從考官點評角度看托福綜合口語評分標準和常見問題

1、第 PAGE16 頁 共 NUMPAGES16 頁從考官點評角度看托福綜合口語評分標準和常見問題從考官點評角度看托福綜合口語評分標準和常見問題托福綜合口語考官點評分析p 下面是ETS考官對某考生口語第四題的點評，以此為例：考官點評原文“The speaker is fairly fluent and easy to prehend. However, there is some hesitancy or choppiness, which seems to occur as she searches for ideas and do not because of linguistic brea

2、kdown. In this response, the speaker has more difficulty using effective pause structure. She has a tendency to plete one thought and immediately begin the next, without pausing in between. At times she then stops and restarts the next idea, giving a somewhat rambling quality to the response. Minor

3、but systematic grammatical errors occur but do not interfere with overall prehensibility. The speaker states the womans problem clearly and with ease. Despite minor grammatical errors, she supports her opinion with fairly sophisticated reason.”考官評分點分析p 這段點評對廣闊考生極具參考價值，它告訴了我們如何在自己發(fā)音及語言組織才能還有欠缺的情況下照舊獲

4、得高分。這是對一篇high level的答復做出的點評。我們從評論中不難看出，考官對于這段口語還是心存不滿的，但是最終還是給了一個較高的分數(shù)。缺乏之處：我們通過對于缺乏之處的分析p 可以更明晰地理解ETS考官面對一道口語答復時會重點關注那些方面。1. 流利程度。流利與否是第一項評分點。流利不僅僅是指我們的在答復過程中是不是出現(xiàn)了長時間的break或者是無話可說，同時也要求考生不要一直不停地重復同一個詞(這是一個非常常見的現(xiàn)象)甚至是重復剛剛說的短語、句子。2. 邏輯性。與寫作一樣，口語的答復也需要條理明晰，并且在說的時候要通過一些關聯(lián)詞將你聽到的內容進展整理復述，使得聽這段口語的人可以很容易就

5、明白了你講的是什么，這樣就想他傳達了一個強烈的信號：我聽懂了。在上面這段文字中，ETS的考官向我們推薦了一個方法“pause structure”，即在答復完一個內容的時候做一個小小的停頓，告訴聽者，下一個內容/觀點要開場了。這樣就可以彌補答復中邏輯詞的發(fā)音不準或者是誤用、漏用帶來的失分。優(yōu)勢之處：盡管這段答復中存在上述諸多的錯誤和缺乏，但是僅僅一下一點就足以力挽狂瀾，讓我們追回失分。準確性：綜合口語考察的一個重點就是考試是不是可以準確、完好地復述出conversation或lecture中的內容。這就是中國考生在綜合口語中最大的失分原因。通過對點評的解讀，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們需要做的就是“stat

6、e clearly and with ease”。只要做到了這點，把題目要求你復述的內同明晰并以一種簡單的方式說出來了，那么盡管你的答復中存在一些小小的語法錯誤(despite minor grammatical errors)，也不會影響獲得高分。托?？谡Z練習材料之事件篇1. Describe a celebration, public event or moment that is most impressive to you.Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and exles to support your res

7、ponse.2. Describe a ceremony or public event that you attended. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and exles to support your response.3. Describe a challenging experience you had and how you overcame that challenge.Include reasons and exles to support your response.4. Describe a di

8、sappointing event or experience in your life. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and exles to support your response.5. Describe a leisure activity you often do in your spare time. Explain why you often do it. Please include reasons and exles to support your response.6. Describe a m

9、emorable event that you experienced with you families or friends. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and exles in your response.7. Describe a memorial you attended. Explain why it was important to you. Include reasons and exles to support your response.8. Describe a social or polit

10、ical event celebrated in your country. Explain how people in your country celebrate it. Include reasons and exles to support your response.9. Describe a successful event in your life. Explain how you made it. Include reasons and exles to support your response.10. Describe the most enjoyable event in

11、 your childhood. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and exles to support your response.11. Describe an activity you enjoyed most when you were a child. Explain why you enjoyed this activity most. Include reasons and exles to support your response.12. Describe an experience that you

12、 worked well with others. Explain why that experience is important to you. Include reasons and details to support your response.13. Describe an important experience you had recently. Explain why this experience was important to you. Include reasons and details to support your response.14. Describe t

13、he most enjoyable event that happened in your school. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and exles in your response.15. Describe the most surprising event your friends did for you. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and exles in your response.16. If you could do o

14、ne thing for your munity, what would you do and why? Include reasons and exles to support your response.17. What do you do to keep yourself healthy? Explains why it is more important for you?Please include reasons and details in you explanation.18. What is your favorite way to relax yourself? Explai

15、n why you like to use this way to relax yourself. Include reasons and details to support your response.托?？谡Z題材分類練習：科技篇1. Some people think that TV plays a positive role in the modern society. Others think that TV plays a negative role in the modern society. What is your opinion and why?Include detail

16、s and exles in your explanation.2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students should not be allowed to take their cell phones into classrooms. Use specific reasons and exles to support your answer.3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Cell phone should be for

17、bidden in some places. Use specific reasons and exles to support your answer.4. Some people prefer to keep in touch with their family members and friends by letters and e-mail. Others prefer to keep in touch with their family members and friends by telephone. Which do you prefer and why? Use specifi

18、c reasons and exles to support your response.5. Some people believe that modern technology has made our lives simpler. Others believe that modern technology has made our lives more plicated. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and exles to support your choice.11個托?？谡Z中常見的打招呼句子1. How are you do

