塑料注塑模具中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)

1、外文翻譯及原文（文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯）【原文一】CONCURRENTDESIGNOFPLASTICSINJECTIONMOULDSAbstractTheplasticproductmanufacturingindustryhasbeengrowingrapidlyinrecentyears.Oneofthemostpopularprocessesformakingplasticpartsisinjectionmoulding.Thedesignofinjectionmouldiscriticallyimportanttoproductqualityandefficientproductpr

2、ocessing.Mould-makingcompanies,whowishtomaintainthecompetitiveedge,desiretoshortenbothdesignandmanufacturingleadingtimesofthebyapplyingasystematicmoulddesignprocess.Themouldindustryisanimportantsupportindustryduringtheproductdevelopmentprocess,servingasanimportantlinkbetweentheproductdesignerandmanu

3、facturer.Productdevelopmenthaschangedfromthetraditionalserialprocessofdesign,followedbymanufacture,toamoreorganizedconcurrentprocesswheredesignandmanufactureareconsideredataveryearlystageofdesign.Theconceptofconcurrentengineering(CE)isnolongernewandyetitisstillapplicableandrelevantintodaysmanufactur

4、ingenvironment.Teamworkingspirit,managementinvolvement,totaldesignprocessandintegrationofITtoolsarestilltheessenceofCE.TheapplicationofTheCEprocesstothedesignofaninjectionprocessinvolvesthesimultaneousconsiderationofplasticpartdesign,moulddesignandinjectionmouldingmachineselection,productionscheduli

5、ngandcostasearlyaspossibleinthedesignstage.Thispaperpresentsthebasicstructureofaninjectionmoulddesign.Thebasisofthissystemarisesfromananalysisoftheinjectionmoulddesignprocessformoulddesigncompanies.Thisinjectionmoulddesignsystemcoversboththemoulddesignprocessandmouldknowledgemanagement.Finallythepri

6、ncipleofconcurrentengineeringprocessisoutlinedandthenitsprincipleisappliedtothedesignofaplasticinjectionmould.Keywords:Plasticinjectionmoulddesign,Concurrentengineering,Computeraidedengineering,Mouldingconditions,Plasticinjectionmoulding,FlowsimulationIntroductionInjectionmouldsarealwaysexpensivetom

7、ake,unfortunatelywithoutamoulditcannotbepossiblehohaveamouldedproduct.Everymouldmakerhashis/herownapproachtodesignamouldandtherearemanydifferentwaysofdesigningandbuildingamould.Surelyoneofthemostcriticalparameterstobeconsideredinthedesignstageofthemouldisthenumberofcavities,methodsofinjection,typeso

8、frunners,methodsofgating,methodsofejection,capacityandfeaturesoftheinjectionmouldingmachines.Mouldcost,mouldqualityandcostofmouldproductareinseparableIntodayscompletiveenvironment,computeraidedmouldfillingSimulationpackagescanaccuratelypredictthefillpatternsofanypart.Thisallowsforquicksimulationsofg

9、ateplacementsandhelpsfindingtheoptimallocation.Engineerscanperformmouldingtrialsonthecomputerbeforethepartdesigniscompleted.Processengineerscansystematicallypredictadesignandprocesswindow,andcanobtaininformationaboutthecumulativeeffectoftheprocessvariablesthatinfluencepartperformance,cost,andappeara

10、nce.InjectionMouldingInjectionmouldingisoneofthemosteffectivewaystobringoutthebestinplastics.Itisuniversallyusedtomakecomplex,finishedparts,ofteninasinglestep,economically,preciselyandwithlittlewaste.Massproductionofplasticpartsmostlyutilizesmoulds.Themanufacturingprocessandinvolvingmouldsmustbedesi

11、gnedafterpassingthroughtheappearanceevaluationandthestructureoptimizationoftheproductdesign.Designersfaceahugenumberofoptionswhentheycreateinjection-mouldedcomponents.Concurrentengineeringrequiresanengineertoconsiderthemanufacturingprocessofthedesignedproductinthedevelopmentphase.Agooddesignofthepro

