詞等之間的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換connection(s)weight(weigh)monthscarrots名詞2. 名詞的單數(shù)和(connect)women(woman)dishes(dish)(month)(carrot)復(fù)數(shù)3. 名詞的所有格1. 不定代詞2. 物主代詞3. 指示代詞代詞4. 人稱代詞them(they)ittheir(they)myself(I)5. 疑問代詞6. 反身代詞7.it 的用法1. 定冠詞冠詞2.

2、 不定冠詞theana3. 零冠詞預(yù)測熱度分析解讀 目前高考對詞匯運(yùn)用的直接考查, 主要集中在語篇填空題型中。而間接的考查則體現(xiàn)在寫作中 , 不論是應(yīng)用文寫作還是讀后續(xù)寫和概要寫作 , 以上三類詞匯都起著非常重要的作用。一、名詞根據(jù)上下文判斷是否用名詞 , 是否用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 因此考生一定要掌握名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則。根據(jù)所給的同根詞 , 寫出相應(yīng)的名詞。 因此考生要掌握英語單詞的基本構(gòu)詞法。 與名詞有關(guān)的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換將是考查的熱點(diǎn)。同時(shí)特別注意既有詞性轉(zhuǎn)換, 又有復(fù)數(shù)形式的考查方式。有可能考查在無提示詞的情況下根據(jù)語境寫出適當(dāng)?shù)拿~。這類詞一般都是固定結(jié)構(gòu)或上下文有明確的提示。因此考生要掌握

3、含有名詞的一些固定詞組。這類題設(shè)題的難度較大, 近幾年都沒有涉及, 但是 ,考生還是應(yīng)當(dāng)做好必要的準(zhǔn)備。二、代詞根據(jù)上下文語境寫出合適的代詞。根據(jù)所給的同根詞 , 寫出合適的代詞形式。因此考生要掌握英語代詞的各種形式之間的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則。三、冠詞根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系選擇合適的定冠詞或不定冠詞。 在此類考查中 , 名詞實(shí)際上起著主要的作用。 所 以要重點(diǎn)研究與設(shè)空處相關(guān)的名詞。從以上考查方式中可以看出 , 對這三種詞類的考查, 主要集中在對上下文的理解上面。因此, 讀懂句子、讀懂上下文、抓住上下文的主旨是這類題目的解題關(guān)鍵。破考點(diǎn) 練考向【網(wǎng)絡(luò)清單】名詞個(gè)體名詞：dog,chair,child,wom

4、an 等可數(shù)名詞集體名詞：class,family,people 等普通名詞分類物質(zhì)名詞：water,tea,oil,air等不可數(shù)名詞抽象名詞：attention,love,pride,fun等專有名詞：America,China,John 等單數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)名詞的常用規(guī)則有生命的人或物的所有格：Tom and Helen s parents，c表示時(shí)間、自然現(xiàn)象、度量衡、金額、國家或城市的名詞的所有格 stwo years time,an hour s ride名詞所有格()，s所有格的構(gòu)成規(guī)則of 一般用于表示無生命的東西的所有格：the window ofthe house雙重所有格：表

5、示其中之一或其中一部分，突出局部： a friend of Tom s, any work of Mo Yan s作主語:Mr. Smithwas born in Canada.作賓語:Johnsonis reading anovelin his study.名詞的句法功能作表語:She is a lovelygirl.作定語:She is afootballplayer.作補(bǔ)語:Everyone elected himmonitor.名詞構(gòu)詞法(構(gòu)成名詞的后綴)人1工N主格 ,匈*35v.iT.Rc/bcy）在句中作主而“宣格，me d you h him： b her, it, un b

6、ihcm）fF 句中作片:ih 衷諳物;；JTI形容詞性物主代詞c mX ynur.hh, her, our/hei門在名詞前作定語恒I名詞性物主代詞C fniMiuni,hEhF,it!i.ourF；.thET相當(dāng)于“形容同性物主代詞+名詞在句中作主語.賓語、表語 耳工式：mx self, yuurst If, himx:lfT herw： If, itic If. ourselve;i, ynursc ves, themsc Ives 用法:賓謂、表語,同他話Yiuj will have to sen: lI he t）“ gt）ne tu school fur .oumdf. （ jij

