2015年6月大學英語六級試卷真題及答案(第三套)(word精校版)

1、2015年6月英語六級真題及答案（第三套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying“Ifyoucannotdogreatthings,dosmallthingsinagreatway.Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointofview.Youshouldwriteatleastl50wordsbutnomorethan200words.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。PartIIList

2、eningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneor,morequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmust

3、readthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDanddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet,withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。1A.ThemanmightbeabletoplayintheWorldCup.B.Themansfootballcareerseemstobeatanend.C.Themanwasoperatedonafewweeks.D.Themanisafanofworldfamousfootb

4、allplayers.2A.Workoutaplantotightenhisbudget.Findouttheopeninghoursofthecafeteria.Applyforaseniorpositionintherestaurant.Solvehisproblembydoingaparttimejob.3A.Afinancialburden.Agoodcompanion.Arealnuisance.Awelltrainedpet.4A.Theerrorswillbecorrectedsoon.Thewomanwasmistakenherself.Thecomputingsystemis

5、toocomplex.Hehascalledthewomanseveraltimes.5A.Heneedshelptoretrievehisfiles.Hehastotypehispaperoncemore.Heneedssometimetopolishhispaper.Hewillbeawayforatwo-weekconference.6A.Theymighthavetochangetheirplan.Hehasgoteverythingsetfortheirtrip.Hehasaheavierworkloadthanthewoman.Theycouldstayinthemountains

6、untilJune8.7A.Theyhavetowaitamonthtoapplyforastudentloan.Theycanfindtheapplicationformsinthebrochure.Theyarenoteligibleforastudentloan.Theyarenotlateforaloanapplication.8.A.Newlawsareyettobemadetoreducepollutantrelease.Pollutionhasattractedlittleattentionfromthepublic.Thequalityofairwillsurelychange

7、forthebetter.Ittalkleyearstobringairpollutionundercontro1.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9A.Enormoussizeofitsstores.Numerousvarietiesoffood.Itsappealingsurroundings.Itsrichandcolorfulhistory.10.A.Anancientbuilding.Aworldofantiques.AnEgyptianmuseum.AnEgyptianmemorial.11.A.Its

8、powerbillreaches9millionayear.Itsellsthousandsoflightbulbsaday.Itsuppliespowertoanearbytown.Itgenerates70%oftheelectricityituses.12A.11500.30000.250000.300000.Questionsl3to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13A.Transferringtoanotherdepartment.Studyingaccountingatauniversity.Thinkingaboutdoi

9、ngadifferentjob.Makingpreparationsforherwedding.14.A.Shehasfinallygotapromotionandapayraise.Shehasgotasatisfactoryjobinanothercompany.Shecouldatlastleavetheaccountingdepartment.Shemanagedtokeepherpositioninthecompany.15A.HeandAndreahaveprovedtobeaperfectmatch.Hechangedhismindaboutmarriageunexpectedl

10、y.Hedeclaredthathewouldremainsingleallhislife.HewouldmarryAndreaevenwithoutmeetingher.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefou

11、rchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetTwowithasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestionsl6to19arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A.Theyaremotorcyclesdesignatedforwatersports.Theyarespeedyboatsrestrictedinnarrowwaterways.Theyarebecominganefficie

12、ntformofwatertransportation.Theyaregettingmorepopularasameansofwaterrecreation.17A.Waterscooteroperatorslackofexperience.Vacationersdisregardofwatersafetyrules.Overloadingofsmallboatsandothercraft.Carelessnessofpeopleboatingalongtheshore.18A.Theyscarewhalestodeath.Theyproducetoomuchnoise.Theydischar

13、getoxicemissions.Theyendangerlotsofwaterlife.19A.Expandoperatingareas.Restrictoperatinghours.Limittheuseofwaterscooters.Enforcenecessaryregulations.PassageTwoQuestions20to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.20A.Theyarestable.Theyareclose.Theyarestrained.Theyarechanging.21.A.Theyarefullyoccupiedwi