12、ductisunabletogotothemarketifitsmanufacturingprocessisimpossibleortooexpensive.Integrationofprocesssimulation,rapidprototypingandmanufacturingcanreducetheriskassociatedwithmovingfromCADtoCAMandfurtherenhancethevalidityoftheproductdevelopment.ImportanceofComputerAidedInjectionMouldDesignTheinjectionm

13、ouldingdesigntaskcanbehighlycomplex.ComputerAidedEngineering(CAE)analysistoolsprovideenormousadvantagesofenablingdesignengineerstoconsidervirtuallyandpart,mouldandinjectionparameterswithouttherealuseofanymanufacturingandtime.Thepossibilityoftryingalternativedesignsorconceptsonthecomputerscreengivest

14、heengineerstheopportunitytoeliminatepotentialproblemsbeforebeginningtherealproduction.Moreover,invirtualenvironment,designerscanquicklyandeasilyassesthesensitivityofspecificmouldingparametersonthequalityandmanufacturabilityofthefinalproduct.AlltheseCAEtoolsenablealltheseanalysistobecompletedinameter

15、ofdaysorevenhours,ratherthanweeksormonthsneededfortherealexperimentaltrialanderrorcycles.AsCAEisusedintheearlydesignofpart,mouldandmouldingparameters,thecostsavingsaresubstantialnotonlybecauseofbestfunctioningpartandtimesavingsbutalsotheshortensthetimeneededtolaunchtheproducttothemarket.Theneedtomee

16、tsettolerancesofplasticparttiesintoallaspectsofthemouldingprocess,includingpartsizeandshape,resinchemicalstructure,thefillersused,mouldcavitylayout,gating,mouldcoolingandthereleasemechanismsused.Giventhiscomplexity,designersoftenusecomputerdesigntools,suchasfiniteelementanalysis(FEA)andmouldfillinga

17、nalysis(MFA),toreducedevelopmenttimeandcost.FEAdeterminesstrain,stressanddeflectioninapartbydividingthestructureintosmallelementswheretheseparameterscanbewelldefined.MFAevaluatesgatepositionandsizetooptimizeresinflow.Italsodefinesplacementofweldlines,areasofexcessivestress,andhowwallandribthicknessa

18、ffectflow.Otherfiniteelementdesigntoolsincludemouldcoolinganalysisfortemperaturedistribution,andcycletimeandshrinkageanalysisfordimensionalcontrolandpredictionoffrozenstressandwarpage.TheCAEanalysisofcompressionmouldedpartsisshowninFigure1.TheanalysiscyclestartswiththecreationofaCADmodelandafiniteel

19、ementmeshofthemouldcavity.Aftertheinjectionconditionsarespecified,mouldfilling,fiberorientation,curingandthermalhistory,shrinkageandwarpagecanbesimulated.Thematerialpropertiescalculatedbythesimulationcanbeusedtomodelthestructuralbehaviourofthepart.Ifrequired,partdesign,gatelocationandprocessingcondi

20、tionscanbemodifiedinthecomputeruntilanacceptablepartisobtained.Aftertheanalysisisfinishedanoptimizedpartcanbeproducedwithreducedweldline(knownalsoknitline),optimizedstrength,controlledtemperaturesandcuring,minimizedshrinkageandwarpage.Machiningofthemouldswasformerlydonemanually,withatoolmakercheckin

21、geachcut.ThisprocessbecamemoreautomatedwiththegrowthandwidespreaduseofcomputernumericallycontrolledorCNCmachiningcentres.SetuptimehasalsobeensignificantlyreducedthroughtheuseofspecialsoftwarecapableofgeneratingcutterpathsdirectlyfromaCADdatafile.Spindlespeedsashighas100,000rpmprovidefurtheradvancesi

