當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題及其對(duì)策

1、網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一把多刃劍，在給當(dāng)代大學(xué)生生活、學(xué)習(xí)和交際等方面帶來(lái)諸多的方便和益處的 同時(shí)，也帶來(lái)了一系列問(wèn)題。網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題作為這些問(wèn)題之一，給大學(xué)生本身和學(xué)校學(xué)風(fēng)建 設(shè)等帶來(lái)很多的危害，引起了學(xué)界、教育界的廣泛關(guān)注。1如何解決網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題，提升 大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)素養(yǎng)已經(jīng)成為社會(huì)各界一致的共識(shí)。因此，研討和解決當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題 具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義、學(xué)術(shù)意義和理論意義。筆者擬在簡(jiǎn)述當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的 表現(xiàn)、危害及其成因的基礎(chǔ)上，分析網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題給高校心理健康教育和思想政治教育工作 帶來(lái)的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)，并提出解決大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的多維路徑與具體措施。一、當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的表現(xiàn)、危害與成因網(wǎng)

2、絡(luò)時(shí)代的到來(lái)使當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為多樣化，網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物、網(wǎng)絡(luò)娛樂(lè)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)、網(wǎng)絡(luò) 聊天等都反映了當(dāng)代大學(xué)生人生觀和價(jià)值觀的特殊性。2其中，網(wǎng)絡(luò)語(yǔ)言的變化反映了大 學(xué)生的心態(tài)變遷，從中也可以看到大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的滋長(zhǎng)。這些心理問(wèn)題已經(jīng)給當(dāng)代大 學(xué)生的心理、學(xué)習(xí)和人格、價(jià)值觀、人生觀、生活等帶來(lái)了很多的危害。造成這些嚴(yán)重后果 的原因是多方面的，值得社會(huì)各界思考和研究。（一）當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的表現(xiàn)及其危害當(dāng)代大學(xué)生目前的網(wǎng)絡(luò)語(yǔ)言和網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為反映了當(dāng)代青年大學(xué)生諸多的網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題，其 中比較嚴(yán)重和典型的是不負(fù)責(zé)任的心態(tài)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)沉迷、網(wǎng)絡(luò)依戀、網(wǎng)絡(luò)厭學(xué)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)孤獨(dú)癥、網(wǎng) 絡(luò)自卑、自我認(rèn)同碎片化等。這些不同程

3、度不同層面的網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題給當(dāng)代大學(xué)生帶來(lái)諸多 的危害，妨礙了大學(xué)生道德精神的健康成長(zhǎng)，影響了大學(xué)生心理健康的正常發(fā)展，阻礙了大 學(xué)生健全人格的形成和發(fā)展，扭曲了大學(xué)生的人生觀、價(jià)值觀，撕裂了大學(xué)生的自我認(rèn)同感。 這說(shuō)明當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與健康心理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求還有很大一段距離，這也提醒了 高校還有很多心理健康教育工作要做。3（二）當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的成因造成大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的原因不是單方面的，是多種因素共同作用的結(jié)果。其中，既 有網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境本身建設(shè)和監(jiān)管不到位的外在原因，也有學(xué)校對(duì)大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理方面教育缺位的 原因，還與大學(xué)生本人自控力、自調(diào)力不強(qiáng)有關(guān)。其中，網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境的建設(shè)和監(jiān)管不到位

4、導(dǎo)致 很多非法、不健康的信息充斥其中，極大地污染了當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的心靈世界。而學(xué)校教育包括 學(xué)科專(zhuān)業(yè)教育和思想政治教育，很多學(xué)校只重視學(xué)科專(zhuān)業(yè)教育，對(duì)大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題不夠 重視，還沒(méi)有真正形成一套解決問(wèn)題的辦法；大學(xué)生本身具有個(gè)性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)，喜歡自由的網(wǎng) 絡(luò)環(huán)境，不主動(dòng)和積極地控制自己的網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為、網(wǎng)絡(luò)語(yǔ)言和網(wǎng)絡(luò)生活，這樣難免引發(fā)諸多的 心理問(wèn)題。二、當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理給高校學(xué)生教育工作帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題給當(dāng)今我國(guó)高校心理健康教育工作和思想政治工作帶來(lái)很多 挑戰(zhàn)，比如教育理念、教育模式方式、教育內(nèi)容等，其實(shí)這也為當(dāng)今高校心理健康教育和思 想政治教育的升級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展提供了新的機(jī)遇，具

5、體情況如下：第一，教育理念層面的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的出現(xiàn)對(duì)當(dāng)下高校心理健 康教育和思想政治教育提出了新要求，要求構(gòu)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)化和信息化的教育理念。第二，教師主導(dǎo)性地位的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。網(wǎng)絡(luò)的出現(xiàn)，導(dǎo)致了大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題，這給 高校教師的主導(dǎo)地位帶來(lái)挑戰(zhàn)。高校教師要重新定位自身的角色，主動(dòng)調(diào)整自己的主導(dǎo)地位。 與此同時(shí)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展也給高校教師帶來(lái)了提高自身教育能力的機(jī)遇。第三，教育內(nèi)容層面的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題作為一種全新的心理問(wèn)題，對(duì) 現(xiàn)今高校心理健康教育和思想政治教育的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成體系提出了新的要求，要求高校將網(wǎng)絡(luò)心 理問(wèn)題一并納入大學(xué)生心理健康教育體系和思想政治教育體系，這