19、ing?你好嗎?美國人見面時候最常用的打招呼方式就是， “Hey! Howare you doing?” 或是 “How are you?” 不然 “Howsgoing?” 也很常見. 我覺得這種每天跟別人打招呼的習慣， 就是跟美國友人建立良好關系的開場. 很多人都覺得美國人很冷漠， 不跟自己打招呼， 但自己又何嘗不是對美國友人很冷漠呢? 關于更多打招呼之間的應對， 請參照筆記本專題篇.2. Whats up?什么事?“Whats up?” 也是很常用的一種打招呼方式. 比方說 Bob 在路上看到我跟我說 “Hey! ” 那我通常就會答說 “Hi! Bob. Whats up?” 這就是問對方

20、近來怎樣， 有什么事嗎? 通常假如沒什么事人家就會說 “Notmuch.” 不過還有一種情況也很常見， 你先跟人家說 “Hey! Whats up?” 那別人也不說 “Not much”， 反而反問一句， “Whats up?” 所以 “Whats up?” 已經變成有點 Hello! 的味道在里面了.“Whats up?” 也常被用來問人家有什么事? 例如有人登門拜訪， 你就會說 “Whats up?” 到底有何貴干啊? 總之 “Whats up?” 在美國應用的很廣， 各位一定要熟記才是.我有一個從南非來的朋友 David， 他對于我的筆記本提供了很多的幫助和建議. 他說在南非的打招呼方式

21、是 “How zit?” 這是從 “Hows it?” 衍生變化而來. 所以同樣是講英文的國家， 打招呼的方式也有很大的不同.3. Could you do me a favor?能不能幫我一個忙?人是不能單獨一個人活的， 需要別人幫助的地方總是很多， 所以我就會常講， “Could you do me afavor?” 或是 “Could you give me a hand?” 這算是比擬正式而禮貌的講法. 有時候要請別人幫助還不太好意思說， 我就會說 Could you do me a little favor? 能不能幫我一個小忙? 其實也許是幫大忙但也要先講成小忙， 先讓對方點頭才是

22、. (注意一下這里用 could you 會比 can you 來的客氣一點.)另外， “Can you help me?” 也很常見， 通常比方說我們去買東西， 可是店員自己在聊天， 我就會說， “Canyou help me?” (其實正常來說， 應該是他們主動會問 “Can I help you?” 或是 “May I help you?” 才對， 但有時實在等不急了， 就直接先問了 “Can you help me?”4. What are you studying?你主修什么的?通常老美一聽我是學生， 都會很自然地問， “What are you studying?” 其實這樣的問法

23、就是問你 “Whats your major?” 但他們比擬喜歡說 “What are you studying?” 假如說你遇見一個人， 你也不確定他是不是學生， 我們通常會問， “What do you do for living?” 你是作什么工作的? 或是簡單地問， “What doyou do?” 一般不會說成 “Whats your job? ”5. Where are you going?你要去哪啊?通常走在路上遇到好朋友， 除了打招呼之外， 我都還會問 “Where are you going?” 雖然剛來美國時我只聽得懂自己的問題， 卻聽不懂對方的答復， 但是我還是佷喜歡問.

24、 原因無它， 聽久了自然就會了. 另外老美也很喜歡用 heading 這個字來代替 going. 所以你也可以問 “Where are you heading?” 同樣都是你上哪去的意思.6. Whats your favorite ice cream?你最喜歡的冰淇淋是什么?這句話通常是當我遇到生疏人時， 又想不到其它話題的時候會最先想到的一句話. 試想二個人假如有共同的興趣和嗜好是不是就很容易成為好朋友呢? 所以我就常問人家， “Whats your favorite movie? Whos yourfavorite movie star?” 總之 favorite 之后可以接任何你有興趣

25、的話題.Favorite 這個字很好用， 假如這句話你不用 favorite 的話， 就會變成 “What kind of ice cream do youlike the most?” 聽來是不是很冗長? 還有一點值得一提， 比方我要答復， 我最喜歡香草冰淇淋， 再來是巧克力要怎么說? 那就是 “Vanilla is my favorite flavor and chocolate is my second favorite.”7. What color is your car?Whats the color of your car?你的車子是什么顏色.個人覺得 What 后面接一個名詞這樣

26、的問句好用的很， 可是不知道為什么剛來美國的人似乎對這樣的問法都不太熟悉. 同樣的句子我就曾說過， “What kind of color does your car have?” 聽來是沒錯， 但我跟你保證老美絕不會這樣問的啦! 他們就是 “What color is your car?” 有時候就乾脆只說 “What color?” 就完事了.讓我們再來練習幾句， “What year is your car?” 問你的車是幾年份的? “What area do you live?” 問你是住哪一區(qū)的. 同樣的 How 后接一個形容詞也很常用， 例如 “How big is your do

27、g?” 你的狗有多大?8. Whats going on?發(fā)生了什么事?比方說你要用電腦， 可是不知為什么無法開機， 你就可以說. “Hey， Whats going on?” 雖然這句就完全等于 “What happened?” 或是 “Whats up with that?” 但是老美還是比擬比喜歡說 “Whats going on?” ， 又比方人家問你說， “Why is our oven broken?” 你就可以推的一干二凈地說. “I dont know whatsgoing on.” (我不知發(fā)生了什么事)9. How e?為什么? (怎么會這樣?)How e 的用法大部份就等于 why 但是它的用法沒有像 wh