22、nhighspeedmachining.Cuttingmaterialshavedemonstratedphenomenalperformancewithouttheuseofanycutting/coolantfluidwhatsoever.Asaresult,theprocessofmachiningcomplexcoresandcavitieshasbeenaccelerated.Itisgoodnewsthatthetimeittakestogenerateamouldisconstantlybeingreduced.Thebadnews,ontheotherhand,isthatev

23、enwithalltheseadvances,designingandmanufacturingofthemouldcanstilltakealongtimeandcanbeextremelyexpensive.CADmodelFiniteelementmeshCAECAEstructuralIprocessinganalysisMaterialproperties1simulationptimisedpartFillingandpackinganalysisMouldcoolinganalysisShrinkageandwarpageanalysisWeldlineanalysisFibre

24、inducedanalysisCrystallizationanalysisEliminateweldlineOptimalstrengthOptimalweightControlledtemperatureMinimisedwamaeandshrinkageFigure1CAEanalysisofinjectionmouldedpartsManycompanyexecutivesnowrealizehowvitalitistodeploynewproductstomarketrapidly.Newproductsarethekeytocorporateprosperity.Theydrive

25、corporaterevenues,marketshares,bottomlinesandshareprices.Acompanyabletolaunchgoodqualityproductswithreasonablepricesaheadoftheircompetitionnotonlyrealizes100%ofthemarketbeforerivalproductsarrivebutalsotendstomaintainadominantpositionforafewyearsevenaftercompetitiveproductshavefinallybeenannounced(Sm

26、ith,1991).Formostproducts,thesetwoadvantagesaredramatic.Rapidproductdevelopmentisnowakeyaspectofcompetitivesuccess.Figure2showsthatonly37%oftheproductmixfromtheaverageindustrialorelectronicscompanyislessthan5yearsold.Forcompaniesinthetopquartile,thenumberincreasesto15-25%.Forworld-classfirms,itis60-

27、80%(Thompson,1996).Thebestcompaniescontinuouslydevelopnewproducts.AtHewlett-Packard,over80%oftheprofitsresultfromproductslessthan2yearsold!(Neel,1997)807060hO406()210OIndustrialElectronicsAverageTop25%Top10%Figure2.Importanceofnewproduct(Jacobs,2000)Withtheadvancesincomputertechnologyandartificialin

28、telligence,effortshavebeendirectedtoreducethecostandleadtimeinthedesignandmanufactureofaninjectionmould.Injectionmoulddesignhasbeenthemainareaofinterestsinceitisacomplexprocessinvolvingseveralsub-designsrelatedtovariouscomponentsofthemould,eachrequiringexpertknowledgeandexperience.Leeet.al.(1997)pro

29、posedasystematicmethodologyandknowledgebaseforinjectionmoulddesigninaconcurrentengineeringenvironment.ConcurrentEngineeringinMouldDesignConcurrentEngineering(CE)isasystematicapproachtointegratedproductdevelopmentprocess.Itrepresentsteamvaluesofco-operation,trustandsharinginsuchamannerthatdecisionmak

30、ingisbyconsensus,involvingallperspectivesinparallel,fromtheverybeginningoftheproductlife-cycle(Evans,1998).Essentially,CEprovidesacollaborative,co-operative,collectiveandsimultaneousengineeringworkingenvironment.Aconcurrentengineeringapproachisbasedonfivekeyelements:processmultidisciplinaryteaminteg

31、rateddesignmodelfacilitysoftwareinfrastructureShortenedleadtimeHighqualityLowcostConcurrentstudy-reducinglosses(b)Figure3Methodologiesinplasticinjectionmoulddesign,a)Serialengineeringb)ConcurrentengineeringIntheplasticsandmouldindustry,CEisveryimportantduetothehighcosttoolingandlongleadtimes.Typical

32、ly,CEisutilizedbymanufacturingprototypetoolingearlyinthedesignphasetoanalyzeandadjustthedesign.Productiontoolingismanufacturedasthefinalstep.Themanufacturingprocessandinvolvingmouldsmustbedesignedafterpassingthroughtheappearanceevaluationandthestructureoptimizationoftheproductdesign.CErequiresanengi