14、ththeirownbusiness.Notmanyofthemstayinthesameplaceforlong.Notmanyofthemcanwintrustfromtheirneighbors.Theyattachlessimportancetointerpersonalrelations.22A.Countoneachotherforhelp.Giveeachotheracoldshoulder.Keepafriendlydistance.Buildafencebetweenthem.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyou

15、havejustheard.23A.Itmayproduceanincreasingnumberofidleyoungsters.ItmayaffectthequalityofhighereducationinAmerica.Itmaycausemanyschoolstogooutofoperation.Itmayleadtoalackofproperlyeducatedworkers.24A.Itislessseriousincitiesthaninruralareas.Itaffectsbothjuniorandseniorhighschools.Itresultsfromaworseni

16、ngeconomicclimate.ItisanewchallengefacingAmericaneducators.25A.Allowingthemtochoosetheirfavoriteteachers.Creatingamorerelaxedlearningenvironment.Rewardingexcellentacademicperformance.youHelpingthemtodevelopbetterstudyhabits.SectionCyouDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepas

17、sageisreadforthefirsttime,shouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。Iminterestedinthecriminaljusticesystem

18、ofourcountry.Itseemstomethatsomethinghastobedone,ifwereto26_asacountry.Icertainlydontknowwhattheanswerstoourproblemsare.Thingscertainlyget27inahurrywhenyougetintothem,butlwonderifsomethingcouldntbedonetodealwithsomeoftheseproblems.OnethingImconcernedaboutisourpracticeofputting28injailwhohaventharmed

19、anyone.Whynotworkoutsomesystemwherebytheycanpaybackthedebtstheyowesocietyinsteadof29anotherdebtbygoingtoprisonand,ofcourse,coming30hardenedcriminals.Imalsoconcernedabouttheshortprisonsentencespeopleare3Iseriouscrimes.Ofcourseonealternativetothisisto32capitalpunishment,butImnotsurelwouldbeforthat.Imn

20、otsureitsrighttotakeaneyeforaneye.Thealternativetocapitalpunishmentislongersentences,buttheywouldcertainlycostthetaxpayersmuchmoney.Ialsothinkwemustdosomethingabouttheinsanity33.Inmyopinion,anyonewhotakesanotherpersonslife34isinsane,however,thatdoesnotmeanthatthepersonisntguiltyofthecrime,orthathesh

21、ouldntpaysocietythedebtheowes.Itssad,ofcourse,thatapersonmayhavetospendtherestofhislife,oralargepartofitinprisonforactsthathe35whilenotinfullcontrolofhismind.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankf

22、romalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsintheblankmorethanonce.Questions36to45

23、arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Travelwebsiteshavebeenaroundsincethe1990s,whenExpedia,Travelocity,andotherholidaybookingsiteswerelaunched,allowingtravelerstocompareflightandhotelpriceswiththeclickofamouse.Withinformationnolonger36bytravelagentsorhiddeninbusinessnetworks,thetravelindustrywasrevolutioni

24、zed,asgreatertransparencyhelped37prices.Today,theindustryisgoingthroughanewrevolutionthistimetransformingservicequality.Onlineratingplatforms38inhotels,restaurants,apartments,andtaxisallowtravelerstoexchangereviewsandexperiencesforalltosee.Hospitalitybusinessesarenowranked,analyzed,andcomparednotbyi

25、ndustry39,butbytheverypeopleforwhomtheserviceisintendedthecustomer.Thishas40anewrelationshipbetweenbuyerandseller.Customershavealwaysvotedwiththeirfeet;theycannowexplaintheirdecisiontoanyonewhoisinterested.Asaresult,businessesaremuchmore41,ofteninveryspecificways,whichcreatespowerful42toimproveservi

26、ce.Althoughsomereadersmightnotcareforgossipyreportsofunfriendlybellboys(行員)inBerlinormalf-unctioninghotelhairdryersinHouston,thetruepowerofonlinereviewsliesnotjustintheindividualstories,butinthewebsites43toaggregatealargevolumeofratings.Theimpactcannotbe44.Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapi

27、dgrowth,asnewcustomersareattractedbygoodreviewsand45provideyetmorepositivefeedback.Sogreatistheinfluenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompaniesnowhiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorableonlineidentity.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。accountablecapacitycontrolledentailforgedincentivesoccasionallyoverstatedpersisti

28、ngpessimisticprofessionalsslashspecializingspectatorssubsequentlySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.E

29、achparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.PlasticSurgeryAbettercreditcardisthesolutiontoeverlargerhackattacksAthinmagneticstripe(magstripe)isallthatstandsbetweenyourcredit-cardinformationandthebadguys.Andtheyvebeenworkinghardtobreakin.Thatswhy201

30、4isshapingupasamajorshowdown:banks,lawenforcementandtechnologycompaniesarealltryingtostopanetworkofhackerswhoaresucceedinginstealingaccountnumbers,names,emailaddressesandothercrucialdatausedinidentitytheft.Morethan100millionaccountsatTarget,NeimanMarcusandMichaelsstoreswereaffectedinsomewayduringthe

31、mostrecentattacks,startinglastNovember.Swipe(刷卡)istheoperativeword:cardsareincreasinglyvulnerabletoattackswhenyoumakepurchasesinastore.Inseveralrecentincidents,hackershavebeenabletoobtainmassiveinformationofcredit-,debi(t-借記)orprepaid-cardnumbersusingmalware,i.e.malicioussoftware,insertedsecretlyint

32、otheretailerspoint-of-salesystemthecheckoutregisters.Hackersthensoldthedatatoasecondgroupofcriminalsoperatinginshadowycomersoftheweb.Notlongafter,thestolendatawasshowinguponfakecardsandbeingusedforonlinepurchases.Thesolutioncouldcostaslittleas$2extraforeverypieceofplasticissued.Thefixisasecuritytech

33、nologyusedheavilyoutsidetheU.S.WhileAmericancreditcardsusethe40-year-oldmagstripetechnologytoprocesstransactions,muchoftherestoftheworldusessmartercardswithatechnologycalledEMV(shortforEuropay,MasterCard,Visa）thatemploysachipembeddedinthecardplusacustomerPIN（personalidentificationnumber）toauthentica

34、te（驗證）everytransactiononthespot.IfapurchaserfailstopunchinthecorrectPINatthecheckout,thetransactiongetsrejected.（Onlinepurchasescanbemadebysettingupaseparatetransactioncode.）Whyhaventbigbanksadoptedthemoresecuretechnology?Whenitcomestomailingoutnewcreditcards,itsallaboutrelativecosts,saysDavidRobert

35、son,whorunstheNihonReport,anindustrynewsletter:Thecostofthecard,puttingthestickeronit,codingtheaccountnumberandexpirationdate,embossing（凸?。﹊t,thesmallenvelopallputtogether,youareinthedollarrange.Achip-and-PINcardcurrentlycostscloserto$3,saysRobertson,becauseofthepriceofchips.（Oncelargeissuersconvert

36、together,thechipcostsshoulddrop.）Multiply$3bythemorethan5billionmagstripecreditandprepaidcardsincirculationintheU.S.Thenconsiderthattheresanestimated$12.4billionincardfraudonaglobalbasissaysRobertson.With44%ofthatintheU.S.,Americancredit-cardfraudamountstoabout$5.5billionannually.Cardissuershavesofa

37、rcalculatedthatabsorbingtheliabilityforevenbighacksliketheTargetoneisstillcheaperthanreplacingallthatplastic.ThatleavesAmericanretailersprettymuchalonetheworldoverinrelyingonmagstripetechnologytochargepurchasesandleavesconsumersvulnerable.Eachmagstripehasthreetracksofinformation,explainspaymentssecu

38、rityexpertJeremyGumbley,thechieftechnologyofficerofCreditCall,anelectronic-paymentscompany.Thefirstandthirdareusedbythebankorcardissuer.Yourvitalaccountinformationlivesonthesecondtrack,whichhackerstrytocapture.Malwareisscanningthroughthememoryinrealtimeandlookingfordata,hesays.Itcreatesatextfilethat

