六級第五六七次八課堂筆記

1、1. Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain agein some cases as low as 55is automatically entitled to a dazzling array ofprice reductions at nearly every level ofcommerl life. Eligibility is determined n

2、otby ones need but by the date on ones birthago, the discounts havee a routine partofmanybusinessesascommonascolorairliners. 6KUVRK OZN MXG_ NGOX ULZKT GXK MOKT ZNK JOYIUTZY OZNUZ KKT GYQOTM LUX ZNKS；_KZ SORROUTY UL SKXOIGTY GHUK GMK GXK NKGRZN_ GTJ YURKTZ 有支付能力的 (YOTKYYKY Z URJ TKKXeviso rooms and

3、free coffee on. Practically unheard of a generationdare offer discounts to college studentsor anyone under 30 freely offer them toolderAmericans.Thepracticeisacceptable because of the widespread廣泛的 be“ needy ”Perhapsf 觀點t “elderly” andaresynonymous( 同義的).t once was true, but todayelderly Americans a

4、sagrouphavealowoverty raten the rest of thepopulation.Tobesure,thereiseconomicdiversitywithintheelderly,andmanyolderAmericansarepoor,But most of them arent.3.Itisimsibletodeterminetheimpact of the discounts on individualcompanies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases th

5、e discounts are given at the expense,directlyorindirectly,ofyoungerAmericans. Moreover, they are a directirritantinwhatsomepolitinsandscholarsseeasacomingbetn terations.4. Generationalfueled 激發(fā) bytensarebeingcontinuing debate 爭論overwhich關(guān) 于SolSecuritybenefits,mostlyinvolvesatransferofresourfrom the

6、young to the old.Employment is another sore po.Another的邏輯它后面所提到的事物前文當中也在提到Buoyed( 支 持 )bylawsandcourtolderdecis,moreandmoreAmericans are declining the retirementdinnerinfavorofstayingonthejob-thereby lessening employment andpromotionworkers.opportunitiesforyounger5. Far from a kind of charity they o

7、ncewere,seniorcitizendiscountshaveeaformidableeconomicprivilegetoagroupwithmillionsofmembers who dont need them.She is far from a good girlfriend.Farfrom 遠非是The earth is far from the center of theuniverse.6. It no longer makes sense to treat theelderlyasasinglegroupwhoseeconomic needs deserve priori

8、ty overthose of others. Senior citizen discountsonlyenhancethemythtolderpeople cant take care of themselvesand need spel treatment； and theythreaten the creation of a new myth,ttheelderlyareungratefulandtaking for themselves at the expense ofchildren and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts ar

9、e the essence 本質(zhì) of the very thing older Americans arefightingage Essenceagainst-discriminationby的本質(zhì).精華Essential 重要的基本的Essentially實際上地本質(zhì)上地31. We learn from thet .段落的推斷題A) offering senior citizensparagraphA The elderly, being finanlly 財政上的Undrivileged 沒有的, need humanehelp from society.B Businesses, h

10、aving made a lot of profits盈discounts hase routine commer l practicesenior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifegiving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlysenior citizens have to show their births to get a discount27. What amption觀點s behind

11、the practice 方式方法 of senior citizen discounts? 細節(jié)題利 , should do something for society in return作為回報. 無中生有C Old people are entitled to利做某事 spelTreatment待 for the contribution對貢獻 they made tosociety. 無中生有D Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Som.l Security syste觀A點f=notion=c

12、oncept：mption=idea=be28.According to some politins政治學家and scholars者, senior citizen discounts will .細節(jié)題 A have adverse不好的艱難的 finanl impact onbusiness companiesHave adverse impact on. 對。有不好的影響無中生有B bring a marked巨大的 顯著的 increasehecompanies revenues 收入無中生有C make old people even more dependenton 依賴 soc

13、iety 無中生有 D突 betensifyn the youngs加強沖and the oldThe+adj 表示一類人29. How does the author view the SolSecurity system?細節(jié)題It encouragesA鼓勵 elderly people to retire 退休 inTime 及時 無中生有.BIt benefits the old at the expense of 以。為代價the young.Folks should not develop the economy at the expense of the environment

14、. CIt should be reinforced加 強by laws and court decis. 無中生有 Dcare It opens up展 開 broad廣 闊 的rospects 職業(yè)前景 foryoung people.與原文信息相反的選項30. Which of the following best summarizes概括 the authors main argument 觀點? 主旨題APriority優(yōu)先權(quán)should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens. 無中生有B Senior citizens