33、neertoconsiderthemanufacturingprocessofthedesignedproductinthedevelopmentphase.Agooddesignoftheproductisunabletogotothemarketifitsmanufacturingprocessisimpossible.IntegrationofprocesssimulationandrapidprototypingandmanufacturingcanreducetheriskassociatedwithmovingfromCADtoCAMandfurtherenhancethevali

34、dityoftheproductdevelopment.Foryears,designershavebeenrestrictedinwhattheycanproduceastheygenerallyhavetodesignformanufacture(DFM)Phatis,adjusttheirdesignintenttoenablethecomponent(orassembly)tobemanufacturedusingaparticularprocessorprocesses.Inaddition,ifamouldisusedtoproduceanitem,therearetherefor

35、eautomaticallyinherentrestrictionstothedesignimposedattheverybeginning.Takinginjectionmouldingasanexample,inordertoprocessacomponentsuccessfully,ataminimum,thefollowingdesignelementsneedtobetakenintoaccount:.geometry;.draftangles,.Nonre-entrantsshapes,.nearconstantwallthickness,.complexity,.splitlin

36、elocation,and.surfacefinish,materialchoice;rationalisationofcomponents(reducingassemblies);cost.Ininjectionmoulding,themanufactureofthemouldtoproducetheinjection-mouldedcomponentsisusuallythelongestpartoftheproductdevelopmentprocess.Whenutilisingrapidmodelling,theCADtakesthelongertimeandthereforebec

37、omesthebottleneck.Theprocessdesignandinjectionmouldingofplasticsinvolvesrathercomplicatedandtimeconsumingactivitiesincludingpartdesign,moulddesign,injectionmouldingmachineselection,productionscheduling,toolingandcostestimation.Traditionallyalltheseactivitiesaredonebypartdesignersandmouldmakingperson

38、nelinasequentialmanneraftercompletinginjectionmouldedplasticpartdesign.Obviouslythesesequentialstagescouldleadtolongproductdevelopmenttime.Howeverwiththeimplementationofconcurrentengineeringprocessintheallparameterseffectingproductdesign,moulddesign,machineselection,productionscheduling,toolingandpr

39、ocessingcostareconsideredasearlyaspossibleinthedesignoftheplasticpart.Whenusedeffectively,CAEmethodsprovideenormouscostandtimesavingsforthepartdesignandmanufacturing.Thesetoolsallowengineerstovirtuallytesthowthepartwillbeprocessedandhowitperformsduringitsnormaloperatinglife.Thematerialsupplier,desig

40、ner,moulderandmanufacturershouldapplythesetoolsconcurrentlyearlyinthedesignstageoftheplasticpartsinordertoexploitthecostbenefitofCAE.CAEmakesitpossibletoreplacetraditional,sequentialdecision-makingprocedureswithaconcurrentdesignprocess,inwhichallpartiescaninteractandshareinformation,Figure3.Forplast

41、icinjectionmoulding,CAEandrelateddesigndataprovideanintegratedenvironmentthatfacilitatesconcurrentengineeringforthedesignandmanufactureofthepartandmould,aswellasmaterialselectionandsimulationofoptimalprocesscontrolparameters.QualitativeexpensecomparisonassociatedwiththepartdesignchangesisshowninFigu

42、re4,showingthefactthatwhendesignchangesaredoneatanearlystagesonthecomputerscreen,thecostassociatedwithisanorderof10.000timeslowerthanthatifthepartisinproduction.Thesemodificationsinplasticpartscouldarisefrommouldmodifications,suchasgatelocation,thicknesschanges,productiondelays,qualitycosts,machines

43、etuptimes,ordesignchangeinplasticparts.DesignChangesCostDeslanStaaeFigure4Costofdesignchangesduringpartproductdevelopmentcycle(Rioset.al,2001)Attheearlydesignstage,partdesignersandmouldershavetofinalisepartdesignbasedontheirexperienceswithsimilarparts.Howeverasthepartsbecomemorecomplex,itgetsratherd

