2017年考研英語二真題及答案解析

1、2017年考研英語二真題及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics, writers, and ac

2、tivists once again _1_ that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by _2_. A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive _3_ holds that the f

3、uture will be a wasteland of a different sort, one _4_ by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_, people will simply become lazy and depressed. _6_, todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for a

4、t least a year report having depression, double the rate for _7_ Americans. Also, some research suggests that the _8_ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting _9_ poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many _10_ the agonizing

5、 dullness of a jobless future.But it doesnt _11_ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the _12_ of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the _13_ of work, a society designed with other ends in m

6、ind could _14_ strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the _15_ of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These day

7、s, because leisure time is relatively _16_ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional _17_ of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard days work, I often feel _18_,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I dont have to work, I might feel rathe

8、r different”perhaps different enough to throw himself _19_ a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for _20_ matters.1.A boasting B denying C warning D ensuring【答案】C【解析】答案為C。動詞詞義辨析。作家學(xué)者警示人們技術(shù)會代替人類勞動。boast吹噓、自負。deny否認。ensure確保。warning警示，警告。2.A inequality B instability C unreli

9、ability D uncertainty【答案】A【解析】答案為A。上下文理解。根據(jù)后文富人會擁有所有資產(chǎn)，貧困地區(qū)也會扎堆，可以看出此處想表達不平等的意思。inequality不平等，instability不穩(wěn)定性，unreliability不可靠性，uncertainty不確定性。3.A policy Bguideline C resolution D prediction【答案】D【解析】答案為D。詞義辨析。policy政策，guideline指導(dǎo)方針，resolution決心，prediction預(yù)測。該句意為：另外一種預(yù)測認為。4.A characterized Bdivided

10、C balanced Dmeasured【答案】A【解析】答案為A。動詞詞義辨析。該句意為未來社會的特點是無目的性。5. A wisdom B meaning C glory D freedom【答案】B【解析】答案為B。詞義辨析，上下文理解。沒有了工作富裕生活的意義，人們會變得懶散沮喪。其他幾項不符合題意。6. A Instead B Indeed C Thus D Nevertheless【答案】B【解析】答案為B?？疾楦痹~。Indeed實際上，那些失業(yè)者生活并不美好。7.A rich B urban Cworking D educated【答案】C【解析】答案為C。上下文理解。前面提到失

11、業(yè)的美國人在和工作的美國人做對比。8.A explanation B requirement C compensation D substitute【答案】A【解析】答案為A。詞義辨析。死亡率升高，心理健康問題等是因為沒有工資待遇較好的工作，這就解釋了原因問題。Explanation符合題意。9.A under B beyond C alongside D among【答案】D【解析】答案為D。介詞辨析。沒有受到良好教育的中年人中間這些問題比較嚴重。10.A leave behind B make up C worry about D set aside【答案】C【解析】答案為C。固定搭配意思

12、辨析。Worry about擔(dān)心，leave behind丟棄，使落后make up 組成，set aside 留出，把放在一旁。該句意為這就是為什么人們擔(dān)心未來無工作的無聊。11.A statistically B occasionally C necessarily D economically【答案】C【解析】答案為C。副詞詞義辨析。Necessarily必然地，statistically統(tǒng)計地，occasionally偶然地，economically經(jīng)濟上地。該句想表達并不必然的意思。12.A chances B downsides C benefits D principles【答案

13、】B【解析】答案為B。理解上下文。前面說沒有工作會導(dǎo)致不安，這些觀念是來源于在職業(yè)概念的社會中失業(yè)的消極面。13. A absence B height C face D course【答案】A【解析】答案為A。固定搭配。In absence of 缺乏，in height of 在高度，in face of 面臨，in course of 在中。該句意為如果沒有工作，也就是in absence of job。14. A disturb B restore C exclude D yield【答案】D【解析】答案為D。動詞詞義辨析。沒有工作的社會能為人們帶來放松。Yield 有獲得，帶來的意思

14、，disturb打擾，妨礙，restore恢復(fù)，交還，exclude排斥15. A model B practice C virtue D hardship【答案】C【解析】答案為C。詞義辨析。根據(jù)后面工作的缺點可以推測此處想表達工作的優(yōu)點被過分夸大了。virtue優(yōu)點，好處。16.A tricky B lengthy C mysterious D scarce【答案】D【解析】答案為D。詞義辨析和上下文理解。休閑時間對工作人來說相對較少。17.A demands B standards C qualities D threats【答案】A【解析】答案為A。詞義辨析。閑暇時間來平衡人們的智力和