15、should figh t age discrimination.rd agains C The elderly are selfish自私的 and taking senior discounts franted.Take sth franted 把。當做理所當然的無中生有D Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of agediscrimination.兩個選項看似比較相同的時候分這兩個選項的主謂賓就去劃Passage 1Bill Gates, the billionaire 億萬富翁 chairman without a single e

16、arned university degree, is by hi c s raising new doubts about the worth of the business worlds favorite academic title 頭銜: the MBA (Master of Business Administration).The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce andgreed (貪婪) on the tree-lined cuses ruledby purer lit

17、erature.3. But cuttingdisciplinech as philosophy andeven with the reapparentlyothehiringofbusinessschoolgraduates, about 79,000 people are expected toreceive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, atestimony to the wide spread amptiontthe MBA is vital for you

18、ng men and womenwho want to run companies some day.“If you are goingo the corporate world itis still a disadvantage not to have one,” saidDonald Morrison, professor of marketing andmanagement science. “Buthe last five yearsor so, when someone says, Should I attempt toget an MBA, the answer a lot mor

19、e is: It depends.”4.ThesucsofBillGates andothernon-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton ofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcuses over the worth of a business degreeand whether management skills can be taught.5. The Harvard Business Review pred 打印 a lively 生動的, fic

20、tional 虛擬的 exchange交換 of letters to dramatize 夸大 complaabout business degree holders.s6. The article called MBA hires “extremely=very disappoing” and said “MBAs want tomoveuptoofast升職=getpromoted=promote=climb the corporation 公司 ladder=getahigherition, they dontunderstand politics and people, and th

21、ey arent able to function 起作用 as part of a team until their third year. But by then, theyre out lookingfor other jobs.”7.The problem, most participants inthe hasanddebateacknowledge,istthe MBAacquired an aura (光環(huán)) of future richeser farand usefulness.itual 實際的importance8. Enrollment in business scho

22、ols explodedinathe1970sandt no1980sandcreatedthemptionho pursued a businesscareer could do without one. The growth wasfueledbyabacklash( 反 沖 )againstthe 1960s and bythetheanti-business values ofwomens movement.9.Businesspeoplewhohavehiredorworked with MBAs say those with the degreesof often know how

23、 toyze systems but arenotsoskillfulatmotivatingpeople.“Theydont get a lot of groundinghe people sideJamesShaffer,ofthebusiness”,andsaidvice- PerrP2 21.principaloftheTowersanagement consulting firm.According to Paragraph 2, what is thegeneral attitude towards business on cusesdominated 主導 by purer di

24、sciplines? 態(tài)度題A) Scornful. 諷刺的B) Appretive. 欣賞的Envious. 嫉妒的 羨慕的Realistic.現(xiàn)實的P 3 4 22. It seemst the controversy 爭論over 關(guān)于 the value of MBA degrees had beenfueledA)mainly by .thecomplas抱 怨 fromvariousemployers 無中生有B) the sucs of many non-MBAsthe criticism 批評 from the scientists ofpurer 純粹的disciplines

25、 學科 無中生有the poor performance of MBAs at work無中生有P3觀點前面觀點 例子后面For exleprove 觀點以后P56 23.holders Review?What is the major weakness of MBAaccordingtotheHarvardBusinessA) They are usually self-centered.以自我為中心的 過度推倒B) They are aggressive and greedy.還有貪婪 過度推倒性They keep complaining 抱怨 about theirjobs. 無中生有T

26、hey are not good at dealing with 與人相處people.Office politics政治人際關(guān)系p78924. From the passage we knowMBAs .t mostA)canclimbthecorporateladder升職fairly quickly 無中生有B) quit their jobs once they are familiar 熟悉 with their workmates 無中生有C) receive salariest do not match 匹配their profesal training 無中生有D)cheris

27、hunrealisticexpecionsabouttheir future25. What is the passage mainly about?主旨題A) Why there is an increased enrollment 錄BA programs.取B) The nesity of reformingMBAprograms in business schools.Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.A debate 辯論 held recently 近期 onuniversity cuses.Questions 21 t

28、o 25 are based on the followingpassage.he villages of the English countryside there arestill people who remember the good old da ys whenno one bothered to lock their doors. There simply wasnt any crime to worry about.Amazingly, these happy times appear still tobe with ushe worlds biggest community.A

29、new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted program mer, using an automated investigative programofhis own called SATAN, showst the ownersof well over half of all World Wide Web sites haveset up home without fitting locks totheir doors.SATAN can try out a variety of well-knownhacking (的) tricks on anernet sit

30、e withoutactuallybreaking in. Farmer has made the programpublicly available, amid much criticism. Awith evilent could use it tot down sites竊).t are easy to burgle ( 闖入行But Farmer is very concerned about the needthe public to poor security and, so far,eventshave proved him right. SATAN hasdone more t