39、getsstolen.Chip-and-PINcards,bycontrast,makefakecardsorskimmingimpossiblebecausetheinformationthatgetsscannedisencrypted（加密）.ThehistoricalreasontheU.S.hasstuckwithmagstripe,ironicallyenough,isoncesuperiortechnology.Ourcheap,ultra-reliablewirednetworksmadecredit-cardauthenticationoverthephonefriction

40、less.InFrance,cardcompaniescreatedEMVinpartbecausethetelephonemonopolywassomaddeninglyinefficientandexpensive.TheEMVsolutionallowedtransactionstobeverifiedlocallyandsecurely.Somebigbanks,likeWellsFargo,arenowofferingtoconvertyourmagstripecardtoachip-and-PINmodel.（Itsactuallyahybrid（混合體）thatwillstill

41、haveamagstripe,sincemostU.S.merchantsdonthaveEMVterminals.）Shouldyoutakethemuponit?Ifyoutravelinternationally,theanswerisyes.Keepinmind,too,thatcreditcardstypicallyhavebetterliabilityprotectionthandebitcards.Ifsomeoneusesyourcreditcardfraudulently（欺詐性地）itstheissuerormerchant,notyou,thattakesthehit.D

42、ebitcardshavedifferentliabilitylimitsdependingonthebankandtheeventssurroundinganyfraud.Ifitsavailable,thelogicalthingistogetachip-and-PINcardfromyourbank,saysEricAdamowsky,aco-founderofCreditCardInsider.Iwouldusecreditcardsoverdebitcardsbecauseofliabilityissues.Cashstillworksprettywelltoo.Retailersa

43、ndbanksstandtobenefitfromthelowerfraudlevelsofchip-and-PINcardsbuthavebeenreluctantforyearstoinvestinthenewinfrastructur（e基礎設施）neededforthetechnology,especiallyifconsumersdonthaveaccesstoit.Itsachicken-and-eggproblem;noonewantstospendthemoneyonupgradedpoint-of-salesystemsthatcanreadthechipcardsifsho

44、ppersarentcarryingthem-yetthereslittlepointinconsumerscarryingthefancyplasticifstoresarentequippedtousethem.（AnearliereffortbyTargettomovetochipandPINnevergainedprogress.）AccordingtoGumbley,theresayou-firstmentality.Thelogjam（僵局）hastobebroken.JPMorganChaseCEOJamieDimonrecentlyexpressedhiswillingness

45、todoso,notingthatbanksandmerchantshavespentthepastdecadesuingeachotheroverinterchangefeesthepercentageofthetransactionpricetheykeep-ratherthandealwiththegrowinghackingproblem.Chaseoffersachip-enabledcardunderitsownbrandandseveralothersfortravel-relatedcompaniessuchasBritishAirwaysandRitz-Carlton.The

46、TargetandNeimanhackshavealsochangedthecostcalculation:althoughretailershavebeenreluctanttospendthe$6.75billionthatCapgeminiconsultantsestimateitwilltaketoconvertalltheirregisterstobechip-and-PIN-compatible,thepotentialliabilitytheynowfaceisdramaticallygreater.Targethasbeenhitwithclassactionsfromhack

47、edconsumers.Itstheultimatenightmare,aretailexecutivefromawell-knownchainadmittedtoTIME.Thecard-paymentcompaniesMasterCardandVisaarepushinghardforchange.Thetwofirmshavewarnedallpartiesinthetransactionchain-merchant,network,bank-thatiftheydontbecomeEMV-compliantbyOctober2015,thepartythatisleastcomplia

48、ntwillbearthefraudrisk.Inthemeantime,app-equippedsmartphonesanddigitalwallets-allofwhichcanuseEMVtechnology-arebeginningtomakeinroads(侵襲)oncardsandcash.PayPal,forinstance,istestinganappthatletsyouuseyourmobilephonetopayontheflyatlocalmerchants-withoutsurrenderinganycardinformationtothem.Andfurtherdo

