英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題與答案資料

1、第 PAGE16 頁(yè) 共 NUMPAGES16 頁(yè)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題與答案資料6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題及答案：長(zhǎng)篇閱讀段落匹配Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You

2、may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You EndureA As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much

3、 work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in fli

4、ght, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (繼續(xù)處理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.B Why should flying deplete us? Were just sitting there doing nothing. Why cant we be

5、 tougher, more resilient (有復(fù)原力的) and determined in our work so we can acplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have e to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem es from a misconception of what it means to be

6、resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.C We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that t

7、he longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.D The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that t

8、here is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recoverywhether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phonesis costing our panies 62 billion a year in lost productivity

9、.E And just because work stops, it doesnt mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work well do tomorrow. In a study just released, re

10、searchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have bee workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life area

11、s.”F We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical pany to examine how technology extends our working hours and th

12、us interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.G The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to fin

13、ish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesnt have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-con

14、trol with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when were young only magnify when we hit the workforce.H As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zo

15、ne, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overe your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we bee due to overworking, the more value there is in activ

16、ities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.I So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will natural

17、ly recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, youll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have r

18、ested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. Thats because rest and recovery are not the same thing.J If youre trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2022 paper: “Internal rec

19、overy refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are

20、temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of worke.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political mentary on your phone or get stresse

21、d thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.K If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough

22、by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtim

23、e or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.L In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes t

24、o charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friendsnot talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.M As for us, weve started using

25、our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable inter connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax,

26、sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physi

27、cal relaxation is.38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases ones work efficiency.39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people

28、 from overworking.42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.43. The author has e to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.44. Peoples distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.45. People tend to think the m

29、ore determined they are, the greater their success will be.答案：36.D37. J38. L39. A40. E41. K42. I43.B44. G45. C四級(jí)閱讀理解答案：詞匯理解26. G)habitats【語(yǔ)法判斷】marine是形容詞，表示“海洋的”，后面應(yīng)該跟一個(gè)名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)歷)、exterior(外部)、habitats(棲息地)、investment(投資)、territory(領(lǐng)土)、victim(受害人)?！菊Z(yǔ)意判斷】從上下文可知，暗礁是潛泳和保護(hù)海洋_的圣地，所以應(yīng)該選hab

30、itats，海洋棲息地。27. M)stripped【語(yǔ)法判斷】此處謂語(yǔ)不完好，要填寫(xiě)動(dòng)詞，由was可知要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。符合條件的動(dòng)詞有depressed(使沮喪)、stripped(剝奪、剝離)。【語(yǔ)意判斷】被沉下去的A300被_了所有有可能對(duì)環(huán)境有害的東西，所以應(yīng)該選stripped，被剝離了。28. A)create【語(yǔ)法判斷】此處是倒裝句，the sunken plane will 后面應(yīng)該跟動(dòng)詞原形。符合條件的動(dòng)詞有create(創(chuàng)作、創(chuàng)造)、innovate(創(chuàng)造)?！菊Z(yǔ)意判斷】被沉默的飛機(jī)不僅僅將會(huì)給人工暗礁的生長(zhǎng)_完美的骨架，所以應(yīng)該選create，創(chuàng)造出。29. L)stretches【語(yǔ)法判斷】主句缺少謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是the plane，應(yīng)該選擇動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。符合條件的動(dòng)詞有experiences(經(jīng)歷)、stretches(延展到)【語(yǔ)意判斷】這個(gè)飛機(jī)_總長(zhǎng)度54米，所以應(yīng)該選stretches，延展到。30. C)eventually【語(yǔ)法判斷】where引導(dǎo)的從句有完好的主謂賓構(gòu)造，空格處應(yīng)該填寫(xiě)副詞。符合條件的副詞有eventually(最后，終于)、