31、o alert people to the risksnCausenew disorder. So is the Neting more secure? Far from it.he early days, when youvisited a Web site your browser simply looked at the content. Now the Web is full of tinto alert提醒yprogramst automatically download whenyou look at a Wge, and run on your ownmachine. These

32、 programs could, if their author s wished, do all kinds of nasty things to yourco mputer.At the same time, the Net is increasingly populated with sers, worms, agents and othertypes of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classifyinformation.All these make wonderful tools

33、 for antisol people who want to invade weak sitesand cause damage.But lets look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, theernet irely the worldsbiggest (almost) crime-free society. Maybet isbecause hackers are fundamentally honest.Or that there currently isnt much to steal. Or because vandalis

34、m (破壞) isnt much fununless you haveislike for someone.culiar dWhatever the reason, lejoy it while we can. But expect it all to change, and security tobecome the number one ie, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are sellingservithey want to be paid for.21. By saying “. owners of well ov

35、er half of all World Wide Web sites have set uphome wit hout fitting locks to their doors”(Lines 3-4, Para.2), the author meanst.A) those happy times appear still to be with us B) there simply wasnt any crime to worry abo utC) many sites are not well-protectedD) hackers try out tricks on anhout actu

36、ally breaking in（C）ernet site wit22. SATAN, a program designed by Dan Fanner can be used .A) to investigate the security ofernet sitesB) to improve the security of theemernet systC) to prevensitesckers from breakingo webD) to download useful programs and informati on（A）23. Fanners program has been c

37、riticized by the public because.A) it causes damage to Net browsersB) it can breakoernet sitesC) it can be used to cause disorder on all sitesD) it can be used by people with evil（D）ent24. The authors attitude toward SATAN is區(qū)域態(tài)度題.A) enthusiastic 熱情的B) critical性的C)itive 積極的D) indifferent（C）如何去區(qū)分篇章態(tài)度

38、題還是區(qū)域態(tài)度題看 toward 后面出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容是否是文章的主題toward 后面的內(nèi)容在首末兩段都出現(xiàn)的話 它就一定是篇章態(tài)度題如果沒有出現(xiàn)在首末兩段 那她就是區(qū)域態(tài)度題ArtifilelligenceComputer25. The author suggestshe last pA) we should make full use of the ernet before security measures are strengthenedaragraph t .we should alert the most influen tial businessmen to the importan

39、ce of securityinfluential businessmen should g ive priority to the improvement of Net securitynet inhabitants should not let sec urity measures affect their joy of surfing theernetPubliceducation2 類型 3弊端 2措施itive 積極的 / active 積極的 /積極：supportive 支持的Approving 贊同的 / optimistic 樂觀的/ pleasant 高興的Enthusia

40、stic 熱情的 / favorable 喜歡的Sympathetic 同情的否定：negative 消極的 / doubtful 懷疑的suspicious 懷疑的/ critical的Pessimistic 悲觀的 / scornful 諷刺的skeptical懷 疑 的 /ironic諷 刺 的/sarcastic 諷刺的中立：neutral 中立的 / objective 客觀的/ cautious謹慎的Imal 公正的必 錯 ： indifferent漠 不 關(guān) 心 的 / depressed 沮喪的biased 偏 見 的 / unclear 不 清 楚 的 / vague 模糊的

41、Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.1. When we worry about who might be spyingon our privaives, we usually think about theFederal agents. But the private sector outdoes超the過ernment every time. Its Linda Tripp,not the FBI, who is facing charges 恐高 underMarylands laws against secrete

42、phoneernal Revenueta. Its our bs not theService (IRS),t pass our private finanldaoemarketing firms.2.Consumer activistsare pressing Congress活躍分子國會 for bettrivacy laws without much resultso far. The legislators=law-maker者 lean toward 傾向 letting businesspeople track跟蹤 our finanl habits virtually atwil

43、l.隨意的3. As an exle of whats going on, considerU.S. Bancorp, which was recently sued fordeceptive practiby the se of Minnesota.According to the lawsuit, the bemarketer called Member Works withd asensitive customer data such as names, phonenumbers, bnumbers, So-account and creditcardl Security numbers

44、, accountbalanand credit limits.4. With these customer lists in hand, MemberWorks started dialing for dollarling dentalplans,othgames, computer software androducts and servi. Customers whoaccepted a “free trial offer” had 30 days to cancel. If the deadline passed, they wereCharged收費 automatically th