44、ifficulttopredictprocessingandpartperformancewithouttheuseofCAEtools.Thusforevenrelativelycomplexparts,theuseofCAEtoolstopreventthelateandexpensivedesignchangesandproblemsthatcanariseduringandafterinjection.Forthesuccessfulimplementationofconcurrentengineering,theremustbebuy-infromeveryoneinvolved.C

45、aseStudyFigure5showstheinitialCADdesignofplasticspartusedforthesprinklerirrigationhydrantleg.Oneoftheessentialfeaturesofthepartisthattheparthastoremainflatafterinjection;anywarpingduringtheinjectioncausesoperatingproblems.Anotherimportantfeaturetheplasticparthastohaveisahighbendingstiffness.Anumbero

46、ffeedersindifferentorientationwereaddedtothepartasshowninFigure5b.Thesefeedersshouldbedesignedinawaythatithastocontributetheweightofthepartasminimumaspossible.a(a)(b)Figure5Legofagriculturalsprinklerirrigatinghydrantleg.Beforethedesignofthemould,theflowanalysisoftheplasticpartwascarriedoutwithMoldfl

47、owsoftwaretoenabletheselectionofthebestgatelocationFigure6a.Thefigureindicatesthatthebestpointforthegatelocationisthemiddlefeederatthecentreofthepart.Asthedistortionandwarpageofthepartafterinjectionwasvitalfromthefunctionalitypointofviewandithastobekeptataminimumlevel,thesamesoftwarewasalsoutilisedt

48、oyiledthewarpageanalysis.Figure5bshowstheresultsimplyingthefactthatthewarpagewellafterinjectionremainswithinthepredefineddimensionaltolerances.Figure6.Moldflowanalysisofa)bestgatelocation,b)warpageoftheplasticinjectionpartDeflection,alleffects:DeflectionScaleFactor=1000Bestgatelocation=1.COOmmConclu

49、sionsIntheplasticinjectionmoulding,theCADmodeloftheplasticpartobtainedfromcommercial3Dprogramscouldbeusedforthepartperformanceandinjectionprocessanalyses.WiththeaidofCEAtechnologyandtheuseofconcurrentengineeringmethodology,notonlytheinjectionmouldcanbedesignedandmanufacturedinaveryshortofperiodoftim

50、ewithaminimisedcostbutalsoallpotentialproblemswhichmayarisefrompartdesign,moulddesignandprocessingparameterscouldbeeliminatedattheverybeginningofthemoulddesign.Thesetwotoolshelppartdesignersandmouldmakerstodevelopagoodproductwithabetterdeliveryandfastertoolingwithlesstimeandmoney.ReferencesSmithP,Re

51、inertsenD,Thetime-to-marketrace,In:DevelopingProductsinHalftheTime.NewYork,VanNostrandReinhold,pp.3-13,1991ThompsonJ,Thetotalproductdevelopmentorganization.ProceedingsoftheSecondAsia-PacificRapidProductDevelopmentConference,Brisbane,1996NeelR,Dontstopaftertheprototype,SeventhInternationalConferenceo

52、nRapidPrototyping,SanFrancisco,1997JacobsPF,“Chapter3:RapidProductDevelopmentinRapidTooling:TechnologiesandIndustrialApplications,Ed.PeterD.Hilton;PaulF.Jacobs,MarcelDecker,2000LeeR-S,Chen,Y-M,andLee,CZ,“Developmentofaconcurrentmoulddesignsystem:aknowledgebasedapproach,ComputerIntegratedManufacturin

