高中英語(yǔ)必修二unit3+Computers+教案1

1、Unit 3 Computers 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)單元學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航類別新課標(biāo)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目話1. Information technologyy-2. History and basic knowledge of computers3. Robots重calculate, calculator, PC, notebook, common, analytical, simple,占八、simple-minded, technology, technological, revolution, universal,詞mathematical, artificial, intelligence, anyway

2、, totally, network, truly,語(yǔ)匯race, birth, IT, advantage, disadvantage, type, disagree, choice, materi口personally, create, coach, move, arise, brain, mop, wander知詞in common, in one s opinion, go by, sothat ，deal with,識(shí)組in a way, make up, after all, with the help of, watch over目句1. However, people thou

3、ght I was simple-minded until they discovered標(biāo)had artificial intelligence.”型2. And my memory became so large that I couldn t believe it.語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在元成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（The Present Perfect Passive oVce）I have been made smaller and smaller.I have been used by millions of people.法I have truly been built to help the human

4、race.功Making decisions（做出決定）I think that In my opinion I believe that I agree because I ve decided thatLet s make our decisiorReasoning（推理）What s your reason? Why do you think so?能I think this one is better becausehuman race,I英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)講義只要堅(jiān)持夢(mèng)想終會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn) 情感文化目標(biāo).通過(guò)了解電腦的發(fā)展簡(jiǎn)史及現(xiàn)狀和應(yīng)用，能建立并加強(qiáng)用電腦學(xué) 習(xí)的愿望和興趣，樹(shù)立了解和參與制造機(jī)器人的

5、初步渴求。.樹(shù)立利用因特網(wǎng)進(jìn)行合作交往的意識(shí)。The Three Laws of Robotics.A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.A robot must protect its own existence

6、 as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws.機(jī)器人三原則.機(jī)器人絕不能傷害任何人或因怠工而造成對(duì)人的傷害。.在不違反第一條的情況下，不得違抗人的命令。.在不違反一二條定律的情況下，可以進(jìn)行自衛(wèi)。學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)（一）掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)單詞和短語(yǔ)。（二）了解計(jì)算機(jī)和機(jī)器人的歷史和基本知識(shí)（三）語(yǔ)法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。（四）學(xué)會(huì)做決定和推理的基本語(yǔ)言。學(xué)習(xí)策略通過(guò)自主探究，小組合作，鞏固詞匯，增強(qiáng)閱讀能力，了解計(jì)算機(jī)、機(jī)器人 等現(xiàn)代科技。預(yù)習(xí)案一.寫出下列詞匯：1.算盤 abacus2.簡(jiǎn)化 si

7、mplify 3.合邏輯的 logical 4.人造的 artficial5.私人的 personal 6應(yīng)用 application 7.計(jì)算 calculate8.探索 explore9.技術(shù) technology 10智力 intelligence 11.總的 tolal12.電子的 electronic.找出以下短語(yǔ):1）和有共同點(diǎn) have sth in common 2）把和一 比較 compare with 一in an order6）聽(tīng)走已來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單 sound simple8）在那時(shí) at that time10）隨著時(shí)間的推移 as time goes by12）與 連接 co

8、nnected by14）和，而且 as well as3）根據(jù) according to5）把按順序排列put.7）作為的開(kāi)始begin as9）解決問(wèn)題 solve problems11）結(jié)果 as a result13） 和 分享 share sth with sb4）計(jì)算出，解決work out （figure out）15）提供給某人某物 provide sb with sth 16）充滿 be filled with 17） 一種高質(zhì)量的生活 a life of high quality18）一個(gè)忠誠(chéng)的朋友 a devoted friend19）從起 from on20）在的幫助下

9、 with the help of21）處理，對(duì)付 deal with 22）看守，監(jiān)視 watch over三.翻譯句子I begin as a calculating machine in France in 1642.1642年我在法國(guó)誕生時(shí)是一臺(tái)計(jì)算器。I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years_before I was built as analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我發(fā)育緩慢.差不多到了兩百年之后.查爾斯巴比奇才杷我制成了一臺(tái)分析機(jī)。Over time my

10、memory has developed_so much_that, like an elephant,I never forget anything I have been told.隨著時(shí)間的推移，我的記憶能力發(fā)展得如此之快，就像一頭大象一樣，從來(lái)不會(huì)忘記告訴我的任何事情！And my memory became_so large_thaeven I couldn t believe it.我的儲(chǔ)存量變得如此巨大，連我自己都不能相信！was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web.我能夠通過(guò)萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)和

