高考英語第二輪熱點(diǎn)專題復(fù)習(xí)連詞與介詞

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載2022 年高考英語其次輪熱點(diǎn)專題復(fù)習(xí)連詞與介詞概述連詞不能獨(dú)立承擔(dān)句子成分而只起到連接詞與詞、短語與短語以及句與句的作用；連詞主要可分為兩類：并列連詞和從屬連詞；并列連詞用來連接平行的詞、詞組和分句；如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore 等；從屬連詞就常常用在復(fù)合句中,用來連接主句和從句；如：who, what, how, when, where, 等；介詞是最為活躍的詞類之一；通常總是與其它詞類同時(shí)考查；如：可與名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語、與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語等；介詞考查不僅在挑選題中顯現(xiàn),在完形填空題和短文改錯(cuò)題中也不斷顯現(xiàn),且每年必考；因此,在平常

2、的積存中, 不容忽視以下介詞的精確含義及用法：up, through, across, except, but, besides, beside, near等；熱點(diǎn) 常見介詞的精確含義at, as, to, by, on, in, of, with, like, along, for, over, 1、常見介詞by 的用法；介詞by 含義較豐富,主要有：靠,憑借,在 旁邊等含義；可有by oneself單獨(dú),靠自己；by and by 不久以后,不一會(huì)兒,連續(xù)不斷地,馬上；by and large 總的說來；典例 1No one helped me.I did it all_myself.20

3、22 全國卷 A.for B.by C.from D.to by oneself 表示“ 單獨(dú),靠自己”；而 for oneself 有“ 為自己” 的意解析B 考查介詞 by 的用法；搭配思,不合句意；2、常見介詞 with 引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),也叫 with 引導(dǎo)的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；由 with （也可省略） +名詞 /代詞 +現(xiàn)在或過去分詞 /不定式 /形容詞 /介詞短語或副詞構(gòu)成；它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句,表示行為方式 /相伴狀況 /時(shí)間 /緣由或條件；如： He lay on his back,his hands crossed under his head.他雙手交叉放在

4、腦后,仰躺著；典例 2_two exams to worry about,I have to work really hard this weekend.2022 北京卷 A. With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of 解析 A 由句子結(jié)構(gòu)看出,第一空須填入介詞,構(gòu)成介詞 +賓語 +to do 的形式,只有 with 有此用法,由此可知選 A ；3、常見表示時(shí)間的 on 的用法；與時(shí)間搭配的介詞須留意：在詳細(xì)某星期幾及詳細(xì)某天的上午、下午和晚上等都用介詞 on；典例 3The accident is reported to have occurred_the f

5、irst Sunday in February,2022 上海卷 A.at B. on C.in D.to on；解析B 考查介詞的用法；表示詳細(xì)某一天的時(shí)間時(shí),用4、常見介詞學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載；如： She works as a secretary.她擔(dān)as 的用法； as作為介詞,可表示“ 充當(dāng),作為,猶如”任秘書工作； As a student,it s bad manners to come late to school.作為一個(gè)同學(xué),上課遲到是壞習(xí)慣；典例 4I feel that one of my main duties_a teacher is to help the stude

6、nts to become better learners.2022 廣東卷 A.for B.by C.as D.with 解析C 考查介詞as 的用法；本句句意為：我認(rèn)為作為一名老師,我的主要任務(wù)之一就是幫忙同學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)；5、常見 over 的用法；介詞 over 有“ 在 之上,過之,多于” 意思；典例 5 You can t wear a blue jacket_that shirt; it ll look terrible.2022 湖南卷 A. on B. above C. up D. over 解析 D 考查介詞 over 的用法；依據(jù)名意可知,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)全面掩蓋,所以用 over,

7、即表示藍(lán)色上衣罩在那件襯衫上；而 on 表示在硬性物體的表面上；above 表示在物體的斜上方；up 作介詞時(shí),意為“ 沿 而上” ；重點(diǎn) 1 常用的幾組并列連詞1、and 組表示聯(lián)合關(guān)系；屬于這一組的并列連詞仍有：nor 等；如：Lets go and play basketball. 我們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球吧；2.but 組表示轉(zhuǎn)折和對(duì)比關(guān)系；屬于這一組的并列連詞仍有：He hasn t arrived. He may, however, come later. 他仍未到,不過,他可能過一會(huì)兒來；3、or 組 表示挑選關(guān)系；屬于這一組的并列連詞仍有：both and,not only but als

8、o,as well as,neither however, still, yet ,while, nevertheless ；如：or else,otherwise,neither nor,either or 等；如：We ll go early,otherwise we may not get a seat. 我們得早一點(diǎn)去,不然就沒有座位了；4、so 組 表示因果關(guān)系的連接詞仍有：sothat,for, therefore, thus, then 等；如：He has broken his leg and therefore he can t walk. 他摔傷了腿,因此不能走路；典例 S

9、he was very tired,_ she kept on working. A. or B. so C. and D. nevertheless nevertheless解析D 考查并列連詞；依據(jù)句意：她雖然很疲憊,可仍在連續(xù)工作；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,而有“ 然而、不過” 的意思；重點(diǎn) 2 使用介詞時(shí)應(yīng)留意的幾點(diǎn)1、表示時(shí)間時(shí)不用介詞的情形：學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載（1）表示時(shí)間的詞前有 one/any/each/every/some/all/this/that 等時(shí)；如：One Staturday my mother and I were sitting together. 某星期六,母親和我坐在