53、gSystems,10(4),287307,1997EvansB.,“SimultaneousEngineering,MechanicalEngineering,Vol.110,No.2,pp.38-39,1998RiosA,Gramann,PJandDavisB,“ComputerAidedEngineeringinCompressionMolding,CompositesFabricatorsAssociationAnnualConference,TampaBay,2001【譯文一】塑料注塑模具并行設(shè)計(jì)塑料制品制造業(yè)近年迅速成長(zhǎng)。其中最受歡迎的制作過(guò)程是注塑塑料零件。注塑模具的設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)

54、量和效率的產(chǎn)品加工非常重要。模具公司想保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)就必須縮短模具設(shè)計(jì)和制造的周期。模具是工業(yè)的一個(gè)重要支持行業(yè)，在產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中作為一個(gè)重要產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)師和制造商之間的聯(lián)系。產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)經(jīng)歷了從傳統(tǒng)的串行開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)制造到有組織的并行設(shè)計(jì)和制造過(guò)程中,被認(rèn)為是在非常早期的階段的設(shè)計(jì)。并行工程的概念(CE)不再是新的,但它仍然是適用于當(dāng)今的相關(guān)環(huán)境。團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神、管理參與、總體設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程和整合IT工具仍然是并行工程的本質(zhì)。CE過(guò)程的應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì)的注射過(guò)程包括同時(shí)考慮塑件設(shè)計(jì)、模具設(shè)計(jì)和注塑成型機(jī)的選擇、生產(chǎn)調(diào)度和成本中盡快設(shè)計(jì)階段。介紹了注射模具的基本結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。在該系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，模具設(shè)計(jì)公司分析注塑模具設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。

55、該注射模設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)包括模具設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程及模具知識(shí)管理。最后的原則概述了塑料注射模并行工程過(guò)程并對(duì)其原理應(yīng)用到設(shè)計(jì)。關(guān)鍵詞:塑料注射模設(shè)計(jì)、并行工程、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助工程、成型條件、塑料注塑、流動(dòng)模擬1、簡(jiǎn)介注塑模具總是昂貴的，不幸的是沒(méi)有模具就不可能生產(chǎn)模具制品。每一個(gè)模具制造商都有他/她自己的方法來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)模具，有許多不同的設(shè)計(jì)與建造模具。當(dāng)然最關(guān)鍵的參數(shù)之一，要考慮到模具設(shè)計(jì)階段是大量的計(jì)算、注射的方法，澆注的的方法、研究注射成型機(jī)容量和特點(diǎn)。模具的成本、模具的質(zhì)量和制件質(zhì)量是分不開(kāi)的在針對(duì)今天的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助充型模擬軟件包能準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)任何部分充填模式環(huán)境中。這允許快速模擬實(shí)習(xí)，幫助找到模具的最佳位置。工程師

56、可以在電腦上執(zhí)行成型試驗(yàn)前完成零件設(shè)計(jì)。工程師可以預(yù)測(cè)過(guò)程系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)和加工窗口并能獲得信息累積所帶來(lái)的影響，如部分過(guò)程變量影響性能、成本、外觀等。2、注射成型法注塑成型是最有效的方法之一，將塑料最好的一面呈現(xiàn)。這是普遍用于制造復(fù)雜的制件,優(yōu)點(diǎn)是簡(jiǎn)單、經(jīng)濟(jì)、準(zhǔn)確與少浪費(fèi)。塑料零件的批量生產(chǎn)主要采用模具。產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)制造過(guò)程包括模具的結(jié)構(gòu)必須經(jīng)過(guò)外觀評(píng)價(jià)和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)師創(chuàng)造注射模具組件時(shí)，他們面臨一個(gè)巨大的多種選擇，并行工程需要一個(gè)工程師考慮制產(chǎn)品在發(fā)展階段時(shí)的過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)。一個(gè)好的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)為了滿足市場(chǎng)其制造過(guò)程是不可能太貴的。CAD/CAM整合了過(guò)程仿真、快速成形制造能減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，進(jìn)一步提高產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)的有