11、其他人分享我的知識(shí)。6. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.不管怎樣，我的目標(biāo)是給人類提供高質(zhì)量的生活。探究案學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：掌握本單元重點(diǎn)單詞、短語(yǔ)和句型。一、重點(diǎn)單詞calculate (v.)計(jì)算，核算，推測(cè)，估計(jì)It is impossible to calculate what influence he had on her life要計(jì)算出他對(duì)她的影響那是不可能的。2)我們還沒(méi)有確切地計(jì)算出度假要花多少錢。We haven t calculated how much we will spend

12、 on the holiday.常用詞組： calculate on= depend on 指望calculator (n.)計(jì)算器calculation (n.)計(jì)算calculating (adj.)斤斤計(jì)較個(gè)人得失的： 自私的personally (adv.)就個(gè)人而論1)就我個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，我是反對(duì)他的建議的。Personally, I was against his suggestion.2)她不喜歡這個(gè)計(jì)劃，但我本人覺(jué)得還可以接受。Although she doesn t like the plan, personally, I think it acceptable.totally (

13、adv.) = completely 完全地，全部地，整個(gè)地1)那個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子在地震中完全被毀了。The town was totally destroyed in the earthquake.2)他們來(lái)自完全不同的文化。They are from the totally different cultures.total (adj.)全部的 in total 總、計(jì)The repairs came to over 500 yuan in total.修理費(fèi)總共 500元。signal （n.）信號(hào)，暗號(hào)（v.）發(fā)信號(hào)，打暗號(hào)1）紅燈常被用作危險(xiǎn)的信號(hào)。Red light is used as th

14、e warning signal.2）小偷用信號(hào)警告同伴警察來(lái)了。The thief signaled to his fellows that the police were coming.Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.anyhow=anyway 無(wú)論如何,反正，即使如止匕1）反正，這輛二手車是值得買的。Anyhow, this 01d ca門s worth buying.It s possible that I m not fit to be a teacher just as you say

15、, but,IA. somehow B. anyway C. therefore D. otherwise二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)in common共同的（地），共有的（地）常與have連用have nothing in common 無(wú)共同之處have little in common 幾乎無(wú)共同之處have something in common 有一些共同之處have a lot in common 有許多共同之處You know, Mary, you and I have one thing in common.你知道，瑪麗，你和我有一個(gè)共同之處。2）我突然感覺(jué)到我們有很多共同點(diǎn)。I sudden

16、ly feel that we have a 10t in common.as a result結(jié)果；終于；因此1）結(jié)果，他只得放棄。As a result, he had to give up.My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever;, he could neither eat nor sleep.A. as a result B. after all C. any way D. otherwisecompare with翻譯：Compare this one with that one.把這個(gè)和那個(gè)作比較。We often c

17、ompare children to the nation s flowers.我們常常把孩子比作祖國(guó)的花朵?！練w納用法】compare A with B 把 A 與 B 比較compare A如B把A比作B注意：當(dāng)compare的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，與with或to搭配都表示 與相比” e.g : Compared with (to) many of your classmates(與其他許多同學(xué)相比較) ，you are very lucky.make up 編造，補(bǔ)足，化妝，組成 理解：指出各句中劃線部分的意思。(1)Five doctors and ten nurses made u

18、p the medical team.成(2)The student made up an excuse for his being la閡造一個(gè)借口(3)The girl makes herself up in the morning.化斗女He soon made up for the lessons he had missed足注意：作 組成”時(shí),常用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) be made up of由組成)Five doctors and ten nurses made up the medial team.=The medial team was made up of five doctors a

19、nd ten nurses.deal with處理，對(duì)付，涉及1)我不知道如何來(lái)對(duì)付這些淘氣的男孩。I don t know how to deal with these naughty boys.2)你應(yīng)該認(rèn)真地處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。You should deal with the problem attentively.注意：deal with與do with在表示 處理”這一意思時(shí)，deal with 與 how 連用, 而 do with 與 what 連用。Last summer he taught us poisonou更毒的)gas.A. how did we deal with B.

20、what did we deal withC. how we dealt with D. what we dealt withwatch over看守，監(jiān)視，保護(hù)，留神，照管，照料1)我度假時(shí)你能幫我照料我的狗嗎？Could you watch over my dog while I am on holiday?2)請(qǐng)你去游泳吧，我來(lái)照管這些衣服。Go swimming please, and I ll watch over the clothes.聯(lián)想：watch out (for) = look out (for)警惕、密切注意In 1963 my real father, Alan Tu

21、ring, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a universal machine “ to solve any difficult mathematical problem. 注意： 主動(dòng)形式 make sb. do sth.被動(dòng)形式 sb. be made to do sh.My parents have always made me feel good about myself. (feel/to feel)2)The black workers were made to do the heavy work in tho