6、也豐富了高校教育內(nèi)容體 系。三、破解當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的多維路徑當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題應(yīng)該成為高校心理健康教育和思想政治教育的重要內(nèi)容和課 題。引發(fā)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題的因素是多方面的，牽涉的層面也很多，因此，解決當(dāng)代 大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題需要學(xué)校、教師、家庭和學(xué)生本人共同努力。具體說(shuō)來(lái)，學(xué)校層面、教 師層面、家庭層面和學(xué)生層面應(yīng)該積極采取以下針對(duì)性對(duì)策，努力構(gòu)建起當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心 理問(wèn)題解決的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制，推動(dòng)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理健康成長(zhǎng)。（一）學(xué)校層面和教師層面應(yīng)該采取的措施一是加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)的管理，凈化網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境。這就要求各大高校從技術(shù)到法治上，推動(dòng)學(xué) 校網(wǎng)絡(luò)和其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)的凈化、美化和綠化建設(shè)，

7、確保網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息健康有益；同時(shí)，積極建設(shè)各種 先進(jìn)文化和先進(jìn)思想的網(wǎng)站，用社會(huì)主義精神文明占領(lǐng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)陣地，用社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀主 導(dǎo)網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界。二是加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育，將之納入心理健康教育和思想政治教育體系，大力開(kāi)展網(wǎng)絡(luò)化教育 模式。這就要求高校將大學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題納入大學(xué)生心理健康教育和思想政治教育中，通 過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)和課堂平臺(tái)等，加強(qiáng)大學(xué)生心理健康教育，讓大學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)和利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)。三是加強(qiáng)及時(shí)有效的心理輔導(dǎo)，科學(xué)干預(yù)大學(xué)生的網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題。這就要求高校要充分 調(diào)動(dòng)廣大教師，將大學(xué)生中已經(jīng)發(fā)生和可能發(fā)生的網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理問(wèn)題及時(shí)納入心理輔導(dǎo)的視域， 開(kāi)展有前瞻性和先導(dǎo)性的網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理輔導(dǎo)工作。四是加強(qiáng)校園文化建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)高

8、校大學(xué)生課外文化生活的吸引力。這就要求高校充分利 用學(xué)校資源，設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)展豐富多彩的校園文化活動(dòng)，鼓勵(lì)廣大學(xué)生積極參與校園活動(dòng)，讓他 們?cè)诨顒?dòng)中找到自己的價(jià)值所在。（二）家庭層面應(yīng)該采取的措施家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該積極營(yíng)造良好的家庭環(huán)境，為大學(xué)生心理健康成長(zhǎng)提供良好的氛圍。家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)從 自身言行的規(guī)范、家庭和諧環(huán)境的營(yíng)造、家庭聚會(huì)活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展等方面建設(shè)家庭，讓大學(xué)生盡 量遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)絡(luò)，多與家人相聚相處，以培養(yǎng)他們健康的心態(tài)。（三）學(xué)生層面應(yīng)該采取的措施學(xué)生應(yīng)該采取自我調(diào)適的措施，不斷調(diào)適自己的心理狀態(tài)適應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境。這就要求高校 大學(xué)生注重自己的網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為與網(wǎng)絡(luò)語(yǔ)言，提高上網(wǎng)的自控能力；積極建立和諧的人際關(guān)系， 積極參與活

9、動(dòng)，培養(yǎng)自己健康的興趣和愛(ài)好，避免沉迷網(wǎng)絡(luò)；科學(xué)規(guī)劃好自己的人生目標(biāo)和 價(jià)值走向，力求在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中發(fā)展自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和特長(zhǎng)。Network is a blade sword, in the contemporary college students life, learning and communication brings many conveniences and benefits at the same time, also brought a series of problems. Network psychological problems as one of these proble

10、ms, brings to the construction of college students themselves and the school style of study a lot of harm, caused wide attention of academic circles, educational circles. 1 how to solve the network psychological problems, improve college students network literacy has become the consensus of social f

11、rom all walks of life. Therefore, research and solve the problem of contemporary college students network psychology has very important practical significance and academic significance and theory significance. The author proposed in the paper the performance of the network psychological problems of

12、contemporary university students, harm and cause, on the basis of analysis of the network psychological problems to the college mental health education and ideological and political education work, the opportunities and challenges, and puts forward the multi-dimensional path to solve the problem of

13、college students network psychology and specific measures.One, the performance of the network psychological problems of contemporary university students, hazards and causesThe advent of the era of network to diversify the contemporary college students network behavior, online shopping, online entert