57、效性。3、注塑模具設(shè)計(jì)重要的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助注射模具設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)是相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助工程(CAE)分析工具提供了巨大的優(yōu)勢(shì)讓設(shè)計(jì)工程師考慮幾乎所有模具、注塑參數(shù)沒(méi)有真正利用的地方。在可能性的設(shè)計(jì)、理念設(shè)計(jì)師，給工程師們機(jī)會(huì)去消除潛在的問(wèn)題，開(kāi)始真正的生產(chǎn)。此外，在虛擬環(huán)境中，設(shè)計(jì)師可以快速而方便地評(píng)估特定的成型參數(shù)敏感性的質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)最終產(chǎn)品。所有這些分析工具使所有模具設(shè)計(jì)將在一天甚至數(shù)小時(shí)完成，而不需要幾周或幾個(gè)月來(lái)做真正的實(shí)驗(yàn)反復(fù)試驗(yàn)。CAE用于早期設(shè)計(jì)的部分，模具和注塑模具參數(shù)、節(jié)約成本是實(shí)質(zhì)功能不僅是最好的部分，而且還能節(jié)省和縮短開(kāi)發(fā)產(chǎn)品推向市場(chǎng)的時(shí)間。在所有方面的成型過(guò)程中需要滿足塑料部分設(shè)

58、置的公差，包括零件的尺寸和形狀，樹(shù)脂的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)、填料使用,模具型腔布置、澆注、模具冷卻并釋放機(jī)制使用。面對(duì)這復(fù)雜性，設(shè)計(jì)師經(jīng)常使用電腦設(shè)計(jì)工具，如有限元分析(FEA)和充型分析(MFA),減少開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)間和成本。有限元分析確定部分結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)變、應(yīng)力和撓度，在那里這些參數(shù)可以很好地被定義。沖型分析位置和大小進(jìn)行優(yōu)化樹(shù)脂流動(dòng)。它還定義了焊縫的位置、面積過(guò)大的壓力以及如何影響墻壁和肋厚度流動(dòng)。其它有限元分析設(shè)計(jì)工具包括模具冷卻溫度分布,分析周期時(shí)間和收縮為空間控制和預(yù)測(cè)凍結(jié)應(yīng)力、翹曲變形等情況。采用CAE分析部分壓縮模如圖1所示。分析周期始于創(chuàng)造一個(gè)CAD模型和有限元網(wǎng)格的模具腔。在注入條件規(guī)定，充型、纖

59、維取向、固化和熱歷史、收縮和翹曲變形等情況進(jìn)行仿真。該材料的性能計(jì)算模型模擬可用于結(jié)構(gòu)的行為的一部分。如果需要部分設(shè)計(jì)澆口位置及加工條件可以在電腦上修改，直到一個(gè)可接受的零件的表達(dá)式。摘要分析了一個(gè)優(yōu)化完成部分可采用降低weldline(亦即也knitline),優(yōu)化力量、控制溫度和固化、最小收縮和翹曲變形等情況。模具加工的前身是手工制作，如檢查每一剪機(jī)床維修工。自動(dòng)化的增長(zhǎng)和普遍使用的電腦數(shù)值控制或CNC加工中心使這過(guò)程變得更加簡(jiǎn)便。設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)間也被大大降低通過(guò)使用特殊的軟件能夠產(chǎn)生刀具路徑直接從CAD數(shù)據(jù)文件提取。主軸速度高達(dá)100000每分鐘轉(zhuǎn)速提一步提出了高速加工。切削材料已經(jīng)證明了驚人

60、的表現(xiàn)而不使用任何的剪切/冷卻液，什么都沒(méi)有。作為一個(gè)結(jié)果,加工過(guò)程復(fù)雜的型心和型腔已經(jīng)加快了。CADmodelFiniteelementmeshCAEstructuralanalysisMaterialpropertiesCAEprocessingsimulationFillingandpackinganalysisMouldcoolinganalysisShrinkageandwarpageanalysisWeldlineanalysisFibreinducedanalysisCrystallizationanalysisOptimisedpart圖1的注射模CAE分析部分叫Optimal