22、se days. (do/to do)was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web. share sth. with sb和某人分享、分擔(dān)某事It s always better to your worries and problems.A. enjoy B. share C. like D. appreciate2)如果你能讓我搭車(give me a lift),我將和你分擔(dān)費(fèi)用。I ll share the fees with you if you can give me a lift.9. i

23、n a way在某種程度上；從某一角度看 (相當(dāng)于in one/some wayIn a way, our programmers like our coach.從某種程度上看,我們的程序員就像是我們的教練。(P23)歸納拓展(1) in a way在某種程度上in_ the way擋住去路；礙事、妨礙(3) on ones way to 在去的路上on the way在途中in_ the way 順便說(shuō)(問(wèn))by way of通過(guò)、經(jīng)由。in this way通過(guò)這種辦法(8) in_ no way 決不any way無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣練一練用way的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空。(1) Perhaps h

24、e should have said nothing but any way it was his duty. I m sorry but your legs iin the way.(3) I got caught in the heavy rain on my way home home.三、重點(diǎn)句型1. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as analytical machine by Charles Babbage.It took/was +一段時(shí)間 + bef

25、ore 從何” 意為 過(guò)后才”1)過(guò)了五小時(shí)我們才到達(dá)村莊。It was 5 hours before we reached the village.The research will take Joan and Jack about five months, it will be a long time we meet them again.A. after B. before C. since D. whenOver time my memory has developed_so much that, like an elephant,I never forget anything I h

26、ave been told.And my memory became_so largejhaeven I couldn t believe it.句型：sothat如此以致于引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so + adj/adv+that 從旬so + adj+ a/an加數(shù)名詞 +that 從句so + many/much/few/little+ 名詞 +that 從旬拓展：suchthat 如此以致于”也可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句(1)such +a/an+ adj彈數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句such + adj+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句such + 不復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that從句考例 1 The weather

27、was cold that I didn t like to leave my room.A. really B. such C. too D. so考例 2 I haven t seen Ann for thangI ve forgotten what she looks like.A. suchB. very C. soD. too考例 3 She is a lovely girl that we all like her.A. suchB. veryC. soD. too考例 4 She was in a hurry that she forgot the ticket.A. suchB

28、. veryC. soD. too注意：與too9句型的相互轉(zhuǎn)換He is too old to carry the box.=He is so_ old thathe can t carry the box.=He is such an old man_thahe can t carry the box.四.語(yǔ)法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(一)概念【觀察與思考】I.Our classroom has been cleans d so you neednt clean it now.The letters have not been typed by now.Have the clothes be

29、en washed?(二)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的肯定式和否定式的構(gòu)成have(has) been done(三)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法.表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在說(shuō)話之前 （即現(xiàn)在的過(guò)去），強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和 結(jié)果。如：The door has been locked門被鎖上了。（結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有人能進(jìn)去）.在過(guò)去發(fā)生的一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的并可能持續(xù)下去的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或用于“How 10ng.2 ”句型中。這臺(tái)機(jī)器已經(jīng)使用了三年了。The machine has been used for 3 years.這部車修了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？H

30、ow long has the car been repaired?（四）使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)需要注意的問(wèn)題.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，即have（has）F口 been兩者缺一不可。He has repaired the computer. Have they painted the door?fThe computer has been repaired by hirnr Have the door been painted?.注意與一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別。（1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候，其結(jié)果對(duì) 現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響；（2）而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)作

31、或狀態(tài)盡管發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但側(cè) 重說(shuō)明該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。例如：The house was built last yearX房子是去年建造的。The house has been buil這房子已經(jīng)建好了。. 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如 borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join 等 構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。若要表達(dá)相應(yīng)的意思，則要改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。How long has this dictionary been borrowed （當(dāng)（換動(dòng)詞 keep） How 10ng has this dic

32、tionary been kept?.副詞的位置often, usually, always, never, hardl冷副詞通常置于 have/has和 been的中間。如： Such a man has been hardly believed. ） x正：Such a man has hardly been believed.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持完整性，不可省略短 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞或副詞。例如：The police have looked into the problem. -The problem has been looked into by thepoli

33、ce.檢測(cè)案一.Choose the best answer according to the sentences.My brother works at the power station that _ in my hometown.A. has set up B. has been set up C. was set up D. is set upthe sports meet will be put off.A. I ve been toB. I ve told C. Im told D. I told How long at this job? Since 1990.A. were you employedB. have you been employedC. had you been employed D. will you be employedWhen to go for the holiday yet.A. is not decidedB. was not decidedC. is not being decidedD. has not been decidedBetty injured since last Satu