45、rough their borcredit-card accounts. U.S. Bancorp collected ashare of the revenues.5.Customers were doubly deceived, the lawsuitclaims. They didnt knowt the bwasgiving account numbers to Member Works.And if customers asked, they were led to think the answer was no.6.The se sued Member Works separay

46、fordeceptive selling. The company deniest itdid anything wrong. For its part, U.S. Bancorpsettled without admitting any mistakes. But itagreed to stop exing its customers tononfinanfew tl products sold by outside firms. Asdecided to do the same.s will still do business withMany other bMember Works a

47、nd similar firms.7.And bs will still be mining data from youraccount in order to sell you finanl products,including things of little value, such as creditinsurance and credit-card protection plans.8. You have almost no protection fromBusinesses商t use youral accounts for profit. F家or ex“tranle, no fe

48、deral law shields 保護ion and experience” informationmainly the details of your band credit-cardaccounts. 定位明確的題目 舉例不起任何作用Sol Security numbers are for say privatefirms. Theyve generally agreednot to sell to the public. But to businesses, the numbers are an open book. Self-regulationdoesnt work. A firm

49、 might publish a privacy-protection policy, but who enforit?9.Take U.S. Bancorp again. Customers were told, in writing,t “allal information yousupply to us will be considered.”Then it sold your dao Member Works. Thet it doesnt “sell” yourbeven claimsdata at all. It merely “shares” it and reaps aprof

50、it. Now you know.21.P1 Contrary to popular bef舊觀點, the author findst spying on peoplesprivacy.A) is mainly carried out 執(zhí)行 by means of 通過 secret taB) has been范圍擴大ensified加強 with the help of the IRS反C) is practiced exclusively與原文信息相獨有的 by the FBI與原文信息相反D) is more prevalent的 in business circles普遍popula

51、r 抽象概括的P2322. We know from the passaget.A) legislators are acting to pass a law toprovide bett息相反B) most s不見 theDeceptiverivacy protection與原文信es are turning a blind eye to 視而的 practi性方式of private businessesC) the sdrawing upe of Minnesota is considering起草 laws to protect private informationD) law ma

52、kers are inclined to傾向探give a free hand to businesses to inquireo customers buying habits究23.P4 When the “free trial” deadline is over,youll be charged without notice for a productor service if.you fail to cancel it with限定periodyou happen tohe specified碰巧reveal your credit card NumberC) you find the

53、 product or service無中生有unsatisfactory無中生有D) you fail to apply for exten延遲 of thedeadline推導24.P8 Businesses do not regard informationconcerningbecauseal baccounts as private.A) its revelationwill do no harm to consumers under thecurrent protection policyB) it is considered “tran違背ion and experience”

54、information unprotected by lawC) is always been considered an opensecret by teral public 無中生有D) its sale can be brought under controlthrough self-regulation無中生有25.P9 We can infer from the passaget推斷題A) b.s will have to change their ways ofng business無中生有B) privacy protection laws soon be enforced與反原

55、文信息相C) consumers privacy will continue to beinvadedD)freetrialpracticewilleventuallybebannedA charging dog for sb/sth1. The percentage of immigrants (includingthose unlawfully present)he United Seshas been creng upward for years. At 12.6since the mid-1920s.2. We are not about to go back to the days

56、when Congress openly worried about inferior ra polluting Americas bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we havetoo many of the wrong sort ofers.percent, it is now higher n at any poTheir loudest critics argueof immigrants cannot, andt the new wavedo not wantto, fit in as previous gene

57、rations did.3. We now knowt these racist viewswere wrong.ime, Italians, Romanians andmembersofotherso-calledinferiorrabecame exemplary Americans and contributedgrey, in ways too numerous to detail, to thebuildingnation.ofthismagnificent宏偉的壯觀的Thereisreasonwhythesenewimmigrants shouldhave the same suc

58、s.4.AlthoughchildrenofMexicanimmigrants do better,in terms of educationaland profesal attaent,n their parents,les has foundUCLA sociologist Edwardtthegainsdontcontinue.,thenfourth generation is marginally worse offthe third. James Jackson, of the University ofMichigan, has found a similar trend amon

59、gblack Caribbean immigrants.les fearstMexican-Americans may be fated to follow inthe footsteps of American blackst largeparts of the community may入) in a seemingly permanent se mired (陷e of povertyLikeandunderachievement.African-Americans,Mexican-Americansareincreasinglyrelegatedto(降入)segregated,sub

60、standard schools, and their dropout rate isthe highest for any ethnic grouphe country.5.WehavelearnedmuchaboutthethefoolishideaofexcludingpeopleonpresumptionBut what we make the prooftheethnic/ralinferiority.have not yet learned is how tos of Americanization work forall. I am not talking about requi