10、了一起；They meet every Sunday.他們每星期日見面；（2）表示時(shí)間的詞前有 tomorrow/yesterday/the day before/the day after 等時(shí)；如： She has to get up early tomorrow morning. 明天早晨她得很早起床；（3）當(dāng)以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn), 談?wù)?last 和 next 時(shí),last 和 next 前不用介詞； 如：They re meeting next Wednesday.他們下個(gè)星期三見面；2、幾組常用介詞的用法區(qū)分：（1） in 與 at 一般小地方用 at,大地方用 in；典例 1He arr

11、ived_Beijing on Wednesday. A.in B.on C.at D.for 解析 A 句中 Beijing 側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)大的地方,故用 in；（2） in 與 on 表一般時(shí)間用 in,表詳細(xì)時(shí)間用 on；典例 2He usually stays at home_Sunday morning. A.in B. on C.at D.for 解析 B 由于 Sunday morning 表示詳細(xì)時(shí)間范疇,應(yīng)選 B （3）besides 與 except besides表示“ 除 外（仍有） ” ；except 表示“ （只有）除外”；except for“ 除了 ” ,表示部分地修

12、正主體,引導(dǎo)短語；except that 引導(dǎo)從句；典例 3_Mr.Wang,we also went to see the film. A.Besides B.Except C.Except for D.Except that 解析 A 本句 also 的示意很重要,說明“ 王先生也去了”；A 項(xiàng)正合句意；（4） in,to 與 on 表示在某范疇之內(nèi)用 in;表示在某范疇之外用 to; 表示“ 相鄰,接壤” 時(shí)用 on. 典例 4Mongolia lies_north of China. A. in B.to C.on D.at 解析 C 依據(jù)常識(shí)：蒙古國與我國華北接壤,表示“ 相鄰,掃壤

13、” 時(shí)用 on；難點(diǎn) 使用連詞時(shí)應(yīng)留意的問題1、though/although 不能與 but 同時(shí)連用,但可以與 yet 連用；典例 1Though they are so poor ,_they have enough to eat. A. so B. and C. but D. yet 學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載解析 Dthough 的搭配考查； 本句是由 though 引導(dǎo),故不能與 but 同時(shí)連用, 但可以與 yet 連用；應(yīng)選 D；2、because 與 so 不能同時(shí)連用；the reason why is 后通常用 that 而不用 because. 典例 2The reason w

14、hy she is fat is_she overeats. A. that B.so C.why D.because 解析 A the reason why is 后通常用 that 而不用 because引導(dǎo)表語從句；3、留意并列連詞連接的必需是平行的詞、詞組、短語或分句；如：他不但在意大利著名,而且在美國也很出名；誤： He is not only famous in Italy but also in America. 正： He is famous not only in Italy but also in America. 4、留意某些動(dòng)詞后的連詞；（1） siscuss后一般不跟

15、連詞 if 所引導(dǎo)的從句；We discussed whether we should close the shop.我們在爭論是否該關(guān)店；（2）doubt 后連詞的用法：一般在否定句和疑問句中,doubt 后習(xí)慣跟 that 引導(dǎo)的從句；在確定句中,doubt 后面習(xí)慣跟 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的從句；如：I don t doubt that you are honest.我不懷疑你的誠懇；I doubt whether/if what he said just now is true. 我懷疑他剛說的是否對(duì)；5、whether 與 if 的區(qū)分：（1）表示“ 假如” 時(shí),只能用 i

16、f ；If he goes, I will go,too. 假如他去,我也去；（2）兩者皆表示“ 是否” 時(shí),留意,留意以下幾點(diǎn)區(qū)分：在動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后,兩者均可使用；I don t know whether /if he will come. 但是從句后有 or not 或者 or 時(shí)只能用 whether；I don t know whether he will come or not. 在介詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后只能用 whether；在主語從句、表語從句、同謂語從句中只能用 whether；Whether he will come is not yet known. 他會(huì)不會(huì)來仍不知道

17、；在不定式前只能用 whether；I can t decide whether to go or not. 我沒有打算是否去；典例 3 What I want to know is _he will come. A.that B.不填C.whether 學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載D.if 解析 C 考查表語從句中whether 與 if 的區(qū)分使用； 在主語從句、 表語從句、同謂語從句中只能用whether；自我檢測1.Mr. Anderson starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in th

18、e afternoon_a break at midday. A.with B.for C.as D.through 2._the morning of that Saturday,My mother together A.In B.On C.At D.To with me visited my father in prison. 3.The study you have been making_the ancient Characters is an instructive job. A. to B. of C. for D. from 4.Whats your favorite sport

19、. Jogging. I always run_the river every morning . A. around B. on C. along D. in 5.We need fifty more people_our team to do the job. A. but B. as well C. except D. besides 6. The question of _she ll come back home will be setted. A.if B.whether C.when D.what 7.The last time we had a family reunion w

20、as_my brother s wedding ceremony four years ago. 8. Finding a position in such a big company has always been_his wildest dreams. 9.Between 1975 and 1977,the number of overseas visitors increased_27%. A. by B. for C.to D.in 10.Child_she was ,she could do housework for her mother. A.though B.althogh C

21、.for D.because 11.Does John know any other foreign languages_French. A.except B.but C.besides D.beside 12._does he have to type out the answer on a computer,_he gets the computer to translate it into sounds. A. Not only;but also B.Either;or C.Both ;and 學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載D.as well as;but 13.When we design a bu

22、ilding,we should provide an entrance suitable for wheelchair on the passage,_lifts,suitable bathrooms and toilets. A. except B.as well C.as well as D.but to another. Many of the country people 14.Were stories passed on from one person could_read_write. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also 15.Would you like to come to dinner tonight. I d love to,_I m too busy. A.and B.so C.as D.but 答案與解析 1、A 介考查介詞with 結(jié)構(gòu)；即 with a break at midday是由“with+ 賓語 +介詞短語充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)”,在句中作狀語；