14、ainment, online learning, Internet chat and so on all reflect the particularity of contemporary college students outlook on life and values. 2 among them, the change of the network language reflects the college students mentality change, which also can see the network psychological problems of colle

15、ge students. These psychological problems have been to the contemporary university students psychological, learning and personality, values and outlook on life, the life has brought a lot of harm. There are many reasons for the serious consequences, is worth thinking and research from all walks of l

16、ife.(a) the performance of the network psychological problems of contemporary university students and its harmNetwork language and behavior of contemporary college students is to reflect the contemporary youth network psychological problems for college students, the more serious and typical of which

17、 is irresponsible attitude, Internet addiction, disgusted with attachment, network, network, network autism inferiority, self-identity fragments, etc. The psychological problems of different degree of different level network brings to the contemporary college students a lot of harm, hinders the heal

18、thy growth of college students moral spirit, affects the normal development of the college students mental health, hindered the formation and development of college students healthy personality, distorting the college students outlook on life, values, tore off the identity of college students. This

19、shows that contemporary college students network psychology development present situation and the standard for health psychology has much a distance, this also is a reminder of the colleges and universities have a lot of psychological healtheducation work to do. 3(2) the cause of the network psychol

20、ogical problems of contemporary university studentsThe causes of college students network psychological problems is not unilateral, is the result of joint action of many factors. Among them, the existing network environment construction and the personal, reasons for regulation is not in place are th

21、e cause of the absence of school psychological education on college students network, and also in the college students self-control, force is not Among them, the network environment construction and the regulation does not reach the designated position, leading to a lot of illegal and unhealthy info

22、rmation there, greatly polluted the spiritual world of contemporary college students. And school education, including education and ideological and political education of academic disciplines and many schools only pay attention to the education of subjects, on college students psychological problems

23、 on the Internet is not seriously, havent really form a set of solution to the problem; Itself has the characteristics of strong personality of college students, like the freedom of the network environment, and not on own initiative positively in control of their network behavior and network, networ

24、k language life, so to avoid causing many psychological problems.Second, the contemporary college students network psychology to university students education work bring challenges and opportunitiesNetwork psychological problems of contemporary university students to the current psychological health

25、 education and ideological and political work in colleges and universities brings many challenges, such as the way of education idea, education mode, education content, etc., in fact this is for todays college mental health education and transform and upgrade the ideological and political education

26、provides a new opportunity for development, details are as follows:First, education LiNianCeng the challenges and opportunities. The emergence of the contemporary college students network psychological problems of the present college psychological health education and ideological and political educa

27、tion put forward new requirements and demands to build the network and information technology education concept.Second, teachers dominance of challenges and opportunities. The emergence of the network, leading to the college students network psychological problems, it brings to the university teache

28、rs dominance of challenge. The role of college teachers should reposition itself actively adjust their dominant position. At the same time, the development of the network also brings to the university teachers to improve their ability of education opportunities.Third, the content of the education le

29、vel of challenge and opportunity. Network psychological problems among college students as a new kind of psychological problems, the present college HYPERLINK psychological health education, and the content of ideological and political education system puts forward new requirements and demands of ps

30、ychological problems in university will together into the college students mental health education system and the ideological and political education system, it also enriches the college education content system.Three, the multi-dimensional path of contemporary college students network psychological

31、 problemsNetwork psychological problems of contemporary university students should become the important content of mental health education and ideological and political education and subject.Cause psychological problems of contemporary college students network factors are various, involving many lev

32、el, therefore, solving the problem of contemporary college students network psychology need schools, teachers, family and student common efforts. Specifically, the school level, level, family level of the teachers and students level should take the following corresponding countermeasures actively, e

33、ffort to build up the network psychological problems of contemporary university students to solve a long-term mechanism, promote the contemporary college students mental health network grows.(a) the school level and teachers level should take some measuresOne is to strengthen the management of netwo

34、rk community, purify network environment. This requires colleges and universities from the technical to the rule of law, school networks and other networks of purification, beautification and greening construction, to ensure that the health benefits of network information; At the same time, the posi

35、tive construction of advanced culture and the advanced thought of website, with the socialist spiritual civilization occupy the network position, with a network of socialist core values dominate the world.The second is to strengthen network education, will into the mental health education and ideolo

36、gical and political education system, vigorously promote education network model. This requires the college network psychological problems in college students mental health education and ideological and political education, through the network platform and classroom, etc., to strengthen college stud

37、ents mental health education, college students correct understanding and using the Internet.Three is to strengthen the timely and effective psychological counseling and intervention network psychological problems of college students. This requires colleges and universities should fully arouse teache

38、rs, HYPERLINK HYPERLINK college students has occurred and the possibility of the network psychological problems in a timely manner into the vision of psychological counseling, proactive and the origin of the network psychological counseling work.Four is to strengthen the construction of campus culture, enhance the attraction of the university students extra-curricular cultural life. This requires colleges and universities make full use of school reso