7、l ）反身代詞J含有反身代腐的習(xí)情用請The cuntpukr m叩、hut 口及 f itself. （ fl Nj 地） Id like r Hhi hinull.Would yem hIi;tw me a larger pair?（更的）T| i 后-t uWul 阮向naiy冠詞的活用二它是最需用的字典口 （ 金小三者或-:舞以上中最的Il i m nnM iful dktinnury,1 u very） 它是二Tir常有用的字哩序-氣同前社詞的活舊It is the semnd time that he has. visited the city. 這是他帶三次參儂個(gè)城市,1表示次序

8、）Can you give me a second charire?伸腦再給我一次機(jī)會(huì)螞？（又一,再-）樂器名詞前冠詞的活用He is playing the piajin-（西洋樂器前加 the）He i.h pEfing gi bcmiywcd pijmL西洋樂器被當(dāng)作普通名詞使用時(shí).叮與不定制詞連用）He likei 10 phy frfra.（中國樂器前不加習(xí)詞iword, man前的過詞活冊Fur j long time they walked without siiying a *皿 jrd Jim 格心 thu Hrsc to break iiw silence.（譚nrd作-通

9、詞.由”巾.為普通名詞.根據(jù)而要與相應(yīng)的不定冠祠左用j Wurd collie That J 曲g HtidEd at huiiic.乙嬴作消息.信息H講.馬零號詞專用）He 訕 g difficult mmi 1 deal with.（2心產(chǎn)男人.人“講.為普通名詞.根據(jù)需要與相應(yīng)的不定冠詞連用）Scsmc people drink gn ch coiquermm 作人類 1講.需與多冠詞連用）【考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)I】考點(diǎn)一名詞I.The（possible）that there is life on other planets in the universe has alwaysinspired sc

10、ientists to explore the outer space.答案 patience2.Try to understand what s actually happening instead of acting on the (assume)you ve made.答案 assumption3.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative(explain)are hard to find.答案 explanations4.It is

11、 important to pay your(electric)bill on time, as late payments mayaffect your credit.答案 electricity5.Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.答案 adjustment/adjustments6. 一 Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.一 Id like to,but I m afraid shewon t be happy with

12、 my(apologize).答案 apology/apologies7.One of the most effective ways to reduce(stressful)is to talk aboutfeelings with someone you trust.答案 stress.He gave himself a new name to hide his (identify)when he went to carry out the secret task.答案 identity.Her(motivate)for writing was a desire for womento g

13、et the right to higher education.答案 motivation.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with(patient).Without proper treatment, minor(injure)or burns could lead to moresuffering and even loss of lives.答案 injury/injuries.While she was in Paris,she developed a(tasty)for fine art.答案 taste.

14、My first(impress)of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.答案 impression.Three months later,Jesse was able to communicate happily with all his classmates about regular things like homework and(game).答案 games.You d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future (refer).

15、答案 reference.Your(perform)as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.答案 performance.They were the kind that I did not have in my(collect)so I placed themcarefully in my bag.答案 collection.For sustainable development, the government has decided to give(prefer)

16、to those energy-conserving and environment-friendly businesses in many aspects.答案 preference.Due to the (apply)of this medical technology,some diseases can be treated at an early stage.答案 application考點(diǎn)二代詞n many ways, the education system in the US is not very different frominthe UK.答案 that.The quali

17、ty of education in this small school is better than in somelarger schools.答案 that.How would you likeif you were watching your favorite TV program and someonecame into the room and just shut it off without asking you?答案it.The meeting will be held in September,butknows the date for sure.答案 nobody.To w

18、arm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the.答案 other.Niki is always full of ideas,butis useful to my knowledge.答案 none.Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.答案it8.A smile costs ,but gives much.答案 nothing/littlen some countries,peo