15、情感需求。18.A ignored B tired C confused D starved【答案】B【解析】答案為B。詞義理解。下班回到家感覺到疲憊。Starved饑餓的。19.A off B against C behind D into【答案】D【解析】答案為D。固定搭配和介詞使用。Throw into投身于，throw off擺脫，throw against扔掉，throw behind拋開。投身到自己的愛好之中。20. A technological B professional C educational D interpersonal【答案】B【解析】答案為B。詞義辨析。一些需要

16、專業(yè)技能的項目?！驹囶}點評】完型填空為了測試考生實際應(yīng)用英語的能力和語感。具體說來，是從語篇的角度綜合測試考生的閱讀理解能力、詞匯的掌握和對英語習(xí)慣用語的熟悉程度、以及語法規(guī)則的靈活運用。這部分大家一定要注重思路和尋找線索能力的訓(xùn)練，一般做題的基本思路是，根據(jù)已知信息去填空，根據(jù)空前后的線索來選擇填什么。比方說，題目讓考生填主句的內(nèi)容，那么從句中就會有相應(yīng)的說明。題目讓考生填動詞，原文常常在別的地方出現(xiàn)這個動詞的同義詞。那么如何判斷呢？首先根據(jù)需要填寫動詞后面出現(xiàn)的賓語，找到有同一賓語的句子，該句中的動詞就是所需填寫詞的同義詞。具體相關(guān)知識點和解題思路在 HYPERLINK / o 考研教育網(wǎng)

17、 t /gonggongke/2018/0121/_blank 考研教育網(wǎng)強化階段英語強化班的完型填空部分有重點講解。Section Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,0

18、00 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddel

19、eys world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic “l(fā)egacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a na

20、tion of sport lovers away from their couches。 The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the runup to 2012but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now f

21、alling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers

22、 answers。Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports

23、 and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports association

24、s. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have preside

25、d over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education。 Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.1.According to Paragraph1, Parkrun

26、 has_.A gained great popularityB created many jobsC strengthened community tiesD become an official festival【答案】A【解析】答案為A。通過題干可以定位在第一段，可以通過，每天超過五萬人跑步、引發(fā)了400場運動在英國和在國外等信息得知，公園跑很受歡迎。2.The author believes that Londons Olympic “l(fā)egacy” has failed to_.A boost population growthB promote sport participatio

27、nC improve the citys imageD increase sport hours in schools【答案】B【解析】答案為B。通過題干倫敦和奧林匹克遺產(chǎn)可以定位到第二段，題目問的是倫敦奧運會的遺產(chǎn)沒有做成什么事，題干中的failed to可以對應(yīng)第二段即使看到了failing，但并沒有答案。再往下看，倫敦奧運會承諾，人口將會更健康、更多冠軍，但這并沒有發(fā)生，not happed才真正對應(yīng)failed to.3.Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_.A aims at discovering talentsB

28、focuses on mass competitionC does not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timers【答案】C【解析】答案為C。這道題定位在第三段的中間，奧林匹克的倡導(dǎo)者相反，想要更多的參與運動創(chuàng)造更多的精英。4.With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_.A organize “grassroots” sports eventsB supervise local sports associationsC increase fun

29、ds for sports clubsD invest in public sports facilities【答案】D【解析】答案為D。提到大眾體育，作者認為政府應(yīng)該投資公共的體育設(shè)施。政府在第四段的中間，講到政府應(yīng)該訓(xùn)練的空間、用錢去鋪設(shè)網(wǎng)球場。這里是答案的同意轉(zhuǎn)換。5.The authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_.A tolerantB criticalC uncertainD sympathetic【答案】B【解析】答案為B。最后一段but轉(zhuǎn)折后說，繼任的政府賣綠地、減少本地政府的預(yù)算同時減少在

30、體育方面的關(guān)注度，所以持批判態(tài)度。Text 2With so much focus on childrens use of screens, its easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it h

31、ard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 p

32、ercent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents face

33、s to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive as they often are when absorbed in a device it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother i

34、s asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention. “Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs

35、to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are born out of an oppressive ideology that demands that parents

36、should always be interacting with their children: “Its based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesn

37、t mean theres no value to itparticularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then

38、be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to _.Asimplify routine mattersBabsorb user attentionCbetter interpersonal relationsDincrease work efficiency【答案】B【解析】答案為B。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題原文第一段“digital products are there to promote maximal eng

39、agement.”可知，B選項中absorb和promote對應(yīng)，user attention和engagement 對應(yīng)。27. Radeskys food-testing exercise shows that mothers use of devices _.Atakes away babies appetiteBdistracts childrens attentionCslows down babies verbal developmentDreduces mother-child communication【答案】D【解析】答案為D。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文第二段“She found th

40、at mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.” 可知，D選項中reduce communication和started fewer verbal and fewer nonverbal interactions對應(yīng)。28. Radeskys cites the still face experiment to show that _.Ait is eas

41、y for children to get used to blank expressionsBverbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeCchildren are insensitive to changes in their parents moodDparents need to respond to childrens emotional needs【答案】D【解析】答案為D。例證題。根據(jù)原文第三段“there needs to be a balance and parents need to be respons

42、ive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need” 可知，D選項中need to respond to children s emotional needs和本句同意替換。因此D選項是正確選項。29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_.Aprotect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesBteach their kids at least 30,

43、000 words a yearCensure constant interaction with their childrenDremain concerned about kids use of screens【答案】C【解析】答案為C。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文第四段“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting with their children.”可知，C選項中constant interaction 與always be interacting 同義替換，因此C選項是正確選項。30.

44、According to Tronick, kids use of screens may_.Agive their parents some free timeBmake their parents more creativeChelp them with their homeworkDhelp them become more attentive【答案】A【解析】答案為A。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文第四段“particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from t

45、heir child.”可知，A選項give their parents some free time和gives parents time 同義替換。Text 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year

46、. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesnt it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesnt feel natural to spend a year doing something that isnt academic.But while this may be true, its not a good enough reason to condemn gap

47、years. Theres always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated race to the finish line, whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits-in fact

48、, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new

49、 responsibilities and environmental changes-all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather tha

50、n acclimation blunders.If youre not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors

51、at least once. This isnt surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. Its not necessarily a bad thing, but depending o

52、n the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress

53、and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that_.Athey think it academically misleadingBthey have a lot of fun to expect in collegeCit feels strange to do differently from othersDit seems worthless to take off-campus courses【答案】C【解析】答案為C。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原

54、文第一段第二句話“After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesnt it?”可知，本句用反問的形式表達了原因之一在于他們不想和其他人不同。所以C正確。32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_.Akeep students from being unrealisticBlower risks in choosing career

55、sCease freshmens financial burdensDrelieve freshmen of pressures【答案】D【解析】答案為D。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文第三段的第二句話“Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changesall things that first-year students often struggle with the

56、 most.”可知，此句中pushes them ahead by preparing them for.與D選項 relieve freshmen of 進行同義改寫。often struggle with the most對應(yīng)的是本句中的Pressure，first-years students 對應(yīng)freshmen。D選項全方位替換。33. The word acclimation (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to_.AadaptationBapplicationCmotivationDcompetition【答案】A【解析】答案為A。

57、詞義題。根據(jù)原文第三段最后一句話“Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.”可知，當(dāng)談到適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活并且很快融入到一個全新的環(huán)境這個問題時，擁有空檔年方面的經(jīng)驗可以減少相關(guān)的打擊，這就使得專注去學(xué)習(xí)并且參與活動而不

58、是_更容易。各選項代入，A最符合語義，和前面的adjusting to形成復(fù)現(xiàn)。34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_.Aavoid academic failuresBestablish long-term goalsCswitch to another collegeDdecide on the right major【答案】D【解析】答案為D。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文第四段第一句和第三句話“If youre not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year of

59、f to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices.”可知，本句中financial impact與題干中的money 相對應(yīng)，順沿看后面的信息第三句“This isnt surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their coll

60、ege applications, but switching to another after taking college classes.”可知，學(xué)生在確定專業(yè)時會有困難。綜合前后語義，可知 D正確。35. The most suitable title for this text would be_.AIn Favor of the Gap YearBThe ABCs of the Gap YearCThe Gap Year Comes BackDThe Gap Year: A Dilemma【答案】A【解析】答案為A。主旨題。本文開篇通過學(xué)生對于空檔年的看法不接受，引出文章的主題詞t