49、wntheroadisbiometricauthentication,whichcouldbeencryptedwith,say,afingerprint.Creditanddebitcards,though,aregoingtobewithusfortheforeseeablefuture,andsoarehackers,ifwestickwithmagstripetechnology.Itseemscrazytome,saysGumbley,whoisEnglish,thatacutting-edgetechnologycountryisdependingona40-year-oldtec

50、hnology.ThatswhyitmaybeuptoconsumerstomovetheneedleonchipandPIN.SaysRobertson:Whenyougettheconsumerintoapositionofworryandincothatswheretherubberhitstheroad.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。ItsbesttouseanEMVcardforinternationaltravel.Personalinformationoncreditanddebitcardsisincreasinglyvulnerabletohacking.TheFren

51、chcardcompaniesadoptedEMVtechnologypartlybecauseofinefficienttelephoneservice.WhilemanycountriesusethesmarterEMVcards,theU.S.stillclingstoitsoldmagstripetechnology.Attemptsarebeingmadetopreventhackersfromcarryingoutidentitytheft.Creditcardsaremuchsafertousethandebitcards.Bigbankshavebeenreluctanttos

52、witchtomoresecuretechnologybecauseofthehighercostsinvolved.Thepotentialliabilityforretailersusingmagstripeisfarmorecostlythanupgradingtheirregisters.TheuseofmagstripecardsbyAmericanretailersleavesconsumersexposedtotherisksoflosingaccountinformation.Consumerswillbeadrivingforcebehindtheconversionfrom

53、magstripetoEMVtechnology.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOn

54、eQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThereportfromtheBureauofLaborStatisticswasjustasgloomyasanticipated.UnemploymentinJanuaryjumpedtoa16-yearhighof7.6percent,as598000jobswereslashedfromUSpayrollsintheworstsingle-monthdeclinesinceDecember,1974.With1.8millionjobslostinthelastthreemonths,ther

55、eisurgentdesiretoboosttheeconomyasquicklyaspossible.ButWashingtonwoulddowelltotakeadeepbreathbeforereactingtothegrimnumbers.Collectively,werelyontheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatisticstoframeoursenseofreality.Theyareavitalpartofanarrayofdatathatweusetoassessifweredoingwellordoingbadly,andthatinturn

56、shapesgovernmentpoliciesandcorporatebudgetsandpersonalspendingdecisions.Theproblemisthatthestatisticsarentanobjectivemeasureofreality;theyaresimplyabestapproximation.Directionally,theycapturethetrends,buttheideathatweknowpreciselyhowmanyareunemployedisamyth.Thatmakesfindingasolutionallthemoredifficu

57、lt.First,thereisthewaythedataisassembled.Theofficialunemploymentrateistheproductofatelephonesurveyofabout60000homes.Thereisanothersurvey,sometimesreferredtoasthepayrollsurvey,thatassesses400000businessesbasedontheirreportedpayrolls.Bothsurveyshaveproblems.Thepayrollsurveycaneasilydouble-countsomeone

58、:ifyouareonepersonwithtwojobs,youshowupastwoworkers.Thepayrollsurveyalsodoesntcapturethenumberofself-employed,andsosayslittleabouthowmanypeoplearegeneratinganindependentincome.Thehouseholdsurveyhasalargerproblem.Whenaskedstraightforwardly,peopletendtolieorshadethetruthwhenthesubjectissex,moneyorempl

59、oyment.Ifyougetacallandareaskedifyoureemployed,andyousayyes,youreemployed.Ifyousayno,however,itmaysurpriseyoutolearnthatyouareonlyunemployedifyouvebeenactivelylookingforworkinthepastfourweeks;otherwise,youaremarginallyattachedtothelaborforceandnotactuallyunemployed.Theurgetoquantifyisembeddedinourso

60、ciety.Buttheideathatstatisticianscanthencaptureanobjectiverealityisntjustimpossible.Italsoleadstoseriousmisjudgments.DemocratsandRepublicanscanandwilltakesidesonanumberofissues,butamorecrucialconcernisthatbotharebasingmajorpolicydecisionsonguesstimatesratherthanlookingatthevastwealthofrawdatawithacr