19、ple eat with chopsticks,while in ,knives and forks.答案 others.An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,makingthe driest yearsince California became a state in 1850.答案it.You can ask anyone for help.here is willing to lend you a hand.答案 Everyone/Everybody12.I d appreciateif you could let mekn

20、ow in advance whether or not you willcome.答案it13.She d lived in London and Manchester,but she likedand moved toCambridge.答案 neither14. When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?一 .I ll be in all day.答案 Either15.This is 18-year-old Musa Bockarie s story about how first aid saved (he)life.答案 his16

21、.Studying Wendy s menu,I found that many of the items are similar toofMcDonald s.答案 those17.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than on the small ones.答案 that18.Sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.答案it19.During the rush hour, I have been looki

22、ng for a taxi buthaven t found yet.答案 onet s an either-or situation we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can t do .答案 both考點(diǎn)三冠詞. prize for the winner of the competition istwo-week holiday inParis.答案 The;a.Jane s grandmother had wanted to write a children s book for many year

23、s,but one thing or another always got inway.答案 the3.I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.答案 the;a4. more learned a man is,more modest he usually becomes.答案 The;the5.Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be Beethoven.答案 a6.Life is like ocean:Only the

24、strong-willed can reach the other shore.答案 an7.I can t tell you way to the Wilsons because we don t have Wilsonhere in the village.答案 the;a8.It was cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the nightsky.答案 a.People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at early age

25、 and these preferences affect learning.答案 an.Animals are obviouslylower form of life than humans.答案 a.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and a break for cheese,choc01ate and tea with sugar.答案 a.Marco Polo is said to have sailed onPacific Ocean on his way to Java inthirteenth ce

26、ntury.答案 the;the.Sarah looked atfinished painting with satisfaction.答案 the.He missed gold in the high jump,but will get second chance in the long jump.答案 the;a.The Smithsdon t usually like staying at hotels,but last summer they spent afew days at a very nice hotel by sea.答案 the.We are said to be liv

27、ing in Information Age, time of new discoveries and great changes.答案 the;a【三年模擬】A組 20182020年模擬基礎(chǔ)題組考點(diǎn)一名詞.(2020 屆浙江杭州三校聯(lián)考 ,52)They were asked whether they had experiencedconflict or (tense)with somebody that day.答案 tension.(2020 屆浙江東陽中學(xué)模擬 ，56)There are video cameras on street(corner),vehicles and our

28、own front doors.答案 corners.(2020 屆浙江 9+1 聯(lián)盟，63)Last month, two nurses in Beijing were placed under punishment for putting(lock)on two shared bikes.答案 locks.(2020 屆浙江高中聯(lián)盟，60)Since 1994, when Chinese government lifted along-standing ban on all foreign films, the(grow)in China s box office hastranslate

29、d into huge profits for US studios.答案 growth.(2019 浙江名校聯(lián)盟二模，65)People have used secret (code) throughout history to protect important information.答案 code(s).(2019 浙江綠色評價(jià)聯(lián)盟，63)All in all, the engineering advancements used toconstruct these super tall buildings can turn one maH s dream into (real).答案

30、reality.(2019 浙江稽B日聯(lián)考，59)Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has evenbeen introduced to many neighboring(country).答案 countries.(2019 浙江杭高分校模擬，65) (explore) of the Moon did continue after the astronauts left, but by robots instead of people.答案 Exploration(s).(2018 浙江杭州一模，59)She thought sh

31、e would be one of the best known(face) on the cinema screen throughout the world.答案 faces.(2018 浙江金麗衢一模，60)I considered these characters to be more significantthan(letter).答案 letters考點(diǎn)二代詞.(2020 屆浙江七彩陽光聯(lián)盟 ，65)For some, cash is just what they know about.For , cash is not a necessity especially when go

32、ing digital is another alternative.答案 others.(2020 屆浙江杭州八校，64)Over time,she slowly gained (they) trust.答案 their.(2020 屆浙江高中聯(lián)盟，65)With the maturity of China s economy, global players find (they)having a shrinking share of the growing market.答案 themselves.（2020 屆浙江湖麗衢三地市聯(lián)考，63）We are so blessed. People

33、 from all over thecountry come to（we） aid.答案 our.（2019 浙江杭州一模，65）Many desired purchases now lie as ruined possessions in myhome coated in dirt. The desire for（they） has disappeared with the gettingof them.答案 them.（2019 浙江杭高分校模擬,62） ESA s idea isn t just to make the spaceships（they） but also to work

34、with other businesses on Earth.答案 themselves.（2019 河南三門峽一中模擬 ,62）We should know that the education system in the USis very different from in China.答案 that.（2019 浙江黃巖一模,43）He wanted to show how easywas to use the fork.答案it.（2019 安徽江淮名校 11 月，47）And a 1955 US ad advised mothers to mix the sugary softdr

35、ink with（they）baby s milk.答案 their.（2018 浙江寧波 5 月模擬,56）When we think about our daily habits and how affect the environment, we often focus on how much water we use.答案 they考點(diǎn)三冠詞1.（2020 屆浙江七彩陽光聯(lián)盟，56）The most recent figures show coins and notes are usedjust 34% of a time, down from 63%decade ago.答案 a.（

36、2020 屆浙江杭州八校聯(lián)考 ，60）Jane worked as waitress until she got enough money to travel there in 1957.答案 a.（2020 屆浙江紹興 11 月聯(lián)考，57）Statistics show that nearly 20% ofoxygenproduced by the Earth s land comes from the Amazon rainforest.答案 the.（2019 浙江名校協(xié)作體，61）Probably the safest place you can be inearthquakeis i

37、n a tall building.答案 an.（2019 浙江杭州模擬 ，56）Memories of past events provide us with a wide range of thoughts and emotions. Childhood memories often openwindow to laugh andcry.答案 a.（2019 浙江杭高分校模擬，59） This was first time anyone had walked on the surface of another world.答案 the.（2019 浙江椒江聯(lián)考,56）One day the

38、ir next-door neighbor,retired womanteacher, gave the girl a very beautiful snow-white dress.答案 a.(2018 浙江名校聯(lián)盟二模，57)The square before the temple became very muddy as result of the rain.答案 a.(2018 浙江臺州一模，62)It is not difficult to do it andfollowing examplemay make this point clear.答案 theB組 20182020年模擬

39、綜合題組Passage 1（綜合填空）Mary was a good student in the university and she wanted to be a teacher after1 (graduate). When she graduated, she had a job interview in a high school, but she had no luck.“I noticed a tiny hole in one of my2 (stocking)earlier, she recalls.“But I knewI d be late if I did3(someth

40、ing)about it. By the timeI got tothe interview,it was bigger thanbefore.I walked in, apologizing4 notlookingat 5 best. Her friend told her the school s comment was, “If someone doesn t spend time dressing herself to present her best 6 (appear)at an interview, what kind of teacher is she going to be?

41、In 7 job interview, personal appearance is very important. After all, you are selling yourself to an employer. Whengoing to a job interview, you should brush your hair tidy, and above all, dress8 properly.If you are viewed positively within 9 critical first four minutes, the person you ve met will p

42、robably feel everything you do is positive. If you leave the interviewer a bad impression, he will guess youhave a lot of other unsatisfactorycharacters. Most employers believe that those who care about themselves will care more about 10 jobs.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案.graduation 2.stockings7.the5.kniv

43、es3.something4.for5.my6.appearance7.a8.yourself9.the10.theirPassage 2(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)It was late at night.Two1 (German)were sleeping in their room when,one ofthem,Mrs.Green,was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his(lucky).She had three thousand 3 (dollar)in her pocket. What sho

44、uld I do? Many 4 (thief)usually bring5 (knife)with them, she thought in 6(silent).And at the same time the thief happened to touch a sports suit.It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room,so he went out to the next room where two 7 (Frenchman)were sleeping.When he was looking for8 (money)or some 9(jewel)in the next room,Mrs.Green woke up her husband quickly and called